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破綻しない Vue.js アプリケーション開発のために大切なこと / How to make ...
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potato4d(Takuma HANATANI)
October 15, 2018
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破綻しない Vue.js アプリケーション開発のために大切なこと / How to make a robust Vue.js application
2018/10/15 に JSLounge の活動として UUUM株式会社様で行った発表のスライドです。
potato4d(Takuma HANATANI)
October 15, 2018
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Transcript
ഁ͠ͳ͍ Vue.js ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ։ൃͷͨΊʹ େͳ͜ͱ 2018.09.15 HANATANI Takuma
Profile • Ֆ୩ ຏ as known as potato4d • Vue.js
/ Nuxt.js Japanese Document • Translator / maintainer • Vue.js Japan user group • Staff / Vue Fes Japan 2018 staff • Nuxt.js beginners guide author
What's JSLounge produced by ElevenBack ? ΦϑϥΠϯΠϕϯτ ΦϯϥΠϯڭࡐఏڙ اۀ͚ߨश https://jslounge.connpass.com
https://jslounge-archives.elevenback.jp/ https://blog.elevenback.jp
ࠓͷΰʔϧ
ࠓͷΰʔϧ • طଘίʔυͷෛ࠴ • ͍ͭ࡞Γม͑Δ͔ͷΈ • Vue.js ͷΞϯνύλʔϯͷ՝ײ
ࠓͷΰʔϧ • طଘίʔυͷෛ࠴ • ͍ͭ࡞Γม͑Δ͔ͷΈ • Vue.js ͷΞϯνύλʔϯͷ՝ײ • ίʔυͷʮࣺͯͲ͜Ζʯͷཧղ
• ϑϩϯτΤϯυͷ༻ͷѲ • ഁغ͍ͯ͘͜͠ͱΛલఏͱͨ͠ઃܭ
ࠓ͢͜ͱ • ݱࡏͷϑϩϯτΤϯυΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ༻ʹ͍ͭͯ • Vue.js ͰඞཁΓΔͨΊʹඞཁͳجຊతͳߟ͑ํ • ࣮ྫ͔ΒֶͿϝϯςφϏϦςΟΛԼ͛Δίʔυͱઃܭ • Vue
CLI / Nuxt.js ʹΑΔഁͮ͠Β͍։ൃڥͷߏங…
ࠓ͢͜ͱ • ݱࡏͷϑϩϯτΤϯυΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ༻ʹ͍ͭͯ • Vue.js ͰඞཁΓΔͨΊʹඞཁͳجຊతͳߟ͑ํ • ࣮ྫ͔ΒֶͿϝϯςφϏϦςΟΛԼ͛Δίʔυͱઃܭ • Vue
CLI / Nuxt.js ʹΑΔഁͮ͠Β͍։ൃڥͷߏங
༻ʹ͍ͭͯ • ࣮ࡍͷ։ൃͷγʔϯͰͳ͘ϝϯςφϯεͰ͖Δͷ2,3 ͕ݶ • ΞʔΩςΫνϟϓϩάϥϜͷࢹ͚ͩࡁΉͰͳ͍ • ྫ͑υϝΠϯ֓೦ͷݟ͠ͷै • ྫ͑σβΠϯϦχϡʔΞϧͷै
• ٕज़τϨϯυʹ߹Θͤͨભٶ
υϝΠϯ֓೦ͷݟ͠ • ʮ͜ͷػೳॳ͚͋ͬͨΕͲผػೳʹ౷߹͠Α͏ʯ • ʮҙຯ͢Δͱ͜Ζ͕มΘͬͨͷͰશମΛϦωʔϜ͠Α͏ʯ • ʮআ͠Α͏ʯ
σβΠϯϦχϡʔΞϧͷै • ʮϦϒϥϯσΟϯάͷͨΊʹશମΛϦχϡʔΞϧ͍ͨ͠ʯ • ʮ(ϚςϦΞϧͷΑ͏ͳ)ۀքͷτϨϯυ͕ҠͬͨͷͰ߹Θ͍ͤͨʯ • ʮUIϑϨʔϜϫʔΫϕʔε͚ͩͬͨͲಠࣗʹ͍ͨ͠ʯ
ٕज़τϨϯυʹ߹Θͤͨมભ • Vue.js 1.0 3 લɺ Vue.js 2.0
2 લɺ࣍ͷ v3 …… • ʮݹ͘ͳΔͱใ૿͑ͣศརͳͷ͑ͳ͍ʯ • ʮՄೳͰ͋Ε࣌ؒΛͱͬͯ࠷ݶϝδϟʔ͍͋͛ͨʯ
