DevFest NYC - Android Things Workshop - Build a Motion Sensing Camera using Android Things

In this session, Rebecca walked attendees through building their own Android Things powered motion sensing camera. The slides reveal the different steps required to get to the final result.

The code for this workshop can be found here - https://github.com/riggaroo/android-things-motion-camera

1. DevFest NYC - Android Things Workshop Build a Motion Sensing Camera Rebecca Franks Android Engineering Lead at DVT @riggaroo
2. Joshua Leibstein GDG Johannesburg Organiser @JoshLiebe Oscar Salguero @OscarSalguero
3. Slides bit.ly/nyc-at-slides Workshop Feedback bit.ly/nyc-at-workshop
5. What we will build: Intro: 1. Create project and read physical button value 2. Read motion values from Motion Sensor 3. Turn LED on/off based on Motion Sensor 4. Take photo and display when Motion is detected Further reading - advanced section: 5. Upload information to Firebase (photo + log) 6. Send Push Notification 7. View list of photos
6. Android Things Theory
7. What is Android Things? Android Things is an extension of the Android platform for IoT and embedded devices.
8. Interactive Ads Vending Machines Point of Sale Stock Control Retail Cameras Gateways Access Control Smart Meters Business Asset Tracking Fleet Management Driver Assist Predictive Service Logistics Security Systems Smart Doorbells Routers Energy Monitors Home Android Things is ideal for powerful, intelligent devices that need to be secure.
9. Similarities Any other Android library... Android SDK Play Services Firebase Android Studio Cloud Platform
10. Differences No Play Store Deploy OTAs Subset of APIs Custom Hardware Single Purpose Device
11. Applications Launcher Phone Messaging Contacts Calendar Browser Settings Application Framework Activity Manager Window Manager Power Manager Resource Manager XMPP Service Content Providers Wallpapers System UI Package Manager Telephony Manager Location Manager Connectivity Manager View System Runtime Permissions Soft Keyboards Notifications Libraries Surface Manager Media Framework Chromium SSL HAL Audio Manager SQLite Open GL libc Core Libraries Android Runtime (ART) Android Runtime Linux Kernel Display Driver Camera Driver Bluetooth Driver Binder (IPC) Driver USB Driver Audio Driver WiFi Driver Power Management
12. Applications Launcher Phone Messaging Contacts Calendar Browser Settings Application Framework Activity Manager Window Manager Power Manager Resource Manager XMPP Service Content Providers Wallpapers System UI Package Manager Telephony Manager Location Manager Connectivity Manager View System Runtime Permissions Soft Keyboards Notifications Libraries Surface Manager Media Framework Chromium SSL HAL Audio Manager SQLite Open GL libc Core Libraries Android Runtime (ART) Android Runtime Linux Kernel Display Driver Camera Driver Bluetooth Driver Binder (IPC) Driver USB Driver Audio Driver WiFi Driver Power Management
13. Applications Launcher Phone Messaging Contacts Calendar Browser Settings Application Framework Activity Manager Window Manager Power Manager Resource Manager XMPP Service Wallpapers System UI Package Manager Telephony Manager Location Manager Connectivity Manager View System Soft Keyboards Notifications Libraries Surface Manager Media Framework Chromium SSL HAL Audio Manager SQLite Open GL libc Core Libraries Android Runtime (ART) Android Runtime Linux Kernel Display Driver Camera Driver Bluetooth Driver Binder (IPC) Driver USB Driver Audio Driver WiFi Driver Power Management Things Support Library Peripheral I/O Device Management User Drivers Connectivity
14. SoM Architecture Google Managed BSP
15. Distribution with Android Things Android Framework Hardware Libraries Linux Kernel Managed by Google Apps User Drivers Managed by Developers
16. Android Things Console • Manage your Android Things IoT Product • Download and install the latest Android Things system image • Build factory images that contain OEM applications along with the system image • Push over-the-air (OTA) updates partner.android.com/things/console
