Finding Laravel Best Practices in 2018

Transcript

1. LaravelͰ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔ γϣϯΛͭ͘Δͱ͖ͷϕετϓϥ ΫςΟεΛ୳Δ in 2018 Cloud Developer - Laravel #1
 nunulk
2. ຊ೔ͷτϐοΫ  ࣗݾ঺հ
    -BSBWFMͷಛ௕ʹ͍ͭͯ
    -BSBWFMͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ֓ཁ
    -BSBWFMͰ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛͭ͘Δͱ͖ͷϕετ ϓϥΫςΟεΛ୳Δ
3. ຊ೔ͷΰʔϧ  -BSBWFM
   ͷਓؾͷཧ༝Λ஌Δ
    -BSBWFM
   ͷΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ஌Δ
    -BSBWFM
   Ͱ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛͭ͘Δͱ͖ͷΑΓ Α͍ઃܭɾ࣮૷ࢦ਑ΛΠϝʔδͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ
4. ࣗݾ঺հ <?php $I->am('nunulk(͵͵Δ͘)')
 ->workAs('a freelance programmer') ->tackleComplexityOfSoftware() ->with([ 'Laravel',
 ‘Vue.js’, ]);
5. DogHuggy
6. SCOUTER
7. Laravelͷಛ௕
8. Laravelͷಛ௕
9. Laravelͷಛ௕
10. Laravelͷಛ௕ l5IF
    1)1
    'SBNFXPSL
    'PS
    8FC
    "SUJTBOTz
    w ΦʔϧΠϯύοέʔδ
    w ߴ͍ੜ࢈ੑ
    w ׆ൃͳίϛϡχςΟ
11. Laravelͷಛ௕ w 3VCZ
    PO
    3BJMT4JOBUSB
    ʹӨڹΛड͚͍ͯΔ
    ‣ &MPRVFOU
    03.ɺΫϩʔδϟϕʔεͷϧʔςΟϯά ɺFUD
    w ಺෦Ͱଟ͘ͷ
    4ZNGPOZ
    ίϯϙʔωϯτΛར༻͠ɺ֦ு͠ ͍ͯΔ
    ‣ 3FRVFTU
    3FTQPOTF
    $PNNBOE
    FUD
    w ๛෋ͳϔϧύʔΫϥε
    ‣ 'BDBEF
    $PMMFDUJPO
    'MVFOU
    0QUJPOBM
    FUD
12. Laravelͷಛ௕ w 7VFKT
    Λࠝแ͍ͯ͠Δ
    ‣ -BSBWFM
    .JYͰϏϧυઃఆΛ؆ૉԽɺϔϧύʔؔ਺Λఏڙ
    w ๛෋ͳΦϑΟγϟϧύοέʔδ
    ‣ $BTIJFS
    &OWPZ
    1BTTQPSU
    4PDJBMJUF
    FUD
    w ૉૣ͍ϦϦʔεαΠΫϧ
    ‣ ͓Αͦ൒೥ʹճ
    ‣ -54͸೥
13. LaravelͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ֓ཁ
14. Router Middleware Request Kernel Controller Response Model Event Job View Resource
15. Routing 
 Route::get('/', function () { return view('welcome'); }); Auth::routes(); Route::get('/home', 'HomeController@index')->name('home');
16. Middleware public function handle($request, Closure $next, $guard = null) { if (Auth::guard($guard)->check()) { return redirect('/home'); } return $next($request); }
17. Request public function authorize() { return true; } public function rules() { return [ 'subject' => 'required', 'priority' => ‘required|in:high,normal,low’, 'status' => ‘required|in:open,in_progress,close’, 'due_to' => ‘nullable|date', ‘assigned_to' => ‘nullable|exists:users,id’, 'description' => 'nullable|max:800', ]; }
18. Controller public function create(CreateTaskRequest $request) { $task = new Task(); $task->subject = $request->input('subject'); $task->assigned_to = $request->input(‘assigned_to'); $task->priority = $request->input('priority'); $task->status = $request->input('status'); $task->due_to = $request->input('due_to'); $task->description = $request->input('description'); $task->created_by = Auth::id(); $task->save();
 return new JsonResponse($task, Response::HTTP_CREATED); }
19. Event public function create(CreateTaskRequest $request) { $task = new Task();
 // (snip)
 $task->save();
 TaskCreated::dispatch($task);
 return new JsonResponse($task, Response::HTTP_CREATED); }
20. EventListener public function handle(TaskCreatedEvent $event) { $assignee = $event->task->assignee; if (is_null($assignee)) { return; } $assignee->notify(new TaskCreated($event->task)); }
21. LaravelͰ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ Λͭ͘Δͱ͖ͷϕετϓϥΫςΟεΛ ୳Δ
23. ϕετϓϥΫςΟεͷ୳͠ํ •ϕετϓϥΫςΟε͸έʔεόΠέʔε
    •͕ͩɺ͋Δ͍ͯͲ͸ύλʔϯԽͰ͖Δ
    •ࣗ෼ʢνʔϜʣͷதͰɺج४ΛఆΊ͓ͯ͘͜ͱ͕େࣄ
    •ܦݧ΍஌ࣝΛ૿΍͠ɺΞοϓσʔτ͍ͯ͘͠
    •ҙࣝ෇͚ͱͯ͠͸ʮϕετʯͰ͸ͳ͘ʮϕλʔʯ
24. ϕετϓϥΫςΟεͷ୳͠ํ 1.Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ࡞๏ʹ߹ΘͤΔ
    2.Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩมߋ༰қੑ͕ߴ͘ͳΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ
    3.Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩτϦοΩʔʹͳΒͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ
25. ϕετϓϥΫςΟεͷ୳͠ํ 1.Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ࡞๏ʹ߹ΘͤΔ
    ‣ ެࣜυΩϡϝϯτͷίʔυΛਅࣅΔ
    ‣ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷઃܭࢥ૝Λཧղ͢Δ
