Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
静的型付け言語 Crystal
Search
Hirofumi Wakasugi
October 23, 2015
Programming
0
110
静的型付け言語 Crystal
Tokyo Crystal Meetup #2 (2015-10-23)
Hirofumi Wakasugi
October 23, 2015
Tweet
Share
More Decks by Hirofumi Wakasugi
See All by Hirofumi Wakasugi
Racc Introduction
5t111111
1
400
Keep Calm and Enjoy Gachima
5t111111
3
350
Swift Functional Programming
5t111111
0
260
Middleman on Production
5t111111
0
150
名古屋Ruby会議03 高速一言感想
5t111111
3
1k
ドキュメント翻訳懺悔のLT ~進捗ダメです~
5t111111
1
560
UFO演算子について
5t111111
0
310
Rubyと戯れるOSS DTM
5t111111
4
720
Rubyの拡張をCrystalで書いてみる
5t111111
0
99
Other Decks in Programming
See All in Programming
令和トラベルにおけるLLM活用事例:社内ツール開発から得た学びと実践
ippo012
0
150
Some more adventure of Happy Eyeballs
coe401_
2
180
Kotlin 2.0 and Beyond
antonarhipov
2
150
XStateでReactに秩序を与えたい
gizm000
0
730
KSPの導入・移行を前向きに検討しよう!
shxun6934
PRO
0
220
Google Sign-inの移行から始めるCredential Manager活用
clockvoid
0
220
Amazon Neptuneで始める初めてのグラフDB ー グラフDBを使う意味を考える ー
satoshi256kbyte
2
260
Rubyのobject_id
qnighy
6
1.3k
unique パッケージから学ぶ interning と weak reference @ Asakusa.go#3
karamaru
2
810
状態管理ライブラリZustandの導入から運用まで
k1tikurisu
3
470
メモリ最適化を究める!iOSアプリ開発における5つの重要なポイント
yhirakawa333
0
410
GraphQL あるいは React における自律的なデータ取得について
quramy
11
2.9k
Featured
See All Featured
Fontdeck: Realign not Redesign
paulrobertlloyd
80
5.1k
実際に使うSQLの書き方 徹底解説 / pgcon21j-tutorial
soudai
166
48k
Making Projects Easy
brettharned
113
5.8k
ReactJS: Keep Simple. Everything can be a component!
pedronauck
663
120k
The Illustrated Children's Guide to Kubernetes
chrisshort
47
48k
Faster Mobile Websites
deanohume
304
30k
Design by the Numbers
sachag
277
19k
Side Projects
sachag
451
42k
Into the Great Unknown - MozCon
thekraken
29
1.4k
Teambox: Starting and Learning
jrom
131
8.7k
Designing the Hi-DPI Web
ddemaree
278
34k
Why Our Code Smells
bkeepers
PRO
334
56k
Transcript
੩తܕ͚ݴޠ$SZTUBM Crystal The Programming Language with Static Typing Hirofumi Wakasugi
(@5t111111)
