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IAM Access Analyzer を活用して最小権限を目指そう
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YukihiroChiba
May 19, 2021
Technology
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IAM Access Analyzer を活用して最小権限を目指そう
「IAM Access Analyzer を活用して最小権限を目指そう」というタイトルで登壇した際の資料です
YukihiroChiba
May 19, 2021
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Transcript
IAM Access AnalyzerΛ ׆༻ͯ͠࠷খݖݶΛࢦͦ͏ ઍ༿ʢνόϢΩʣ
͍͖ͳΓͰ͕͢ ͜Μͳ͜ͱΛࢥΘͳ͔ͬͨͩΖ͏͔
ʮ͔Ϳͬͯͳ͍ʜʜʁʯ
ࢲʮ͔ͿͬͯΔͳʜʜʯ
ΑΖ͓͘͠ئ͍͠·͢ ͓͞Β͍ɺ͘͠ τΠϨٳܜͷ࣌ؒͱͯ͠ ͝׆༻͍ͩ͘͞
ࣗݾհ ઍ༿ • 2020 ΫϥεϝιουδϣΠϯ • 2021 APN
AWS Top EngineerΑ • ͖ͳAWSΞΫγϣϯɿ • sts:AssumeRole
"HFOEB 1.࠷খݖݶͱ 2.Ͳ͜Ͱ࠷খݖݶΛ࣮ݱ͢Δ͔ 3.IAM Access Analyzer ͱ 4.࠷খݖݶΛࢦͨ͢Ίͷػೳ
͢͜ͱ͞ͳ͍͜ͱ •͢͜ͱ •࠷খݖݶͱԿ͔ͷલఏࣝ •࠷খݖݶΛࢦͨ͢Ίͷػೳͷ֓ཁ •͞ͳ͍͜ͱ •IAM Access Analyzerͷ۩ମతͳ׆༻ྫ
1. IAM ͷ࠷খݖݶͱ ͡Ίʹ
Ͳ͜ʹॻ͍ͯ͋Δͷʁ *".ʹ͓͚Δ࠷খݖݶͷݪଇ
ᶃ*".ͷηΩϡϦςΟϕετϓϥΫςΟε https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ja_jp/IAM/latest/UserGuide/ best-practices.html#grant-least-privilege
•ΞΫηεϨϕϧͷάϧʔϓԽͷѲ •ॻ͖ࠐΈɺಡΈऔΓɺཧ…… •ϙϦγʔͷݕূ •ΞΫηεΞΫςΟϏςΟʹج͍ͮͯϙϦγʔΛੜ͢Δ •࠷ऴΞΫηεใͷར༻ •AWS CloudTrail ͰͷΞΧϯτͷΠϕϯτͷ֬ೝ ᶃ*".ͷηΩϡϦςΟϕετϓϥΫςΟε
•ΞΫηεϨϕϧͷάϧʔϓԽͷѲ •ॻ͖ࠐΈɺಡΈऔΓɺཧ…… •ϙϦγʔͷݕূ •ΞΫηεΞΫςΟϏςΟʹج͍ͮͯϙϦγʔΛੜ͢Δ •࠷ऴΞΫηεใͷར༻ •AWS CloudTrail ͰͷΞΧϯτͷΠϕϯτͷ֬ೝ ᶃ*".ͷηΩϡϦςΟϕετϓϥΫςΟε
ᶄ8"ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫηΩϡϦςΟͷப https://docs.aws.amazon.com/wellarchitected/latest/ security-pillar/permissions-management.html
ᶄ8"ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫηΩϡϦςΟͷப • ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔ • ϚωʔδυϙϦγʔ • AWS ཧϙϦγʔ •