ٕज़τϨϯυʹ߹Θͤͨมભ • খ͞ͳτϨϯυ୯ҐͰτϨϯυมΘΔ • ࣌ࠁૢ࡞ day.js ͕ moment ͷΘΓʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ͔ •
HTTP ௨৴ XHR ͳ axios Ͱͳ͘ fetch ϕʔεͷͷ͔
࠷ऴతʹΔͷ……ʁ ✘ Vue.js UI ʹܹ͘͠ґଘͨ͠෦ ✘ Build environment ✘
ྲྀߦΓͷϥΠϒϥϦʹΑ࣮ͬͯ͞Εͨ෦ ✘ υϝΠϯશҬ(ഽײίʔυϕʔεͷ6ׂఔҠ২Մೳ) ˕ ϓϩδΣΫτʹ͋Θ͍ͤͨΘΏΔʮϢʔςΟϦςΟʯ ˕ ൚༻తͳ(Ξφϯε௨ͳͲͷ)ίϯϙʔωϯτͷϩδοΫ
࠷ऴతʹΔͷ……ʁ ͍͚ͬͯΔͷࣝͱܦݧ มΘΔ͜ͱΛલఏʹʮࣺ͍ͯ͢ʯίʔυΛ࡞Δ = ϑϩϯτΤϯυϩʔάϥΠΫ
ࠓ͢͜ͱ • ݱࡏͷϑϩϯτΤϯυΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ༻ʹ͍ͭͯ • Vue.js ͰඞཁΓΔͨΊʹඞཁͳجຊతͳߟ͑ํ • ࣮ྫ͔ΒֶͿϝϯςφϏϦςΟΛԼ͛Δίʔυͱઃܭ • Vue
CLI / Nuxt.js ʹΑΔഁͮ͠Β͍։ൃڥͷߏங…
جຊతͳߟ͑ํ ʮࣺ͍ͯ͢ʯίʔυͷͨΊʹ…… 1. ʮ࠶ར༻ੑʯͷແؔ৺ͱݻࣥಟ 2. VuexԿͷͨΊʹ͋Δ͔Λߟ͑Δ 3. Vue.js ͓Αͼ SFC
ʹͩ͜ΘΓ͗͢ͳ͍ ͜͜Ͱ֓೦ͷΈɺ࣮ྫ࣍ͷηΫγϣϯͰɹ⾣
ʮ࠶ར༻ੑʯͷແؔ৺ͱݻࣥಟ • ͷଟ͍ίʔυ·ͱΊͯഁغ͢Δඞཁ͕ग़ͯ͘Δ • ͔ͱݴͬͯ Vuex ͳͲͷάϩʔόϧͳσʔλʹ҆қʹґଘ͢Δ ͱࠜຊతͳվमʹ͑ΒΕͳ͍ • ϓϨθϯςʔγϣϯͷͨΊ͚ͩͷσʔλ൚༻ੑΛٻΊΔ
• ϩδοΫ୯ମͰՄೳͳݶΓബ͘ॻ͘ • ͳͲͳͲ……
Vuex ͳΜͷͨΊʹ͋Δ͔Λߟ͑Δ • શͯͷσʔλΛೖΕͯ͠·͏ͱͦΕͨͩͷάϩʔόϧม • ϩʔΧϧεςʔτͱ͏·͍͚͘Δ • Vuex Λͨͩͷശͱͯ͠ஔ͘ͷ͔ɺϦΞΫςΟϒͳυϝΠϯϨ ΠϠʔΛߏங͢Δج൫ͱ͢Δͷ͔Λ͖ͬΓͤ͞Δ
• ͳͲͳͲ……
Vue.js / SFC ʹͩ͜ΘΓ͗͢ͳ͍ • Vue.js ͔ͩΒͱ͍ͬͯશͯΛ .vue Ͱ݁ͤ͞Δඞཁͳ͍ •
SFC Vue Test Utils Λར༻ͨ͠είʔϓͷେ͖͍ςετͳͲ ͕ඞཁʹͳΔͷͰඞવੑͷ͋Δ͚ͩΛͨͤΔ • ͋ͱ VanillaJS ʹΑΔهड़Λ৺͕͚Δ • ৄ࣍͘͠ͷηΫγϣϯͰ
ࠓ͢͜ͱ • ݱࡏͷϑϩϯτΤϯυΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ༻ʹ͍ͭͯ • Vue.js ͰඞཁΓΔͨΊʹඞཁͳجຊతͳߟ͑ํ • ࣮ྫ͔ΒֶͿϝϯςφϏϦςΟΛԼ͛Δίʔυͱઃܭ • Vue
CLI / Nuxt.js ʹΑΔഁͮ͠Β͍։ൃڥͷߏங
࠶ར༻ੑͷײ֮ͷζϨ
͜Μͳίϯϙʔωϯτ࡞ͬͯ·ͤΜ͔ʁ <template> <button @click=“like”>Like</button> </template> <script> import { mapActions }
from ‘vuex’ export default { props: { id: Number }, methods: { click() { this.like({ id }) }, .. .mapActions(‘entries’, [‘like’]) } } </script> -JLF#VUUPOWVF
͜Μͳίϯϙʔωϯτ࡞ͬͯ·ͤΜ͔ʁ <template> <button @click=“like”>Like</button> </template> <script> import { mapActions }
from ‘vuex’ export default { props: { id: Number }, methods: { click() { this.like({ id }) }, .. .mapActions(‘entries’, [‘like’]) } } </script> Atoms ૬ͷϞϊ͕ Vuex ʹґଘ͍ͯ͠Δ -JLF#VUUPOWVF
