05-turing-test.pdf

Transcript

1. Can machines really think? The Turing Test and the Chinese Room George Matthews CC 2017
2. From Functionalism to AI
3. From Functionalism to AI
4. From Functionalism to AI If minds are really just programs running in our human hardware, then it should be possible to build a thinking machine, an Artificial Intelligence, shouldn’t it?
5. Possibilities
6. Possibilities
7. Possibilities Logical: there is no contradiction in the idea of a thinking machine.
8. Possibilities Logical: there is no contradiction in the idea of a thinking machine. Physical: thinking machines do not violate the laws of physics.
9. Possibilities Logical: there is no contradiction in the idea of a thinking machine. Physical: thinking machines do not violate the laws of physics. Technological: we know how to actually build a thinking machine.
10. Possibilities Logical: there is no contradiction in the idea of a thinking machine. Physical: thinking machines do not violate the laws of physics. Technological: we know how to actually build a thinking machine. Social/Moral: there is no strong reason we should not build a thinking machine.
11. The Turing Test
12. The Turing Test How can we tell whether a machine is intelligent?
13. The Turing Test How can we tell whether a machine is intelligent? ! Don’t we have to define intelligence first?
14. The Turing Test How can we tell whether a machine is intelligent? ! Don’t we have to define intelligence first? ! Don’t we have to “reverse engineer” ourselves to build an intelligent machine?
15. The Turing Test How can we tell whether a machine is intelligent? ! Don’t we have to define intelligence first? ! Don’t we have to “reverse engineer” ourselves to build an intelligent machine? Turing’s answer: we do not need to define intelligence.
16. The Turing Test How can we tell whether a machine is intelligent? ! Don’t we have to define intelligence first? ! Don’t we have to “reverse engineer” ourselves to build an intelligent machine? Turing’s answer: we do not need to define intelligence. We just need to talk to a machine and not be able to tell its answers apart from human answers.
17. The Chinese Room
18. The Chinese Room Searle doesn’t understand Chinese.
19. The Chinese Room Searle doesn’t understand Chinese. The instruction book enables the room to pass the Turing Test.
20. The Chinese Room Searle doesn’t understand Chinese. The instruction book enables the room to pass the Turing Test. Computers function like this.
21. The Chinese Room Searle doesn’t understand Chinese. The instruction book enables the room to pass the Turing Test. Computers function like this. So Artificial Intelligence is impossible.
22. Making sense of language
23. Making sense of language
24. Making sense of language Syntax
25. Making sense of language Syntax Rules for transforming symbols.
26. Making sense of language Syntax Rules for transforming symbols. “To form the past tense, add an ED to the end of the infinitive form of the verb.”
27. Making sense of language Syntax Rules for transforming symbols. “To form the past tense, add an ED to the end of the infinitive form of the verb.” Computers are good at manipulating symbols according to rules.
28. Making sense of language Syntax Rules for transforming symbols. “To form the past tense, add an ED to the end of the infinitive form of the verb.” Computers are good at manipulating symbols according to rules. Semantics
29. Making sense of language Syntax Rules for transforming symbols. “To form the past tense, add an ED to the end of the infinitive form of the verb.” Computers are good at manipulating symbols according to rules. Semantics The meaning of the words we use.
30. Making sense of language Syntax Rules for transforming symbols. “To form the past tense, add an ED to the end of the infinitive form of the verb.” Computers are good at manipulating symbols according to rules. Semantics The meaning of the words we use. “Hund” means “perro” in English.
31. Making sense of language Syntax Rules for transforming symbols. “To form the past tense, add an ED to the end of the infinitive form of the verb.” Computers are good at manipulating symbols according to rules. Semantics The meaning of the words we use. “Hund” means “perro” in English. Can computers grasp meanings?