    ‣ Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷৼΔ෣͍Λม͑ͳ͍
26. ϕετϓϥΫςΟεͷ୳͠ํ 1.Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ࡞๏ʹ߹ΘͤΔ
    2.Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩมߋ༰қੑ͕ߴ͘ͳΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ
    ‣ ਆΫϥεΛͭ͘Βͳ͍
    ‣ ґଘؔ܎ΛͰ͖Δ͚ͩগͳ͘͢Δ
    ‣ ςετΛॻ͖΍͍͢Α͏ʹ͢Δ
27. ϕετϓϥΫςΟεͷ୳͠ํ 1.Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ࡞๏ʹ߹ΘͤΔ
    2.Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩมߋ༰қੑ͕ߴ͘ͳΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ
    3.Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩτϦοΩʔʹͳΒͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ
    ‣ Ͱ͖Δ͚ͩՄಡੑߴ͘ॻ͚ΔΑ͏ʹઃܭ͢Δ
    ‣ ໎ͬͨΒγϯϓϧͳํΛબ୒͢Δ
    ‣ τϦοΩʔͳॲཧ͸ӅṭʢہॴԽʣ͢Δ
28. λεΫ؅ཧΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛྫʹ
    Ұॹʹߟ͑ͯΈ·͠ΐ͏
29. λεΫΛੜ੒͢Δͱ͖ͷόϦσʔγϣϯ
30. Request (before) public function authorize() { return true; } public function rules() { return [ 'subject' => 'required', 'priority' => ‘required|in:high,normal,low’, 'status' => ‘required|in:open,in_progress,close’, 'due_to' => ‘nullable|date', ‘assigned_to' => ‘nullable|exists:users,id’, 'description' => 'nullable|max:800', ]; }
31. Request (after) // CreateTaskRequest public function authorize() { return true; } public function rules() { return [ ‘subject' => ‘required|max:255’, 'priority' => ['required', Rule::in(Priority::values())], 'status' => ['required', Rule::in(Status::values())], 'due_to' => ‘nullable|date’, ‘assigned_to' => ‘nullable|exists:users,id’, 'description' => ‘nullable|max:800', ]; }
32. Request w όϦσʔγϣϯʹ͓͍ͯɺྻڍܕͷ஋͕ଥ౰͔Ͳ͏͔͸
    3VMFJO
    Λ࢖ͬͯɺϞσϧ͔Βऔಘ͢ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ
33. ΤϯςΟςΟΛੜ੒͢Δͱ͖ͷ
    $POUSPMMFSͱ3FRVFTUͱͷ࿈ܞ
34. Controller (before) public function create(CreateTaskRequest $request) { $task = new Task(); $task->subject = $request->input('subject'); $task->assigned_to = $request->input(‘assigned_to'); $task->priority = $request->input('priority'); $task->status = $request->input('status'); $task->due_to = $request->input('due_to'); $task->description = $request->input('description'); $task->created_by = Auth::id(); $task->save();
 return new JsonResponse($task, Response::HTTP_CREATED); }
35. Controller (after) public function create(CreateTaskRequest $request) { $task = $request->makeTask(); $task->save();
 return response()->json($task, Response::HTTP_CREATED); }
36. Controller (after) class CreateTaskRequest extends FormRequest { public function makeTask(): Task { return new Task([
 ‘created_by' => $this->user()->id
 + $this->validated()
 ]); } }
37. Controller (before) public function show($id) { $task = Task::findOrFail($id); // snip return $task; }
38. Controller (after) public function show(Task $task) {
 // snip return $task; }
39. Controller w ΤϯςΟςΟͷϓϩύςΟ͸ɺͰ͖Δ͚ͩ·ͱΊͯ 3FRVFTU
    ͔Βऔಘ͠ɺมߋՕॴΛগͳ͘͢ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ
    w ϞσϧόΠϯσΟϯάΛੵۃతʹ࢖͍͖ͬͯ·͠ΐ͏
40. &WFOU+PC/PUJpDBUJPO
 ͷ࢖͍෼͚ͱ໋໊
41. Event/Job/Notification public function create(CreateTaskRequest $request) { $task = $request->makeTask();
 $task->save();
 TaskCreated::dispatch($task);
 return response()->json($task, Response::HTTP_CREATED); }
42. EventListener (before) public function handle(TaskCreatedEvent $event) { UpdateTaskAggregates::dispatch($task);
 $assignee = $event->task->assignee; if (is_null($assignee)) { return; } $assignee->notify(new TaskCreated($event->task)); }
43. EventListener (after) protected $listen = [ 'App\Events\TaskCreated' => [ 'App\Listeners\Task\UpdateTaskAggregates', 'App\Listeners\Task\SendTaskCreatedNotification', ], ];
44. EventListener (after) class UpdateTaskAggregates implements ShouldQueue { public function handle(TaskCreatedEvent $event) { UpdateTaskAggregatesJob::dispatch($task);
 } }
 