վળྫ <template> <button @click="like">Like</button> </template> <script> export default { methods:
{ click(event) { this.$emit('click', event) } } } </script> Vue.js ͷΠϕϯτγεςϜΛͬͯΛബ͘ -JLF#VUUPOWVF
͜Μͳίϯϙʔωϯτ࡞ͬͯ·ͤΜ͔ʁ <template> <div class=“some-form”> <template v-if=“mode === ‘new’”> <div></div> </template>
<template v-if=“mode === ‘edit’”> <div></div> </template> <!-— code --> </div> </template> <script> export default { props: { mode: String } } </script> 6TFS'PSNWVF
͜Μͳίϯϙʔωϯτ࡞ͬͯ·ͤΜ͔ʁ <template> <div class=“some-form”> <template v-if=“mode === ‘new’”> <div></div> </template>
<template v-if=“mode === ‘edit’”> <div></div> </template> <!-— code --> </div> </template> <script> export default { props: { mode: String } } </script> ίϯϙʔωϯτʹೋͭҎ্ͷׂ͕͋Δ 6TFS'PSNWVF
վળྫ <template> <div class=“some-form”> <template> <div> <!-— code --> </div>
</template> </div> </template> <script> export default { } </script> 6TFS$SFBUF'PSNWVF ʹͳͬͯͦΕͧΕผͷίʔυʹ͢Δ
վળྫ <template> <div class=“some-form”> <template> <div> <!-— code --> </div>
</template> </div> </template> <script> export default { } </script> 6TFS&EJU'PSNWVF ผͷίʔυʹ͓ͯ͘͠ͱʮߋ৽ෆՄʯͷ߲ͷ࣮༰қ
VuexʹدͤΔ͖ίʔυͱ دͤΔ͖Ͱͳ͍ίʔυ
͜ΜͳίʔυΛॻ͍ͯ·ͤΜ͔ʁ import { mapGetters, mapActions } from 'vuex' export default
{ computed: { ...mapGetters('entries', { form: 'editEntry' }) }, methods: { ...mapActions('entries', ['updateEditEntry', 'updateEntry']) } } &OUSZ&EJU'PSNWVF
͜ΜͳίʔυΛॻ͍ͯ·ͤΜ͔ʁ import { mapGetters, mapActions } from 'vuex' export default
{ computed: { ...mapGetters('entries', { form: 'editEntry' }) }, methods: { ...mapActions('entries', ['updateEditEntry', 'updateEntry']) } } &OUSZ&EJU'PSNWVF 1. ίϯϙʔωϯτ͚͕͍ͩͬͯΕྑ͍தؒঢ়ଶʹVuexΛ͍ͬͯΔ 2. Vuex ͷ mapXXX ͷΤΠϦΞεػೳͷ͍ͤͰ grep ͮ͠Β͘ͳ͍ͬͯΔ
͜ΜͳίʔυΛॻ͍ͯ·ͤΜ͔ʁ /* ... state code ... */ const getters =