$SZTUBM੩తܕ͚ͷ ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠͰ͢ɻ
੩తܕ͚ w มͳͲͷܕίϯύΠϧ࣌ʹܾఆ͞Ε͍ͯΔ w ܕνΣοΫʹΑͬͯࣄલʹόάΛัଊ͍͢͠ w มͳͲͷܕ࣮ࡍͷ࣮ߦ࣌ͷʹͳΔ w ॊೈͰ࠶ར༻ੑͷߴ͍ϓϩάϥϜΛॻ͖͍͢ ಈతܕ͚
ಈతܕ͚ͷ3VCZͱ ੩తܕ͚ͷ$SZTUBM Ͳ͕ͬͪ༏ΕͯΔ͔ͱ͔ ͦ͏͍͏͠·ͤΜʂ
$SZTUBM͕ ੩తܕ͚ݴޠͱͯ͠ ͲͷΑ͏ʹಇ͔͘ ୶ʑͱݟ͍͖ͯ·͢ɻ
มͷఆٛ a = 3 b = "we are like crystal,
we break easy" c = [1, 2, 3] w มBͷܕ*OU w มCͷܕ4USJOH w มDͷܕ"SSBZ *OU มॳΊ͕ͯೖ͞Εͨͱ͖ʹએݴ͞ΕΔ
มͷఆٛ w มBͷܕ*OU w มCͷܕ4USJOH w มDͷܕ"SSBZ *OU มॳΊ͕ͯೖ͞Εͨͱ͖ʹએݴ͞ΕΔ a
= 3 b = "we are like crystal, we break easy" c = [1, 2, 3] ܕਪ 5ZQF*OGFSFODF
มͷ࠶ೖ ͜ΕͲ͏ͳΔʁ Τϥʔʹͳͬͯ͠·͏ͷʁ ͢Ͱʹએݴ͞Εͯܕ͕ܾ·͍ͬͯΔมʹೖ͢Δ a = "we are like crystal,
it is not easy" a = 100
มͷ࠶ೖ ผͷܕΛมʹೖͯ͠ΤϥʔʹͳΒͳ͍ มͷܕೖ͞ΕΔࣜ ʹΑͬͯܕਪ͞ΕΔ ͢Ͱʹએݴ͞Εͯܕ͕ܾ·͍ͬͯΔมʹೖ͢Δ a = "we are
like crystal, it is not easy" # ここで変数 a は String a = 100 # ここで変数 a は Int32
"SSBZͷܕ ͜ΕͲ͏ͳΔʁ ͍͚ͦ͏͡Όͳ͍ʁ *OUͷ"SSBZʹ4USJOHܕͷཁૉΛՃ͢Δ a = [1, 2, 3] a
<< "we are like crystal"
"SSBZͷܕ *OUͷ"SSBZʹ4USJOHܕͷཁૉΛՃ͢Δ a = [1, 2, 3] a << "we
are like crystal" no overload matches 'Array(Int32)#<<' with types String Overloads are: - Array(Int32)#<<(value : Int32) a << "we are like crystal" ^~ ͜Ε ίϯύΠϧΤϥʔ &SSPS
ۭͷ"SSBZ ܕΛࢦఆͤͣʹۭͷ"SSBZΛએݴ͢Δ͜ͱͰ͖ͳ͍ a = [] # Syntax Error a =
[] of Int32 # OK! ͱ͍͏͜ͱɺ ҟͳΔܕͷཁૉΛؚΉ"SSBZ ࡞Εͳ͍ʁ
6OJPOܕ "SSBZ(FOFSJDܕͰ͋Γɺ 6OJPOܕΛؚΉ ཁૉ ͷܕΛࢦఆͰ͖Δ )BTIͳͲɺଞͷίϯςφ ίϨΫγϣϯ ܕಉ༷ ܕͷΈ߹ΘͤΛදݱ͢Δ6OJPOܕ a
= [1, 2, 3, "we are like crystal"] #=> Array(String | Int32) a = [] of String | Int32 #=> Array(String | Int32)
(FOFSJDܕ ޙͰઆ໌͠·͢͠·ͤΜ
ϝιουݺͼग़͠ ͜ΕͲ͏ͳΔʁ Τϥʔʹͳͬͯ͠·͏ͷʁ ͋Δܕ Ϋϥε ʹଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ϝιουΛݺͼग़ͨ͠߹ a = 3 a.size
ϝιουݺͼग़͠ ͋Δܕ Ϋϥε ʹଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ϝιουΛݺͼग़ͨ͠߹ a = 3 a.size undefined method
'size' for Int32 a.size ^~~~ ͜Ε ίϯύΠϧΤϥʔ &SSPS
ϝιουҾ def put_size(x) puts x.size end put_size("crystal") put_size(5) undefined method
'size' for Int32 puts x.size ^~~~ &SSPS ҾͰ͞ΕͨΦϒδΣΫτʹϝιου͕ͳ͍
ܕ੍ def put_size(x : String) puts x.size end put_size(5) no
overload matches 'put_size' with types Int32 Overloads are: - put_size(x : String) put_size(5) ^~~~~~~~ &SSPS ҾʹܕΞϊςʔγϣϯΛࢦఆ͠ܕΛ੍͢Δ