 class SendTaskCreatedNotification implements ShouldQueue { public function handle(TaskCreatedEvent $event) { $assignee = $event->task->assignee; if (is_null($assignee)) { return; } $assignee->notify(new TaskCreated($event->task)); } }
45. Event/Job/Notification w ॲཧ్͕தͰࣦഊ͢Δ͜ͱΛߟྀ͠ɺಉҰϦεφͰෳ਺ͷ ॲཧΛͤͣɺϦεφΛ෼͚Δ
    w &WFOU
    ͸
    $POUSPMMFS
    ʹରԠ͢ΔΑ͏ʹ໋໊͢Δʢݱࡏ෼ࢺ ܕͰऴΘΔΑ͏ʹʣ
 ྫʣ5BTL$SFBUF$POUSPMMFS
    
    5BTL$SFBUFE
    w +PC
    ͸ৼΔ෣͍͕ࣝผ͢ΔΑ͏ʹ໋໊͢Δʢಈࢺ͔Β࢝Ί Δʣ
 ྫʣ6QEBUF5BTL"HHSFHBUFT
    w /PUJpDBUJPO
    ͸
    &WFOU
    ͱಉ໋໊͡
46. &MPRVFOU
    ͰΫΤϦΛ૊ΈཱͯΔ
47. Model (before) 
 public function search(SearchTaskRequest $request) { $query = Task::latest(); $priority = $request->input('priority'); if ($priority) { $query->where('priority', $priority); } $dueToFrom = $request->input(‘due_to.from'); if ($dueToFrom) { $query->where('due_to', ‘>=‘, $dueToFrom); } $dueToTo = $request->input(‘due_to.to’); if ($dueToTo) { $query->where('due_to', ‘<=‘, $dueToTo); } return $query->get(); }
48. Model (after) 
 class SearchTaskQueryBuilder { private $params; public function __construct(array $params) { $this->params = $params; } public function build(Builder $builder): Builder { // ͜͜ͰΫΤϦΛϏϧυ͢Δ
 } }

