PERFMATTERS for Android - DroidCon Tunis 2016

The slogan '#PERFMATTERS' by Colt McAnlis is one of the most important statements, which an Android developer should follow. A well performing application makes the difference between a nice looking application and one, which gets successful. You, as an Android developer, have the responsibility to delight your users, so they don't feel how much work your application has to burden to fulfill the user's needs. This session will show you some easy optimizations and how to avoid glitches in the application. A lot of developers would shout, that this is premature optimization. In contrary it is preventive. With a small amount of work while developing you can avoid a lot of pitfalls. You will hopefully have a better understanding of the underlying system afterwards. During the session some tools and frameworks will be presented for helping you to fulfill your mission.

Transcript

1. Hasan Hosgel Co-Lead GDG Berlin Android #PERFMATTERS for Android
2. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Why we are developers?
3. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Why we are developers? ESPECIALLY ANDROID
4. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/theinfamousgdub/1765952198
5. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN We are smart! Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/theinfamousgdub/1765952198
6. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Source: http://giphy.com/gifs/apple-looney-tunes-android-4A41Wn7C32RiM
7. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN We Love Android! Source: http://giphy.com/gifs/apple-looney-tunes-android-4A41Wn7C32RiM
8. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Source: Photo by Sujaki-F
9. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN We have Passion! Source: Photo by Sujaki-F
10. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN We have Passion! Source: Photo by Sujaki-F
11. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN We have Passion! Source: Photo by Sujaki-F We Love Challenges
12. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/68751915@N05/6793826885
13. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN We Love Money Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/68751915@N05/6793826885
14. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Source: http://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/geral/foto/2014-07/cerimonia-de-premiacao-da-copa-do-mundo-no-brasil
15. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN We love to delight our users Source: http://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/geral/foto/2014-07/cerimonia-de-premiacao-da-copa-do-mundo-no-brasil
16. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations
17. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations • Mobile App Users are impatient Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
18. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations • Mobile App Users are impatient • 61% app start < 4 s Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
19. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations • Mobile App Users are impatient • 61% app start < 4 s • 49% app start < 2 s Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
20. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations • Mobile App Users are impatient • 61% app start < 4 s • 49% app start < 2 s • Users are intolerant of issues and are quick to uninstall mobile apps Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
21. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations • Mobile App Users are impatient • 61% app start < 4 s • 49% app start < 2 s • Users are intolerant of issues and are quick to uninstall mobile apps • 80% three attempts or less Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
22. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations • Mobile App Users are impatient • 61% app start < 4 s • 49% app start < 2 s • Users are intolerant of issues and are quick to uninstall mobile apps • 80% three attempts or less • 53% apps with severe issues like crashes, freezes or errors Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
23. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations • Mobile App Users are impatient • 61% app start < 4 s • 49% app start < 2 s • Users are intolerant of issues and are quick to uninstall mobile apps • 80% three attempts or less • 53% apps with severe issues like crashes, freezes or errors • 36% heavy battery usage Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
24. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations
25. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations • Users blame the app and the company who made it Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
26. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations • Users blame the app and the company who made it • 55% app is responsible for performance issues Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
27. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN User Expectations • Users blame the app and the company who made it • 55% app is responsible for performance issues • 37% Stated that app crashes or errors make them think less of a company’s brand Source: https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf
28. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN • 500 ms delay • bounce rate -4.7% -- conversion rate -1.9% • 1,000 ms delay • bounce rate -8.3% -- Conversion rate -3.5% • 100ms delay mean for Amazon -1% revenue • 11% scream at there device • 4 % throw their phones Performance Impacts Source: http://www.mobilejoomla.com/media/press/responsive-vs-serverside/Responsive-Design-vs-Server-Side-Solutions- Infographic.jpg http://giphy.com/gifs/reactiongifs-angry-time-1306MTkHlXkUZG http://giphy.com/gifs/homer-simpson-fat-mumu-Sm8Ec3ddRWXa8
29. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Performance Impacts
30. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Performance Impacts • 500 ms delay Source: http://www.mobilejoomla.com/media/press/responsive-vs-serverside/Responsive-Design-vs-Server-Side-Solutions- Infographic.jpg
31. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Performance Impacts • 500 ms delay • bounce rate -4.7% -- conversion rate -1.9% Source: http://www.mobilejoomla.com/media/press/responsive-vs-serverside/Responsive-Design-vs-Server-Side-Solutions- Infographic.jpg
32. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Performance Impacts • 500 ms delay • bounce rate -4.7% -- conversion rate -1.9% • 1,000 ms delay Source: http://www.mobilejoomla.com/media/press/responsive-vs-serverside/Responsive-Design-vs-Server-Side-Solutions- Infographic.jpg
33. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Performance Impacts • 500 ms delay • bounce rate -4.7% -- conversion rate -1.9% • 1,000 ms delay • bounce rate -8.3% -- Conversion rate -3.5% Source: http://www.mobilejoomla.com/media/press/responsive-vs-serverside/Responsive-Design-vs-Server-Side-Solutions- Infographic.jpg
34. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Performance Impacts • 500 ms delay • bounce rate -4.7% -- conversion rate -1.9% • 1,000 ms delay • bounce rate -8.3% -- Conversion rate -3.5% • 100ms delay mean for Amazon -1% revenue Source: http://www.mobilejoomla.com/media/press/responsive-vs-serverside/Responsive-Design-vs-Server-Side-Solutions- Infographic.jpg
35. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Performance Impacts • 500 ms delay • bounce rate -4.7% -- conversion rate -1.9% • 1,000 ms delay • bounce rate -8.3% -- Conversion rate -3.5% • 100ms delay mean for Amazon -1% revenue • 11% scream at there device Source: http://www.mobilejoomla.com/media/press/responsive-vs-serverside/Responsive-Design-vs-Server-Side-Solutions- Infographic.jpg
36. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Performance Impacts • 500 ms delay • bounce rate -4.7% -- conversion rate -1.9% • 1,000 ms delay • bounce rate -8.3% -- Conversion rate -3.5% • 100ms delay mean for Amazon -1% revenue • 11% scream at there device • 4 % throw their phones Source: http://www.mobilejoomla.com/media/press/responsive-vs-serverside/Responsive-Design-vs-Server-Side-Solutions- Infographic.jpg https://www.flickr.com/photos/9009139@N08/1263954439
37. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN
38. Let‘s find some performance improvements
39. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O
40. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O
41. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Keep the work of the main thread  ANR
42. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Keep the work of the main thread  ANR • Avoid GPU overdrawings
43. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Keep the work of the main thread  ANR • Avoid GPU overdrawings • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T52v50r-JfE
44. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Keep the work of the main thread  ANR • Avoid GPU overdrawings • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T52v50r-JfE • Avoid nested multi-pass layouts
45. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Keep the work of the main thread  ANR • Avoid GPU overdrawings • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T52v50r-JfE • Avoid nested multi-pass layouts • http://goo.gl/Q5te24
46. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Keep the work of the main thread  ANR • Avoid GPU overdrawings • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T52v50r-JfE • Avoid nested multi-pass layouts • http://goo.gl/Q5te24 • Consider RenderScript for performance critical code
47. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O
48. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Do not allocate memory inside onDraw()
49. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Do not allocate memory inside onDraw() • Avoid Leaks
50. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN LeakCanary to the Rescue https://github.com/square/leakcanary
51. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Setup LeakCanary debugCompile 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-android:1.3.1' releaseCompile 'com.squareup.leakcanary:leakcanary-android-no-op:1.3.1’ build.gradle public class DcTnApplication extends Application { @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); LeakCanary.install(this); } } DcTnApplication.java
52. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Use Your Debug Build Normally
53. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Analyze Memory
54. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Analyze Heap Dump
55. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Analyze Heap Dump
56. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Analyze Heap Dump since AS 1.5
57. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Analyze Memory
58. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Do not allocate memory inside onDraw() • Avoid Leaks • Avoid listener  EventBus
59. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Do not allocate memory inside onDraw() • Avoid Leaks • Avoid listener  EventBus • Use SparseArray* family instead of JDK Collections/ Maps
60. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Do not allocate memory inside onDraw() • Avoid Leaks • Avoid listener  EventBus • Use SparseArray* family instead of JDK Collections/ Maps • Be aware that enums need more resource, but use them, if it will make sense for you
61. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O
62. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Activate gzip compression on incoming and outgoing network traffic or FlatBuffer
63. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Analyze First Start
64. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Analyze Second Start
65. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Analyze Second Start
66. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Activate gzip compression on incoming and outgoing network traffic or FlatBuffer • Cache data on disk (image, http responses) with reasonable TTL
67. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Finally Second Start
68. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Activate gzip compression on incoming and outgoing network traffic or FlatBuffer • Cache data on disk (image, http responses) with reasonable TTL • Server side cache headers like ETag & Last- Modified
69. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Possible improvements CPU Memory I/O • Activate gzip compression on incoming and outgoing network traffic or FlatBuffer • Cache data on disk (image, http responses) with reasonable TTL • Server side cache headers like ETag & Last- Modified • Use JobScheduler API to batch across system or better use push notifications for update information
70. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/16210667@N02/9172895225
71. Optimizing ArrayList
72. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing ArrayList public List<String> getDcTnNames(List<Attendee> attendees) { List<String> names = new ArrayList<>(); for (Attendee attendee : attendees) { names.add(attendee.name); } return names; } JAVA
73. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing ArrayList public List<String> getDcTnNames(List<Attendee> attendees) { List<String> names = new ArrayList<>(attendees.size()); for (Attendee attendee : attendees) { names.add(attendee.name); } return names; } JAVA
74. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing ArrayList @Override public boolean add(E object) { Object[] a = array; int s = size; if (s == a.length) { Object[] newArray = new Object[s + (s < (MIN_CAPACITY_INCREMENT / 2) ? MIN_CAPACITY_INCREMENT : s >> 1)]; System.arraycopy(a, 0, newArray, 0, s); array = a = newArray; } a[s] = object; size = s + 1; modCount++; return true; } JAVA
75. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing ArrayList void addDcTnSpeaker(ArrayList<String> attendees, List<String> speakers) { for (String speaker : speakers) { attendees.add(speaker); } } JAVA
76. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing ArrayList void addDcTnSpeaker(ArrayList<String> attendees, List<String> speakers) { attendees.ensureCapacity(attendees.size() + speakers.size()); for (String speaker : speakers) { attendees.add(speaker); } } JAVA
77. Optimizing Bundle
78. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing Bundle public static DcTnScheduleFragment instance(int startMode) { final DcTnScheduleFragment fragment = new DcTnScheduleFragment(); final Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putInt(START_MODE, startMode); fragment.setArguments(bundle); return fragment; } JAVA
79. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing Bundle public static DcTnScheduleFragment instance(int startMode) { final DcTnScheduleFragment fragment = new DcTnScheduleFragment(); final Bundle bundle = new Bundle(1); bundle.putInt(START_MODE, startMode); fragment.setArguments(bundle); return fragment; } JAVA
80. Optimizing StringBuilder
81. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing StringBuilder public StringBuilder getDcTnNames(List<String> names) { StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); for (String name : names) { if (builder.length() > 0) { builder.append(", "); } builder.append(name); } return builder; } JAVA
82. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing StringBuilder public StringBuilder getDcTnNames(List<String> names) { StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(names.size() * 13); for (String name : names) { if (builder.length() > 0) { builder.append(", "); } builder.append(name); } return builder; } JAVA
83. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing StringBuilder final void append0(char[] chars) { int newCount = count + chars.length; if (newCount > value.length) { enlargeBuffer(newCount); } System.arraycopy(chars, 0, value, count, chars.length); count = newCount; } JAVA
84. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing StringBuilder public StringBuilder addDcTnOrganizer(StringBuilder names, List<String> organizers) { names.ensureCapacity(names.length() + organizers.size() * 13); for (String organizer : organizers) { if (names.length() > 0) { names.append(", "); } names.append(organizer); } } JAVA
85. Optimizing Loops
86. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing Moar – The Loop public StringBuilder addDcTnOrganizer(StringBuilder names, List<String> organizers) { names.ensureCapacity(names.length() + organizers.size() * 13); for (String organizer : organizers) { if (names.length() > 0) { names.append(", "); } names.append(organizer); } } JAVA
87. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing Moar – The Loop public StringBuilder addDcTnOrganizer(StringBuilder names, List<String> organizers) { names.ensureCapacity(names.length() + organizers.size() * 13); for (int i = 0; i < organizers.size(); i++) { String organizer = organizers.get(i); if (names.length() > 0) { names.append(", "); } names.append(organizer); } } JAVA
88. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing Moar – The Loop public StringBuilder addDcTnOrganizer(StringBuilder names, List<String> organizers) { names.ensureCapacity(names.length() + organizers.size() * 13); for (int i = 0, organizersSize = organizers.size(); i < organizersSize; i++) { String organizer = organizers.get(i); if (names.length() > 0) { names.append(", "); } names.append(organizer); } } JAVA
89. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing Moar – The Loop public StringBuilder addDcTnOrganizer(StringBuilder names, List<String> organizers) { final int size = organizers.size(); names.ensureCapacity(names.length() + size * 13); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { String organizer = organizers.get(i); if (names.length() > 0) { names.append(", "); } names.append(organizer); } } JAVA
90. Optimizing Method invocations
91. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing Much Moar – Method Invocation public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState); text.setTextColor(attendee.isOrganizer() ? getResources().getColor(R.color.accent) : getResources().getColor(R.color.black)); avatar.setImageResource(attendee.getAvatar()); welcomeText.setText(getString( R.string.hello_world, attendee.name)); } JAVA
92. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing Much Moar – Method Invocation public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState); final Resources res = getResources(); text.setTextColor(attendee.isOrganizer() ? res.getColor(R.color.accent) : res.getColor(R.color.black)); avatar.setImageResource(attendee.getAvatar()); welcomeText.setText(getString( R.string.hello_world, attendee.name)); } JAVA
93. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing Much Moar – Method Invocation public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState); final Resources res = getResources(); text.setTextColor(attendee.isOrganizer() ? res.getColor(R.color.accent) : res.getColor(R.color.black)); avatar.setImageResource(attendee.getAvatar()); welcomeText.setText(res.getString( R.string.hello_world, attendee.name)); } JAVA
94. Optimizing Access Methods
95. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing Access Methods private Attendee attendee; public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) { button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { makeText(getContext(), getWelcomeTextFor(attendee.getName()), LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } private String getWelcomeTextFor(String name) { return getResources().getString(R.string.welcome_text, name); } JAVA
96. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Finding Access Methods https://github.com/JakeWharton/dex-method-list $ ./build/dex-method-list src/test/resources/one.apk … package.DcTnScheduleFragment access$000(DcTnScheduleFragment ) package.DcTnScheduleFragment access$100(DcTnScheduleFragment , String) … CL
97. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Optimizing Access Methods Attendee attendee; public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) { button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { makeText(getContext(), getWelcomeTextFor(attendee.getName()), LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } String getWelcomeTextFor(String name) { return getResources().getString(R.string.welcome_text, name); } JAVA
98. Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/marcus_t_ward/10715983613
99. Source: http://www.bhmpics.com/success_kid-wallpapers.html
100. Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/21496790@N06/5065834411/
101. Hasan Hosgel #DcTn Contact: +HasanHosgel alosdev Thanks for attending! https://speakerdeck.com/alosdev/perfmatters-for- android-droidcon-tunis-2016
106. Hasan Hosgel #DcTn Contact: +HasanHosgel alosdev Thanks for attending! https://speakerdeck.com/alosdev/perfmatters-for- android-droidcon-tunis-2016
107. Hasan Hosgel #DroidConTN Sources • https://ssl.www8.hp.com/ww/en/secure/pdf/4aa5-7696enw.pdf • http://www.mobilejoomla.com/media/press/responsive-vs-serverside/Responsive- Design-vs-Server-Side-Solutions-Infographic.jpg • https://speakerdeck.com/jakewharton/eliminating-code-overhead-square-hq-2015 • http://periplanisi.com/android/2013/11/multi-pass-viewgroup-and-performance/ • https://slideshare.net/dougsillars/android-app-performance-europe-2015 • https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLWz5rJ2EKKc9CBxr3BVjPTPoDPLdPIFCE