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Ocado Supply Chain Management White Paper by 10X

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April 27, 2020

Ocado Supply Chain Management White Paper by 10X

■目次
1.COVID-19によるe-Groceryへの影響
2.英国のネットスーパー事業概況
3.英Ocadoを支える強力なサプライチェーン
4.Ocadoから学ぶ3つのオペレーション戦略
5.会社紹介/お問い合わせ

■サマリー
・COVID-19の感染拡大の影響でe-Groceryは世界中で需要が急増。食品の購買が店舗からネット&配送へ急速に変化する中、日本のネットスーパーでは配送供給力やシステムが追いつかない現状
・日本のスーパーマーケット市場は13兆円の規模に対しEC化率は1%と他業界と比較して低水準
・英国の食品・飲料市場はEC化率6%と世界2位
・2000年に英国で創業した店舗を持たないネットスーパー専業のOcado(オカド)は売上1,757百万ユーロ(FY2019)、時価総額は1兆円を超える世界No.1のPure e-Groceryプレーヤー
・Ocado成長の鍵は「ピッキングの効率性追求によるSKU数の充実」「ラストマイル配送効率化による便利な配送の提供」「需給予測の精度向上による低欠品率・低廃棄率の実現」の3つのオペレーション戦略

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April 27, 2020
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                    ঎඼ഇغ཰ 0DBEPܽ඼཰ 0DBEP*3ϨϙʔτIUUQTXXXPDBEPHSPVQDPNJOWFTUPSTPVSJOWFTUNFOUDBTF FEJFc5FTDPTMBTIFTGPPEXBTUFCZJOPOFZFBSIUUQTXXXFEJFOFUOFXT5FTDPTMBTIFTGPPEXBTUFCZJOPOFZFBS &WFOJOH4UBOEBSEIUUQTXXXTUBOEBSEDPVLOFXTGPPEGPSMPOEPOSFWFBMFEUIFGVMMTDBMFPGTVQFSNBSLFUXBTUFBIUNM άϩʔόϧͰάϩʔαϦʔ&$શମͷܽ඼཰͸ʙͱ ళฮΑΓ΋ഒఔ౓ߴ͍ ࢀর4VQFSNBSLFU/FXTc3FEVDJOHPOMJOFPVUPGTUPDLTDSJUJDBMGPSSFUBJMFST TBZT(."TUVEZ IUUQTXXXTVQFSNBSLFUOFXTDPNPOMJOFSFUBJMSFEVDJOHPOMJOFPVUTUPDLTDSJUJDBMSFUBJMFSTTBZTHNBTUVEZ 0DBEPͷഇغ཰͸ڝ߹ͱൺͯ͠ YҎ্ͷਫ४ &$ۀքͰѹ౗తͳਫ४ͷܽ඼཰Λୡ੒͠ɺ ൢചػձϩεΛ๷͍Ͱ͍Δ ࢀর೔ຊίϯαϧλϯτάϧʔϓ IUUQTXXXOJDDPODPKQHZPVTIVCFUTVLPOTBSVTIPLVIJOTVQBIUNM 0DBEP 5FTDP 4BJOTCVSZT "TEB    
  17. $PQZSJHIU9 *OD"MMSJHIUSFTFSWFE ߴ౓ͳΦϖϨʔγϣϯͱٕज़ʹΑΓɺߥརͷ֬อͱӡసࢿຊͷޮ཰Խʹ੒ޭ  ഇغ཰Λ཈͑Δ͜ͱͰߴ͍ߥར཰Λ࣮ݱ Ϧʔϯͳࡏݿͱࢿຊޮ཰Λ࣮ݱ ച্ߴʢԯԁʣ ߥར཰ 0DBEP 