ܕ੍͕͋Δͱ҆৺ͩͶʂ ҾͲΜͲΜܕ੍͠Α͏ʂ
3FϝιουҾ def put_size(x) puts x.size end put_size("crystal") put_size([1, 2, 3])
ҾͰ͞ΕͨΦϒδΣΫτʹϝιου͕͋Δ ͑ͬʁ
3FϝιουҾ def put_size(x) puts x.size end put_size("crystal") put_size([1, 2, 3])
ҾͰ͞ΕͨΦϒδΣΫτʹϝιου͕͋Δ 7 3 3FTVMU Τϥʔͳ͘ਖ਼ৗऴྃ͢Δ
3FϝιουҾ def put_size(x) puts x.size end put_size("crystal") put_size([1, 2, 3])
ҾͰ͞ΕͨΦϒδΣΫτʹϝιου͕͋Δ 7 3 3FTVMU Τϥʔͳ͘ਖ਼ৗऴྃ͢Δ ໌֬ʹܕ੍͕͞Ε͍ͯ ͳ͚Εɺ͋Δܕ͕ݺͼ ग़͞ΕΔϝιουʹԠ ͢Δͱ͖ɺίϯύΠϥͷ ܕνΣοΫ௨Δɻ
μοΫλΠϐϯάతͳܕγεςϜ ܕͦͷͷͦͷܧঝؔʹґଘ͠ͳ͍ɺ ॊೈੑΛ࣋ͬͨ੩తܕ͚ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ γάωΠνϟ͕ಛʹॏཁͰ͋Δͱ͍͏Ͱɺ 4USVDUVSBM4VCUZQJOH ߏత෦ܕ͚ ͱݴͬͯΑ͍͔
3F3FϝιουҾ def put_size(x) puts x.size end put_size("crystal") put_size(5) undefined method
'size' for Int32 puts x.size ^~~~ &SSPS ܕ੍Λ͠ͳͯ͘ίϯύΠϧ࣌ʹΤϥʔ͕ัଊ͞ΕΔ ෆඞཁͳܕ੍ ॊೈੑΛܽ͘
Πϯελϯεม Πϯελϯεมೖ͞ΕΔ͔Βܕਪ͞ΕΔ class Person getter name def initialize(@name) end end
barney = Person.new "Barney" barney.name #=> "Barney" barney.name.size #=> 6
barney = Person.new "Barney" barney.name.size one = Person.new 1 3FΠϯελϯεม
ΠϯελϯεมʹҟͳΔܕΛ༩͑ͯॳظԽ ͳΜ͔͓͔͍͠ͱ͋͜Δʁ
barney = Person.new "Barney" barney.name.size one = Person.new 1 3FΠϯελϯεม
ΠϯελϯεมʹҟͳΔܕΛ༩͑ͯॳظԽ undefined method 'size' for Int32 (compile-time type is (String | Int32)) barney.name.size #=> 4 ^~~~ ͜Ε ίϯύΠϧΤϥʔ &SSPS
JGWBSJT@B ʜ JT@B ͰܕΛνΣοΫ੍͠ݶ͢Δ if a.is_a?(String) # ここでは a が
# String で「ある」ことが保証される else # ここでは a が # String では「ない」ことが保証される end ίϯύΠϧ࣌ϦϑϨΫγϣϯʹΑΔܕͷอূ
JGWBSSFTQPOET@UP ʜ SFTQPOET@UP ͰԠΛνΣοΫ੍͠ݶ͢Δ if a.responds_to?(:size) # ここでは a が
# size に応答「する」ことが保証される else # ここでは a が # size に応答「しない」ことが保証される end ίϯύΠϧ࣌ϦϑϨΫγϣϯʹΑΔϝιουԠͷอূ
3F3FΠϯελϯεม JT@B SFTQPOET@UP Ͱ੍ݶ͢Δ if (name = barney.name).is_a?(String) name.size #=>
4 end if (name = barney.name).responds_to?(:size) name.size #=> 4 end Πϯελϯεมͷ߹ɺ্هͷΑ͏ʹҰมʹೖ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ
BT BTͰܕΛ੍ݶ͢Δ͜ͱͰ͖Δ name = barney.name as String name.size #=> 4
w BT࣮ߦ࣌ʹνΣοΫΛߦ͏ w ର͕4USJOHͰͳ͔ͬͨ߹ʹྫ֎͕ൃੜ w BTΩϟετͰͳ͍ ผͷܕͷม͠ͳ͍
OJMBCMF ͋Δܕ͕/JMܕΛ࣋ͭՄೳੑ a = [] of String? a.class #=> Array(String?)