ΧελϚʔཧϙϦγʔ • ΠϯϥΠϯϙϦγʔ ʮ΄ͱΜͲͷ߹ɺ࠷খݖݶͷݪଇʹैͬͯɺ ɹಠࣗͷΧελϚʔཧϙϦγʔΛ࡞͢Δඞཁ͕͋Γ·͢ɻʯ
ᶄ8"ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫηΩϡϦςΟͷப • ݅ɺϦιʔεɺΞΫγϣϯΛ࠷খԽ͢Δ • άϧʔϓଐੑʹΑΓಈతʹΞΫηεڐՄΛ༩͑Δ ʢݸʑͷϢʔβʔʹ༩͠ͳ͍ʣ • ϦιʔεIAMΤϯςΟςΟʹΞλον͢ΔϙϦ γʔʹΑΓΞΫηεΛ੍ޚ͢Δ
• Permissions boundaryABACΛ׆༻͢Δ ʮ͜ͷݪଇʹج͍ͮͯӡ༻͢Δͱɺҙਤ͠ͳ͍ΞΫηε੍͕ݶ͞Εɺ ɹɹ୭͕ͲͷϦιʔεʹΞΫηεͰ͖Δ͔ࠪͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΓ·͢ɻʯ
࠷খݖݶ͕कΒΕ͍ͯͳ͍ͱͲ͏ͳΔʁ ࠷খݖݶͷݪଇ
࠷খݖݶ͕कΒΕ͍ͯͳ͍߹ • ૢ࡞ϛεʹΑΔҙਤ͠ͳ͍มߋ͕ߦΘΕΔ • ɹ • ɹ
࠷খݖݶ͕कΒΕ͍ͯͳ͍߹ • ૢ࡞ϛεʹΑΔҙਤ͠ͳ͍มߋ͕ߦΘΕΔ • ෆਖ਼ΞΫηεʹΑΔඃ͕֦େ͢Δ • ɹ
࠷খݖݶ͕कΒΕ͍ͯͳ͍߹ • ૢ࡞ϛεʹΑΔҙਤ͠ͳ͍มߋ͕ߦΘΕΔ • ෆਖ਼ΞΫηεʹΑΔඃ͕֦େ͢Δ • ෦൜ߦʹΑΔඃ͕֦େ͢Δ
࠷খݖݶ͕कΒΕ͍ͯͳ͍߹ • ૢ࡞ϛεʹΑΔҙਤ͠ͳ͍มߋ͕ߦΘΕΔ • ෆਖ਼ΞΫηεʹΑΔඃ͕֦େ͢Δ • ෦൜ߦʹΑΔඃ͕֦େ͢Δ ʮڱ࢝͘ΊͯඞཁʹԠͯ͡Ճʯ͕ཧ
2.Ͳ͜Ͱ࠷খݖݶΛ࣮ݱ͢Δ͔ ࣍ʹ
ϙϦγʔͷछྨ ࠷খݖݶΛͲ͜Ͱ࣮ݱ͢Δ͔
ಥવͰ͕͢ AWSʹ͓͚ΔϙϦγʔλΠϓ ̒ͭશͯ͑ΒΕ·͔͢ʁ
ͭͷϙϦγʔλΠϓ • ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔ • ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔ • ΞΫηεڐՄͷڥքʢPermissions boundaryʣ •
Organizations SCPʢαʔϏείϯτϩʔϧϙϦγʔʣ • ΞΫηείϯτϩʔϧϦετʢACLʣ • ηογϣϯϙϦγʔ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ
ͭͷϙϦγʔλΠϓ • ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔ • ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔ • ΞΫηεڐՄͷڥքʢPermissions boundaryʣ •
Organizations SCPʢαʔϏείϯτϩʔϧϙϦγʔʣ • ΞΫηείϯτϩʔϧϦετʢACLʣ • ηογϣϯϙϦγʔ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ ʁ 71$ΤϯυϙΠϯτϙϦγʔ ͜͜ʹଐ͢Δ͕ɺ ʮͪΐͬͱ܅͕ͪ͘ͳ͍ʁʯͱ ࢥ͍ͬͯΔ
ͭͷϙϦγʔλΠϓ • ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔ • ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔ • ΞΫηεڐՄͷڥքʢPermissions boundaryʣ •