{ entries: [], editEntry: null } /* ... mutation code ... */ const actions = { // ... other actions updateEditEntry({ commit }, { formData }) {commit('updateEditEntry', formData)} } export default { namespaced: true, state, mutations, getters, actions } FOUSJFTKT υϝΠϯ֓೦͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔͣͷ entries ʹԿނ͔ϑΥʔϜͷঢ়ଶ͕
मਖ਼ྫ import { mapGetters, mapActions } from 'vuex' export default
{ data() { const form = this.entries.find((e) => e.id == this.$route.params.id)) return { form } }, computed: { ...mapGetters('entries', ['entries']) }, methods: { ...mapActions('entries', ['updateEntry']) } } &OUSZ&EJU'PSNWVF 1. தؒঢ়ଶϩʔΧϧεςʔτʹด͡ࠐΊͯ Vuex ʹΰϛσʔλ͕Βͳ͍Α͏ʹ 2. ೖྗ͕Ωϟϯηϧ͞Εͨ߹ίϯϙʔωϯτͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧʹΑͬͯదʹഁغ
मਖ਼ྫ /* ... state code ... */ const getters =
{ entries: [] } /* ... mutation code ... */ const actions = { updateEntry() {} // ࣮ࡍͷσʔλͷߋ৽͚ͩΛߦ͏ } export default { namespaced: true, state, mutations, getters, actions } FOUSJFTKT Vuex ࣮σʔλʹͷΈઐ೦Ͱ͖ɺ͔ͭԼखʹϦηοτॲཧΛॻ͔ͳ͍Ͱྑ͍Α͏ʹ
Single File Component vs VanillaJS
͜ΜͳίʔυΛॻ͍ͯ·ͤΜ͔ʁ <script> export default { data() { return { formData:
{ val1: '', val2: '' }, status: '' } // దͳঢ়ଶ } methods: { handleAction() { const foo = this.covert({…this.formData}) this.$store.dispatch('namespace/someAction', foo) }, convert(args) { return {...args} // Կ͔͠ΒͷॲཧΛߦͬͨޙʹฦ٫ } } } .Z$PNQPOFOUWVF
͜ΜͳίʔυΛॻ͍ͯ·ͤΜ͔ʁ <script> export default { data() { return { formData:
{ val1: '', val2: '' }, status: '' } // దͳঢ়ଶ } methods: { handleAction() { const foo = this.covert({…this.formData}) this.$store.dispatch('namespace/someAction', foo) }, convert(args) { return {...args} // Կ͔͠ΒͷॲཧΛߦͬͨޙʹฦ٫ } } } ୯ҰϑΝΠϧίϯϙʔωϯτͰͭඞཁͷͳ͍ॲཧ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ (ಛʹෳͷίϯϙʔωϯτͰग़ݱ͢Δ߹) .Z$PNQPOFOUWVF
मਖ਼ྫ function convert(args) { return {...args} } export default convert
VUJMTDPOWFSUFSKT JavaScript ͚ͩͰ݁͢Δ෦ JavaScriptͰΓग़͢