     8BMNBSU    ΠΦϯ    J     Πζϛ   ϥΠϑ   ࡏݿճస ചֻճస ങֻճస $$$ 0DBEP     8BMNBSU     ΠΦϯ     J     Πζϛ     ϥΠϑ     ֤ࣾ*3IUUQTXXXPDBEPHSPVQDPNJOWFTUPSTPVSJOWFTUNFOUDBTFcIUUQTXXXBOEJDPNJScIUUQTXXXBFPOJOGPJSMJCSBSZcIUUQXXXMJGFDPSQKQDPNQBOZJS IUUQTTUPDLXBMNBSUDPNJOWFTUPSTEFGBVMUBTQYcIUUQTXXXJ[VNJDPKQDPSQJS ୯Ґ೔ɺ$$$͸௚લظͷظதฏۉ#4߲໨ͱظ຤1-Λ࢖༻ ͍ͣΕ΋௚લظͷσʔλΑΓ ҝସϨʔτ͸ɺ-Cʹ+1: 64%+1:Λ࢖༻ ҝସϨʔτ͸ɺ-Cʹ+1: 64%+1:Λ࢖༻
  18. $PQZSJHIU9 *OD"MMSJHIUSFTFSWFE աڈ೥ɺ഑ૹΩϟύγςΟͷ֦େɾޮ཰վળʹରͯ͠ܧଓతʹ౤ࢿΛ࣮ߦ  ྦྷܭ౤ࢿֹ ηϯλʔؔ࿈౤ࢿ૯ֹ NNgʢશମͷʣ ഑ૹं྆ؔ࿈౤ࢿ૯ֹ NNgʢશମͷʣ ςΫϊϩδʔ౤ࢿ૯ֹ

    NNgʢશମͷʣ ւ֎ࣄۀ޲͚౤ࢿ૯ֹ NNgʢશମͷʣ                   ৽ηϯλʔ طଘηϯλʔ খܕηϯλʔ ഑ૹं྆ ςΫϊϩδʔ ւ֎ ͦͷଞ          ച্ߴ૯౤ࢿֹൺ཰ 0DBEPઃඋ౤ֹʢNNg 0DBEP*3ϨϙʔτIUUQTXXXPDBEPHSPVQDPNJOWFTUPSTPVSJOWFTUNFOUDBTF
  19. $PQZSJHIU9 *OD"MMSJHIUSFTFSWFE αϓϥΠνΣʔϯͷڧΈ͕ͦͷ··ࣄۀͷརӹ཰ɾઈରֹͷ޲্ʹܨ͕͍ͬͯΔ  ʢNNgʣ ೥౓ ೥౓ લ೥ൺ૿Ճ཰ ച্ ޿ࠂऩೖؚΉ

         ച্ݪՁ ˛  ˛   ߥར཰    ϐοΩϯάඅ ˛ ˛  ސ٬͋ͯ഑ૹඅ ˛ ˛  ޿ࠂએ఻අ ˛ ˛  ͦͷଞൢ؅අ ˛ ˛  ঈ٫લӦۀརӹ    ᶃ ᶄ ᶅ ᶆ ᶇ རӹͷߋͳΔ֦େͷํ޲ੑ ᶃ རศੑͷߴ͍αʔϏεఏڙʹΑΓɺ ސ٬਺ˍߪೖճ਺૿ ᶄ ഇغ཰ͷ࡟ݮ ᶅ ࣗಈԽ౤ࢿ΍ϐοΩϯάͷΦϖϨʔ γϣϯվળ ᶆ ϋϒˍεϙʔΫ΁ͷ౤ࢿɺ഑ૹϧʔ ςΟϯά࠷దԽ ᶇ ϨϑΝϨϯεॏࢹͷސ٬֫ಘઓུʹ ΑΔސ٬֫ಘඅͷ௿ݮ 0DBEP*3ϨϙʔτIUUQTXXXPDBEPHSPVQDPNJOWFTUPSTPVSJOWFTUNFOUDBTF
  20. $PQZSJHIU9 *OD"MMSJHIUSFTFSWFE ϐοΩϯάͷޮ཰ੑ௥ٻʹΑΔ4,6਺ͷॆ࣮  ೔ຊͷݱঢ় w ళฮ഑ૹ͕ओྲྀͰऔΓѻ͍঎඼΋ళฮͱ࿈ಈ w ϐοΩϯάɾύοΩϯά͸ελοϑͷशख़౓ʹґଘ w