Organizations SCPʢαʔϏείϯτϩʔϧϙϦγʔʣ • ΞΫηείϯτϩʔϧϦετʢACLʣ • ηογϣϯϙϦγʔ ͍ΘΏΔʮIAMϙϦγʔʯ όέοτϙϦγʔɺIAMϩʔϧ৴པϙϦγʔͳͲ όέοτACLͳͲ IAMϩʔϧͷҾ͖ड͚࣌ʹઃఆՄೳ
ͭͷϙϦγʔλΠϓ • ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔ • ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔ • ΞΫηεڐՄͷڥքʢPermissions boundaryʣ •
Organizations SCPʢαʔϏείϯτϩʔϧϙϦγʔʣ • ΞΫηείϯτϩʔϧϦετʢACLʣ • ηογϣϯϙϦγʔ +40/ +40/ +40/ +40/ +40/
JSON ϙϦγʔͷཁૉ ࠷খݖݶΛͲ͜Ͱ࣮͢Δ͔
+40/ϙϦγʔͷཁૉ https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServicesJapan/20190129-aws- black-belt-online-seminar-aws-identity-and-access-management-iam-part1
+40/ϙϦγʔͷཁૉ1SJODJQBM https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServicesJapan/20190129-aws- black-belt-online-seminar-aws-identity-and-access-management-iam-part1 1SJODJQBM ʢ/PU1SJODJQMʣ ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔͰ༻ɻ ΞΫηεͷ࣮ߦݩʢओମʣΛ੍ݶɻ ʮ୭͕ʯ
+40/ϙϦγʔͷཁૉ"DUJPO https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServicesJapan/20190129-aws- black-belt-online-seminar-aws-identity-and-access-management-iam-part1 "DUJPO ʢ/PU"DUJPOʣ ࣮ߦՄೳͳΞΫγϣϯΛ੍ݶɻ ʮԿΛʯ
+40/ϙϦγʔͷཁૉ3FTPVSDF https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServicesJapan/20190129-aws- black-belt-online-seminar-aws-identity-and-access-management-iam-part1 ΞΫηεՄೳͳϦιʔεΛ੍ݶɻ 3FTPVSDF ʢ/PU3FTPVSDFʣ ʮԿʹରͯ͠ʯ
+40/ϙϦγʔͷཁૉ$POEJUJPO https://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServicesJapan/20190129-aws- black-belt-online-seminar-aws-identity-and-access-management-iam-part1 ಛఆͷ݅ԼͰͷΈ ΞΫηεΛڐՄʢ͋Δ͍ڋ൱ʣɻ $POEJUJPO ʮͲΜͳ߹ʹʯ
