lifecycle activities (e.g. security, policies, traffic routing) • Works well in smaller, less complex environments • Limitations: ◦ Reduced scalability ◦ Slower response times to changes ◦ Potential bottlenecks as the organisation grows • Multiple gateways across different regions or departments, each capable to enforcing policies and handling API traffic locally • Enhances scalability, flexibility, and allows tailored API policies for specific needs without compromising overall governance • Advantages: ◦ Higher agility ◦ Better suited for global or multi-cloud enterprises. Centralised Federated API Management Flavour Comparison