मਖ਼ྫ import convert from './converter' describe('converter.js', () => { test('test
code', () => { const input = { val1: '', val2: '' } expect(convert(input)).toMatchObject(input) }) }) TQFDVUJMTDPOWFSUFSTQFDKT JavaScript Ͱॻ͘͜ͱͰςετίʔυهड़͘͢͠
ࠓ͢͜ͱ • ݱࡏͷϑϩϯτΤϯυΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ༻ʹ͍ͭͯ • Vue.js ͰඞཁΓΔͨΊʹඞཁͳجຊతͳߟ͑ํ • ࣮ྫ͔ΒֶͿϝϯςφϏϦςΟΛԼ͛Δίʔυͱઃܭ • Vue
CLI / Nuxt.js ʹΑΔഁͮ͠Β͍։ൃڥͷߏங…
Vue CLI v3 • Vue.js ۘͷ CLI πʔϧ • طଘͷڥ(ࣗྗͰ
webpack Λ৮Δڥ)͔ΒҠߦ͍͢͠ • CLIπʔϧͷԆΒ͍͠ػೳ͕๛ • ϓϥάΠϯʹΑΔڥͷڧԽ͕༰қ • ϓϥάΠϯʹΑΔڥͷߏங͕༰қ • ίϚϯυҰൃͰςετڥͳͲΛ࡞Մೳ • ։ൃମݧͱͯ͠ڥճΓΛڧԽ͢Δཁૉ͕ڧ͍
7VFKT1SPKFDU 5FTUJOH Nuxt.jsΛ༗ޮ׆༻͢Δ 7VFKT 7VF3PVUFS 7VFY 7VF5FTU6UJMT 1VSF+BWB4DSJQU &YUFSOBM4FSWJDF )551
6UJMJUZ CVJMEFOWJSPONFOU CVJMEFOWJSPONFOU CVJMEFOWJSPONFOU
7VF$-*W1SPKFDU 7VF$-*4FSWJDF 5FTUJOH Vue CLI v3 ༗ޮ׆༻͢Δ 7VFKT 7VF3PVUFS 7VFY
7VF5FTU6UJMT 1VSF+BWB4DSJQU &YUFSOBM4FSWJDF )551 6UJMJUZ
Nuxt.js • Vue.js ͔ΒݟΔ߹ඇެࣜͷϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ • Vue.js ͷίϛϡχςΟύʔτφʔͱͳͬͨͷͰڠྗؔͰ͋Δ • ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΒ͍͠ػೳΛఏڙ͢Δ •
ಠࣗͷϞδϡʔϧϓϥάΠϯγεςϜ • ΦʔτϩʔσΟϯάܥͷػೳ SSR ͷσϑΥϧταϙʔτ • ϓϩδΣΫτͷجຊઃܭΛ Nuxt.js ʹͤΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ։ൃମݧͱͯ͠ϓϩδΣΫτઃܭΛڧԽ͢Δཁૉ͕ڧ͍
7VFKT1SPKFDU 5FTUJOH Nuxt.jsΛ༗ޮ׆༻͢Δ 7VFKT 7VF3PVUFS 7VFY 7VF5FTU6UJMT 1VSF+BWB4DSJQU &YUFSOBM4FSWJDF )551
6UJMJUZ CVJMEFOWJSPONFOU CVJMEFOWJSPONFOU CVJMEFOWJSPONFOU
/VYUKT1SPKFDU 5FTUJOH /VYUKT Nuxt.jsΛ༗ޮ׆༻͢Δ 7VFKT 7VF3PVUFS 7VFY 7VF5FTU6UJMT 1VSF+BWB4DSJQU &YUFSOBM4FSWJDF
)551 6UJMJUZ webpack vue-meta vue-server-renderer Project structure
Vue CLI v3 or Nuxt.js • ར༻Ϟνϕʔγϣϯ͔Βͯ͠ҧ͏ͷͰҰ֓ʹൺֱతͰ͖ͳ͍ • ݸਓతʹ Vue.js
ͷϏΪφʔ͕গͳ͍߹ Nuxt.js Λਪ • ͍͖ͳΓ Nuxt.js Λ৮Δͷϋʔυϧ͕ߴ͍ͷͰඇਪ • ͋Δఔ׳Εͨਓ͕ Nuxt.js ͰҰ௨ΓΜͰ͠·͑ϏΪφʔ͕͋ ͱ͔ΒೖͬͯյΕͳ͍Α͏ͳઃܭ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ͲͷΈͪ 2 ఔͷεύϯͰߟ͑ΔͳΒϨʔϧʹͬͯߴ͍ੜ࢈ ੑΛಘͨ΄͏͕ϓϩδΣΫτΛυϥΠϒͰ͖Δ
thanks!