࠷খݖݶΛͲ͜Ͱ࣮͢Δ͔ ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔͰ ActionΛߜΔ͚͕ͩ ࠷খݖݶͷ࣮Ͱͳ͍
3. IAM Access Analyzerͱ มΘͬͯ
IAM Access AnalyzerͱԿ͔ ͦͦ
*"."DDFTT"OBMZ[FSͱԿ͔ ʮϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔͷ PrincipalΛݟͯ͘ΕΔͷʯ͕ͩͬͨɺ ͍ͭͷؒʹ͔͍ΖΜͳ͜ͱ͕ Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳ͍ͬͯͨ
*"."DDFTT"OBMZ[FSͷྺ࢙ • 2019/12 ϦϦʔε • S3ɺIAM ϩʔϧɺKMSɺLambdaɺSQSͷϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔΛੳ
*"."DDFTT"OBMZ[FSͷྺ࢙ • 2019/12 ϦϦʔε • S3ɺIAM ϩʔϧɺKMSɺLambdaɺSQSͷϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔΛੳ • 2021/01
ੳର͕Ճ • Secrets Manager γʔΫϨοτʹରԠ
*"."DDFTT"OBMZ[FSͷྺ࢙ • 2019/12 ϦϦʔε • S3ɺIAM ϩʔϧɺKMSɺLambdaɺSQSͷϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔΛੳ • 2021/01
ੳର͕Ճ • Secrets Manager γʔΫϨοτʹରԠ • 2021/03 ʮࣄલݕূʯʹରԠ • ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔͷมߋલʹੳ͕Մೳ • ϚωδϝϯτίϯιʔϧͰ S3 όέοτϙϦγʔͷΈ
*"."DDFTT"OBMZ[FSͷྺ࢙ • 2019/12 ϦϦʔε • S3ɺIAM ϩʔϧɺKMSɺLambdaɺSQSͷϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔΛੳ • 2021/01
ੳର͕Ճ • Secrets Manager γʔΫϨοτʹରԠ • 2021/03 ʮࣄલݕূʯʹରԠ • ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔͷมߋલʹੳ͕Մೳ • ϚωδϝϯτίϯιʔϧͰ S3 όέοτϙϦγʔͷΈ ٸʹྲྀΕ͕มΘΔ
*"."DDFTT"OBMZ[FSͷྺ࢙ • 2019/12 ϦϦʔε • 2021/01 ੳର͕Ճ • 2021/03
ʮࣄલݕূʯʹରԠ • 2021/03 ʮϙϦγʔνΣοΫʯʹରԠ • ϙϦγʔݕূʢValidationʣͱ • ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔ͕ϝΠϯ • AWS CLI Ͱ SCP ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔʹରԠ
*"."DDFTT"OBMZ[FSͷྺ࢙ • 2019/12 ϦϦʔε • 2021/01 ੳର͕Ճ • 2021/03