a << "crystal" #=> ["crystal"] a << nil #=> ["crystal", nil] w 4USJOH ܕ͕/JMܕΛ࣋ͭ͜ͱΛҙຯ͢Δ w 4USJOHc/JM ͱ͍͏6OJPOܕͱಉ༷
OJMBCMFΠϯελϯεม JOJUJBMJ[FͰॳظԽ͞Εͳ͍Πϯελϯεม class Person getter name property address def initialize(@name)
end end barney = Person.new "Barney" barney.address = "Manchester" barney.address.size
OJMBCMFΠϯελϯεม JOJUJBMJ[FͰॳظԽ͞Εͳ͍Πϯελϯεม barney = Person.new "Barney" barney.address = "Manchester" barney.address.size
undefined method 'size' for Nil (compile-time type is String?) barney.address.size ^~~~ &SSPS ͜Ε ίϯύΠϧΤϥʔ JOJUJBMJ[FͰॳظԽ͞Εͳ͍Πϯελϯεม/JMܕΛ࣋ͭ
3FOJMBCMFΠϯελϯεม ΠϯελϯεมΛJOJUJBMJ[Fͷ֎ଆͰॳظԽ͢Δ class Person getter name property address @address =
"nowhere" def initialize(@name) end end barney = Person.new "Barney" barney.address = "Manchester" barney.address.size #=> 10
Πϯελϯεมͷܕࢦఆ ΠϯελϯεมΛܕΞϊςʔγϣϯͰࢦఆ͢Δ class Person … @address :: String … end
w !BEESFTTʹ4USJOHҎ֎ͷܕΛೖ͢ΔͱΤϥʔ w ܕͷσϑΥϧτଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ͷͰॳظԽඞཁ
·ͱΊ w $SZTUBM㱠3VCZ w தͰ੩తܕ͚ʹΑΔҧ͍ඇৗʹେ͖͍ ͦΕͰɺ We love Ruby's efficiency
for writing code. ͱ͍͏ͷ͕$SZTUBMͷग़ൃͷͭͰ͋ΔΑ͏ʹɺ 3VCZͷॊೈੑੜ࢈ੑɺؾ͍͍࣋ͪॻ͖ຯΛҡ࣋ͯ͠ ੩తܕ͚ʹ͠Α͏ͱ͢Δ͕ਵॴʹݟΒΕΔɻ
ͤͳ͔ͬͨͨͪ w (FOFSJDܕ (FOFSJDT w ྫ֎ॲཧͰͷܕਪͷಇ͖ w ΫϩʔδϟͰͷมͷܕ w
ϚΫϩʹ͓͚ΔܕใͷΞΫηε w UZQFPGɺ0CKFDUUSZͳͲͷϝιου w FUDFUD
IUUQKBDSZTUBMMBOHPSHEPDT ࠓͤͳ͔ͬͨ༰υΩϡϝϯτʹهࡌ͕͋Γ·͢
υΩϡϝϯτΛ͍ͭVQUPEBUFʹ͢ΔͨΊʹ ༁Λखͬͯ͘ΕΔํΛืू͍ͯ͠·͢ (JU)VC IUUQTHJUIVCDPNDSZTUBMKQKBDSZTUBMMBOHPSH (JUUFS IUUQTHJUUFSJNDSZTUBMKQKBDSZTUBMMBOHPSH ͘͠@5t111111·Ͱ͓Β͍ͤͩ͘͞ʂ 4MBDL IUUQDSZTUBMQJOFNPF
ຊεϥΠυதͷαϯϓϧίʔυ ͓Αͼͦͷग़ྗ༰ ͯ͢$SZTUBMͰ֬ೝ͍ͯ͠·͢ ͝੩ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ɻ