49. Model (after) 
 // Task public function scopeSearch(
 Builder $query, SearchTaskQueryBuilder $builder) { return $builder->build($query); }
 
 // Task\SearchTaskController
 public function __invoke(SearchTaskRequest $request) { return Task::search($request->createQueryBuilder())->get(); }
50. Model w υϝΠϯ಺ͰҙຯΛ࣋ͭΫΤϦͷ࣮૷͸ΫΤϦείʔϓϝ ιουʹด͡ࠐΊΔ
    w ΫΤϦͷߏங͕ෳࡶʹͳͬͨΒɺଞͷΫϥεʹ೚ͤΔ͜ ͱ΋Ͱ͖Δ
51. ΞΫηαͱϛϡʔςʔλΛ࢖͏
52. Model (before) $ php artisan tinker Psy Shell v0.9.7 (PHP 7.1.16 — cli) by Justin Hileman >>> dump($task->priority) => "normal"
53. Model (after) $ php artisan tinker Psy Shell v0.9.7 (PHP 7.1.16 — cli) by Justin Hileman >>> dump($task->priority) App\Models\Task\Priority {#2878 #value: "normal" }
54. Model (after) // Task /** * @param $value * @return Priority * @throws \UnexpectedValueException */ public function getPriorityAttribute(string $value): Priority { return new Priority($value); } /** * @param Priority $priority * @return void */ public function setPriorityAttribute(Priority $priority) { $this->attributes['priority'] = $priority->getValue(); }
55. Model w ΞΫηαͱϛϡʔςʔλΛ࢖ͬͯϓϩύςΟΛϓϦϛςΟ ϒܕ͔ΒυϝΠϯͷܕ΁ॻ͖׵͑Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ
    w ΞΫηαΛར༻ͯ͠ɺࢉग़ϓϩύςΟΛѻ͏͜ͱ΋Ͱ͖Δ
56. %*αʔϏείϯςφ
57. DI (before) 
 class ExternalItsController extends Controller { private $issueTracker; public function __construct() { $this->issueTracker = new GitHub(); } public function index() { // snip
 } }

58. DI (after) 
 class ExternalItsController extends Controller { private $issueTracker; public function __construct(IssueTracker $issueTracker) { $this->issueTracker = $issueTracker; } public function index() {
 $issueTracker = app(IssueTracker::class); // snip
 } }

59. DI (after) class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider { public function register() { $this->app->bind(IssueTracker::class, function () { return new GitHub(); }); } }
60. DI (after) class AppServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider { public function register() { $this->app ->when(ExternalItsController::class) ->needs(IssueTracker::class) ->give(function () { return new GitHub(); }); } }
61. ͦͷଞ
62. ͦͷଞ w 1)16OJU
    Λ֦ுͯ͠ɺςετͷ͠΍͕͢͞Ξοϓ͍ͯ͠Δ
    w γϯϓϧͳ͕Β΋πϘΛԡ͑ͨ͞#MBEFςϯϓϨʔτΤϯ δϯ
    w "SSɺ4USɺ$PMMFDUJPO
    ͳͲͷศརͳϔϧύʔΫϥε΍ؔ਺
    ͳͲͳͲ
    ͝ڵຯ͋Δํ͸ௐ΂ͯΈ͍ͯͩ͘͞
63. ·ͱΊ
64. ·ͱΊ w ·ͣ͸-BSBWFMͰͳʹ͕Ͱ͖Δͷ͔Λ஌Δ
    w ෳ਺ͷબ୒ࢶͷத͔Βɺzϕλʔzͱ൑அͨ͠΋ͷΛબͿ
    w ೔ʑ஌ࣝ΍ܦݧΛ΋ͱʹΞοϓσʔτ͍ͯ͘͠