    ϐοΩϯά͸ళฮͷച৔ελοϑʹΑΔ࣮ࢪ͕ओྲྀͰ૬ԠͷళฮϦιʔεΛ࢖༻ 0DBEPͷऔΓ૊Έ w /4ීٴલ͔Βઐ༻૔ݿʹઌߦ౤ࢿ w ࣗಈԽ౤ࢿʹΑΓɺϐοΩϯάਫ਼౓޲্ͱ4,6૿Ճʢ.%ͷॆ࣮ʣΛ࣮ݱ w ޮ཰ੑϞχλʔͷͨΊͷɺ,1*ઃఆ 61)࣌͋ͨΓϐοΫ਺ ͱվળ׆ಈ ೔ຊͷࣄۀऀ͕ औΓೖΕΒΕΔ΋ͷ w ϐοΫɾύοΫޮ཰ͷ,1*Խͱɺελοϑ͝ͱͷϞχλϦϯάʢଌఆͱվળ׆ಈʣ w όεέοτ୯Ձ૿Λλʔήοτͱͨ͠4,6ͷ૿Ճ w ઐ༻ͷηϯλʔ૔ݿɿཱ஍ج४໌֬Խஈ֊తͳϐοΩϯάޮ཰Խͱ4,6ॆ࣮ԽΛݟ ӽͨ͠ద੾ͳݿ಺ઃܭͱϚςϋϯ౤ࢿ
  21. $PQZSJHIU9 *OD"MMSJHIUSFTFSWFE  ೔ຊͷݱঢ় w ෳ਺ͷୈ̏ऀ෺ྲྀۀऀ΁ͷ֎஫͕ओྲྀͰ഑ૹ࿮͕ߗ௚త w ૣேɾਂ໷ͷ഑ૹ࿮ͷఏڙ͸ك w ഑ૹྉͷμΠφϛοΫϓϥΠγϯά౳ͷधཁͷฏ४Խࢪࡦͷෆ଍

    0DBEPͷऔΓ૊Έ w ं྆ɺυϥΠόʔɺϧʔςΟϯάγεςϜΛશͯࣗࣾอ༗ w ૣேɺਂ໷࣌ؒͷ഑ૹରԠ w ഑ૹྉμΠφϛοΫϓϥΠγϯάʹΑΓɺधཁΛฏ४Խ ೔ຊͷࣄۀऀ͕ औΓೖΕΒΕΔ΋ͷ w ʢࣗલҕୗʹؔΘΒͣʣγεςϜಋೖ౳ʹΑΔ഑ૹঢ়گͷਖ਼֬ͳ೺Ѳɺٴͼ,1*ͷઃ ఆͱޮ཰Խ΁޲͚ͨվળ࣮ߦ w धཁ༧ଌͷڧԽͱͦΕʹج͍ͮͨ഑ૹΩϟύγςΟͷॊೈੑ֬อ w རศੑͷߴ͍഑ૹ࿮ͷݕ౼ɿకΊ࣌ؒ୹ॖɺ഑ૹ΢Πϯυ΢୹ॖɺૣேɾਂ໷ରԠ౳ ϥετϚΠϧ഑ૹޮ཰ԽʹΑΔศརͳ഑ૹ࿮ͷఏڙ
  22. $PQZSJHIU9 *OD"MMSJHIUSFTFSWFE  ೔ຊͷݱঢ় w ళฮ͝ͱͷܦݧଇʹΑΔधཁ༧ଌ͕ओྲྀͰɺ഑ૹ࿮͕धཁΛຬͨͤͳ͍έʔε΋ଟൃ w ঎඼ΧςΰϦʔ΍4,6୯ҐͰͷधཁ༧ଌ͸ෆे෼ w ళฮ഑ૹͰ͋Δ͜ͱ΋Өڹ͠ɺܽ඼͕ଟൃ