ʮࣄલݕূʯʹରԠ • 2021/03 ʮϙϦγʔνΣοΫʯʹରԠ • ϙϦγʔݕূʢValidationʣͱ • ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔ͕ϝΠϯ • AWS CLI Ͱ SCP ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔʹରԠ • 2021/04 ʮϙϦγʔͷੜʯʹରԠ • ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔͷΈ͕ର
ͬ͘͟ΓԿ͕ҧ͏͔ Region ΞφϥΠβʔ IAM Access Analyzer ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔͷੳ αʔϏεʹ ϦϯΫ͞Εͨ
ϩʔϧ ϙϦγʔͷݕূ ϙϦγʔͷੜ αʔϏε͕ ༻͢Δ ϩʔϧ
ͬ͘͟ΓԿ͕ҧ͏͔ • ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔͷੳʹϦʔδϣφϧϦιʔεͰ ͋ΔʮΞφϥΠβʔʯͷ࡞͕ඞཁ • ϙϦγʔͷݕূʹϦιʔεϩʔϧཁΒͳ͍ • ϙϦγʔͷੜʹϩʔϧ͚ͩཁΔ
IAM ΞΫηεΞυόΠβʔ ͱԿ͕ҧ͏͔ ࠞཚ͕ͪ͠
ΞφϥΠβʔͱΞυόΠβʔ *"."DDFTT"OBMZ[FS *"."DDFTT"EWJTPS *".ΞΫηεʁ ΞφϥΠβʔʂ ΞυόΠβʔʂ Կ͕Ͱ͖Δ͔ ɾϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔͷੳ ɾ֤छϙϦγʔͷݕূ
ɾΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔͷੜ ɾ*".Ϧιʔε୯ҐͰͷɺ ΞΫηεڐՄͱΞΫηεཤྺͷදࣔ αʔϏε͔Ͳ͏͔ ɾ"84αʔϏεͰ͋Δ ɾϦιʔεଘࡏ͢Δ ɾαʔϏε༻ͷϩʔϧଘࡏ͢Δ ɾ"84αʔϏεͰͳ͍ ɾෳͷ"1*ʹΑΔػೳͷ໊শ ར༻ྉ ແྉͰࠓ͙͓͍͍͚ͨͩ͢·͢ ແྉͰࠓ͙͓͍͍͚ͨͩ͢·͢
ΞΫηεΞυόΠβʔͷ֓ཁ •ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔΛج४ͱͨ͠ʮΞΫ ηεՄೳͳαʔϏεʯͷදࣔ •Cloud TrailΛϕʔεͱͨ͠ʮΞΫηεཤྺʯͷදࣔ
4. ࠷খݖݶΛࢦͨ͢Ίͷػೳ Α͏͘
औΓ্͛Δͷ͜ͷͭͰ͢
ͦͷ1. ϙϦγʔͷݕূ ࠷খݖݶΛࢦͨ͢Ίͷػೳ
ϙϦγʔͷݕূͱ • IAM Access Analyzer ʹΑΔػೳ • ҎԼͷϙϦγʔʹର͍͍ͯ͠ײ͡ͷνΣοΫΛͯ͘͠ΕΔ •
ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔ • SCPʢαʔϏείϯτϩʔϧϙϦγʔʣ※ϚωίϯෆՄ • ϦιʔεϕʔεϙϦγʔɹ※ϚωίϯෆՄ
ϙϦγʔͷݕূͱ • ϙϦγʔͷνΣοΫͷ؍ • ηΩϡϦςΟɹηΩϡϦςΟϦεΫͱΈͳ͞ΕΔ༰ • ΤϥʔɹߏจΤϥʔແޮͳͳͲ • ܯࠂɹηΩϡϦςΟϦεΫͰͳ͍͕ϕετϓϥΫςΟεͰͳ͍
• ఏҊɹΞΫηεڐՄʹӨڹΛ༩͑ͳ͍ఏҊʢͳهड़ͳͲʣ
ϙϦγʔͷݕূͷྫ • ηΩϡϦςΟͷΧςΰϦͷνΣοΫ߲ྫ • NotPrincipalͰڐՄΛ༩͍͑ͯΔ • PassRoleΛڐՄ͢ΔResourceʢϩʔϧʣ͕͗͢Δ • PassRoleΛڐՄ͢ΔAction͕͗͢Δ