    0DBEPͷऔΓ૊Έ w աڈσʔλΛجʹͨ͠ΧςΰϦʔɾ4,6୯ҐͰͷߴਫ਼౓धཁ༧ଌϞσϧ w ઌೖઌग़ͷపఈʹΑΔࡏݿྔͱഇغ཰ͷ௿ݮ w ສͷ4,6ΛऔΓѻ͍ͳ͕Βɺ௿͍ഇغ཰΍ܽ඼཰Λ࣮ݱ ೔ຊͷࣄۀऀ͕ औΓೖΕΒΕΔ΋ͷ w ࣮ళฮൢച΍طଘ/4ͷൢചσʔλΛ׆༻͠ɺΧςΰϦʔผधཁ༧ଌϞσϧΛ࡞੒ w ഇغ཰ɾܽ඼཰ɾࡏݿ೔਺Λ,1*ͱ͠ɺधཁ༧ଌͷܧଓతͳਫ਼౓޲্ΛਤΔ धڅ༧ଌͷਫ਼౓޲্ʹΑΔ௿ܽ඼཰ɾ௿ഇغ཰ͷ࣮ݱ
  23. $PQZSJHIU9 *OD"MMSJHIUSFTFSWFE ձࣾ֓ཁ  ໊ࣾ גࣜձࣾ9ʢςϯΤοΫεʣ ༝དྷ ʮഒʯΛࣔ͢Yʹ༝དྷ ഒͷൃ໌Λࣾձ࣮૷͍ͨ͠ɺͱ͍͏ҙਤ͔Β ૑ۀऀ

    $&0໼ຊਅৎ$50ੴ઒༸ࢿ גࣜձࣾϝϧΧϦʹͯಉ྅໊ͩͬͨͰ૑ۀ ॅॴ ౦ژ౎தԝ۠೔ຊڮശ࡚ொ $04.0Ϗϧ' ࣾһ਺ ໊
  24. $PQZSJHIU9 *OD"MMSJHIUSFTFSWFE Ԋֵ  ೥݄ גࣜձࣾ9ͷ૑ۀ ୅දɾ໼ຊ͕ҭࣇٳՋதʹؾ͍ͮͨʮߟ͑ΔՈࣄʯͷ೉͔͠͞Βɺ͜ΕΒΛղܾ͢ΔαʔϏεͷఏڙΛ͍ͨ͠ͱߟ͑גࣜձࣾ9Λઃཱɻ·ͣ͸ʮݙཱΛ ߟ͑Δʯʮങ͏΋ͷΛߟ͑Δʯͱ͍ͬͨ࢓ࣄΛαϙʔτ͢΂͘ɺڞಉ૑ۀऀɾੴ઒ͱͱ΋ʹλϕϦʔͷ։ൃΛ։࢝ɻ ೥݄ J04൛ʮλϕϦʔʯͷఏڙ։࢝ͱୈࡾऀׂ౰૿ࢿʹΑΔࢿۚௐୡͷൃද

    ओࡊɾ෭ࡊɾो෺ͷॱʹɺఏҊ͞ΕͨϨγϐ͔ΒબͿ͚ͩͰϐολϦͷݙཱ͕࡞Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ɺ·ͨݙཱʹඞཁͳങ͍෺Ϧετ΋ॠ࣌ʹ࡞Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ ʮඵݙཱΞϓϦʯͱͯ͠ϦϦʔεɻ4/4্Ͱ࿩୊ͱͳΔɻ͋Θͤͯɺ໊ͷݸਓ౤ࢿՈΑΓ૯ֹ ສԁͷࢿۚௐୡΛൃදɻ ೥݄ "OESPJE൛ʮλϕϦʔʯͷఏڙ։࢝ ظ଴͢ΔϢʔβʔͷଟ͔ͬͨ"OESPJE൛ΛϦϦʔεɻ ೥݄ J04൛ʮλϕϦʔʯʹ͓͍ͯɺෳ਺೔ͷݙཱΛ࡞੒Ͱ͖ΔʮݙཱηοτػೳʯΛఏڙ։࢝ ෳ਺ͷ೔෇Λࢦఆͯ͠ʮ৯ࡐΛ࠷దʹ࢖͍·Θ͢ݙཱʯΛਪન͢ΔػೳΛϦϦʔεɻ ೥݄ J04൛ʮλϕϦʔʯʹ͓͍ͯɺങ͍෺Ϧετ͔Β਺λοϓͰ஫จ͕׬ྃ͢ΔʮΦϯϥΠϯ஫จػೳʯΛఏڙ։࢝ ΞϓϦ಺ͷങ͍෺ϦετΑΓɺඞཁͳ৯ࡐΛɺඞཁͳ਺ྔ͚ͩ஫จͰ͖ΔػೳΛϦϦʔεɻ
  25. $PQZSJHIU9 *OD"MMSJHIUSFTFSWFE  ϓϩμΫτܦݧ஋͕ߴ͘ɺΞχϚϧͳνʔϜ $&0໼ຊਅৎ $50ੴ઒༸ࢿ &Y 1SPEVDU.BOBHFS &OHJOFFSੴాޫҰ &OHJOFFS୔ా༸ฏ

    &OHJOFFSٱాҰً &OHJOFFSࡔຊ࿨େ #J['JOBODFࢁా૱ &Y 1SJODJQBM&OHJOFFS &Y 4FOJPS"TTPDJBUF ܦӦ &OHJOFFS๺༟հ $VTUPNFS4VDDFTTᖛࡔѪԻ .BSLFUJOH#J[%FW൧ࢁलਓ #J[%FW੺໦౒ &OHJOFFSتଟܒհ ܦݧ๛෋ͳϓϩμΫτࣄۀ։ൃνʔϜ &Y &OHJOFFS BU(6.* &Y 5FDI-FBE BU.FSDBSJ &Y 5FDI-FBE BU503&5" &Y 5FDI-FBE BU(.0 &Y &OHJOFFSJOH.HS BU4BOTBO &Y .BSLFUJOH.HS BU.FSDBSJ &Y &OHJOFFSJOH.HS BU-*/& &Y .JUTVCJTIJDPSQ &Y )3BU4BO4BO
  26. $PQZSJHIU9 *OD"MMSJHIUSFTFSWFE ʮUP$ʷ#JH.BSLFUʯʹ࣮੷Λ࣋ͭ౤ࢿՈਞ͕όοΫΞοϓ  %$.7FOUVSFT ถࠃɾதࠃɾ೔ຊΛத৺ʹ໿ԯԁͷࢿ࢈Λӡ༻ࣾ͠ Ҏ্ͷϢχίʔϯΛ૑ग़͖ͯͨ͠γϦίϯόϨʔڌ఺ͷϕ ϯνϟʔΩϟϐλϧɻzϗʔϜϥϯڃͷ੒ޭzʹϑΥʔΧε͠ ͯ౤ࢿΛߦ͏7$ɻ ϗʔϜϥϯઐۀ

    7FOUVSF$BQJUBM ىۀՈͱͯ͠ ܦݧ๛෋ͳΤϯδΣϧ "TBOPDBQJUBM ઙ໺ઍਘ /JBOUJD71 Տ߹ܟҰ ݸਓ౤ࢿՈ ֽాޫ IFZ૑ۀऀ ࠤ౻༟հ Τ΢ϨΧ૑ۀऀ ੺ࡔ༏ /08 Ոೖֿ୩ 'BCMJD૑ۀऀ ງҪᠳଠ ίωώτ૑ۀऀ େ౬ढ़հ
  27. $PQZSJHIU9 *OD"MMSJHIUSFTFSWFE จ੹͓໰͍߹Θͤ  ࡾඛ঎ࣄٴͼถܥ౤ࢿϑΝϯυ$BSMZMFʹͯɺෳ਺ͷίϯ γϡʔϚʔɾ৯඼ҿྉاۀ΁ͷ౤ࢿ΍ܦӦࢧԉΛ೥௒ ʹ౉ΓܦݧɻʰӬଓతʹੜ׆ऀʹYͷՁ஋Λఏڙ͠ଓ ͚ɺੈͷதͷ࣮՝୊Λղܾ͢Δʱͱ͍͏૝͍ʹڞײ͠ɺ ೥݄ʹ9ʹࢀըɻ ܦྺ

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