ϙϦγʔͷݕূ • Ϛωίϯ͔ΒΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔΛฤू͢Δͱ͖Կ ߟ͑ͣศརʹ͏ • ϙϦγʔΛ CI/CD ཧ͍ͯ͠Δͱ͖ϓϩάϥϜʹΑΓࣗಈͰݕ ূͤ͞Δ͍ํ͋Γ
• ʮ࠷খݖݶΛࢦ͢ʯͱ͍͏؍Ͱͦ͜·Ͱڧ͘ͳ͍
ͦͷ2. ϙϦγʔͷੜ ࠷খݖݶΛࢦͨ͢Ίͷػೳ
ϙϦγʔͷੜͱ • IAM Access Analyzer ʹΑΔػೳ • աڈͷΞΫςΟϏςΟΛجʹɺΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔͷ ܗΛੜͯ͘͠ΕΔ
ϙϦγʔͷੜʂخ͍͠ ͏͔ͬΓߏͰϒϩάԽ͞ΕΔ΄ͲͷΞπ͞
ҙ͕͋Γ·͢ ͍͔ͭ͘
ҙͦͷʢͨͪʣ •աڈͷΞΫςΟϏςΟ͕͋Δ͜ͱ͕લఏͳͷͰɺʮ࠷খͰελʔ τʯͷέʔεͰ͑ͳ͍ •ରϢʔβʔ/ϩʔϧͱಉ͡ΞΧϯτͰ Trail ͕༗ޮʹͳ͍ͬͯ Δඞཁ͕͋Δ •ϕʔεͱͰ͖Δظؒ࠷େͰ90ؒ •ෳͷϢʔβʔ/ϩʔϧʹରͯ͠ಉ࣌ʹੜͰ͖ͳ͍
•1ʹੜͰ͖Δͷ5݅·Ͱ
ҙͦͷ •ਫ਼ࠪͯ͘͠ΕΔͷ Action ͷΈ •Resource Codition ʹաڈͷΞΫςΟϏςΟө͞Ε ͳ͍
ʮ͜ͷϢʔβʔաڈؒͰ ಛఆͷ4όέοτʹରͯ͠ͷΈΞΫηεͯ͠Δ͔Β 3FTPVSDFͰ͜ͷ4όέοτ͚ͩʹߜΔͱ͍͍Αʯ ͳΜͯ͜ͱͯ͘͠Ε·ͤΜɻ
ҙͦͷ •ͯ͢ͷαʔϏεͰ Action ϨϕϧͰਫ਼ࠪͯ͘͠ΕΔΘ͚Ͱͳ͍ ্هҎ֎ͷαʔϏε ʮαʔϏεϨϕϧʯͰͷ ચ͍ग़ͩ͠Α ◦ IAM
◦ AWS KMS ◦ AWS Lambda ◦ AWS RAM ◦ Amazon RDS ◦ AWS Resource Groups ◦ Amazon S3 ◦ AWS Security Token Service ◦ AWS Systems Manager ◦ IAM Access Analyzer ◦ Amazon CloudWatch ◦ Amazon Cognito Identity ◦ Amazon Cognito user pools ◦ Amazon EC2 ◦ Amazon ECS ◦ Elastic Load Balancing
ϙϦγʔͷੜ •։ൃظؒͷ࣮Λͱʹʮ࠷খݖݶΛࢦ͢ʯͱ͍͏έʔεͰ ༗ޮ •ʮΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔͷ Action ΛߜΔʯʹ͔͠ ͑ͳ͍ͷΛཧղ͢Δ •Action ͕ͯ͢ચ͍ग़͞ΕΔΘ͚Ͱͳ͍͜ͱΛཧղ͢Δ
ͦͷ3. ࠷ऴΞΫηεใͷར༻ ࠷খݖݶΛࢦͨ͢Ίͷػೳ
࠷ऴΞΫηεใͷར༻ͱ • IAM ΞΫηεΞυόΠβʔ ʹΑΔػೳ • IAMϦιʔεʢϢʔβʔ/άϧʔϓ/ϩʔϧ/ϙϦγʔʣ୯ҐͰҎԼΛ֬ ೝͰ͖Δ •
ΞΫηεՄೳͳAWSαʔϏε • ࠷ऴΞΫηεཤྺ • ҎԼͷAWSαʔϏεʹରͯ͠ΞΫγϣϯϨϕϧͰ֬ೝՄೳ • Amazon S3 • Amazon EC2 • AWS IAM • AWS Lambda
࠷ऴΞΫηεใͷར༻ • ϚωίϯͩͬͨΒ͔͜͜Β؆୯ʹݟΕ·͢ɻ
࠷ऴΞΫηεใͷར༻ •ΞΠσϯςΟςΟϕʔεϙϦγʔͷ Action ΛߜΔͷʹ͑Δ •ʮϙϦγʔͷੜʯͱػೳࣅ͍ͯΔ͕ɺͰ͖Δ͜ͱ͕গͳ ͍ɺΑΓ͓खܰ •AWS CLI ͰΔͱ݁ߏָ͍͠
·ͱΊ ·ͱΊ
·ͱΊ • ʮ࠷খݖݶʯ͍ΖΜͳϙϦγʔͷ͍ΖΜͳཁૉ Λ࣮ͬͯ͢Δ • IAM Access Analyzer(ͱΞυόΠβʔ)ͦͷҰ ෦Λνϡʔχϯά͢Δͷʹศར
• ʮ͜Ε͓͚͑ͬͯ͞OKʯͳ͍ͷͰɺܧଓ ͯ͠಄Λ·ͤ·͠ΐ͏