20. Developing for Android Things
21. Developer Kits NXP I.MX7D Raspberry Pi 3
22. Hardware Integration Peripheral Driver Library - Github + many more... bit.ly/androidthings-github Button GPS PWM Servo RGB LED Strip Temperature Sensor Capacitive Touch Buttons Peripheral I/O - Low Level Access GPIO PWM I2C SPI UART I2S
23. Build a Motion Sensing Camera
25. things mobile cloud-functions Project Structure Runs on Android Things Device Runs on any Android Phone (companion app) Deployed to Firebase Cloud Functions (javascript)
26. Electronics Basics
27. Components Breadboard - Construction base for prototyping electronics Jumper Wire - Used to interconnect the components of a breadboard
28. LEDs - Emits visible light when an electric current passes through it Push Switches - Allows electricity to flow between its two contacts Components
29. Resistor -Used to reduce current flow Source: http://www.electronicshub.org/resistor-color-code/ Components and many more...
30. Ohm’s Law The current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points. V = I * R V is Voltage (volts) I is Current (amps) R is Resistance (ohms) I = 0.023A V = 5V R = 5V / 0.023A R = ± 217 ohms
31. Hardware Setup
32. Pico i.MX7 Pinout * there was a change in pin naming in DP6
33. Red, Red, Brown = 220 ohm Brown, Black, Orange = 1k ohm
36. Working with a Motion Sensor
37. PIR Sensor
38. Adjust Sensitivity (Range)
39. Adjust Timeout
40. GPIO - General Purpose Input / Output - Programmable way to read true / false values (1 or 0) (push button, PIR Sensor) - Write true/false values (LED) - Configurable
41. Pico Setup: bit.ly/pico-pro-setup
42. Red, Red, Brown = 220 ohm Brown, Black, Orange = 1k ohm
43. Firmware Setup
44. //Boot into fastboot mode - old method $ adb reboot bootloader // Get list of fastboot devices $ fastboot devices 1b2f21d4e1fe0129 fastboot //Locate directory with factory image $ ./flash_all.sh //windows ./flash_all.bat // Get list of devices once flashed $ adb devices List of devices attached 1b2f21d4e1fe0129 device
45. //Start internet - Old Method $ adb shell am startservice -n com.google.wifisetup/.WifiSetupService -a WifiSetupService.Connect -e ssid "Jozihub Events" -e passphrase Jozihub#
48. //Download Android Things Flashing Tool $ ./androidthings-quickstart //Mac and Linux - Windows double click .exe Onboarding tool for Android Things ================================== This tool will help you install Android Things on your board and set up Wifi. What do you want to do? 1 - Install Android Things on a board and optionally set up Wifi 2 - Set up Wifi on an existing Android Things device 1 What is your board? 1 - Raspberry Pi 3 2 - NXP Pico i.MX7D 3 - NXP Pico i.MX6UL 2 You chose NXP Pico i.MX7D.
49. Before downloading Android Things, please consult our terms of service at https://developer.android.com/things/terms/index.html If you agree to our terms of service, press y to download it. Otherwise press n. (y/n) y Downloading Android Things image for NXP Pico i.MX7D... Downloaded image. Connect the board to your host computer with a USB-C cable. Once connected, press [Enter] key to install Android Things onto the board... Looking for devices... An Android device has been detected. Do you want to flash it? (y/n) WARNING: this will remove any existing data from it! y Installing fastboot... Waiting for fastboot to launch... This can take up to 3 minutes. Found fastboot device. Unzipping image... Installing Android Things on your board. This will take a few minutes... *Do not disconnect or interrupt!* ... Successfully flashed your imx7d. Successfully installed Android Things...
50. Would you like to set up Wi-Fi on your board? (y/n) y Please ensure antenna is already attached. If it is not, disconnect your board, attach the antenna and reconnect your board to your computer. When ready, press [Enter]... Enter the Wi-Fi network name: somenetwork Enter the Wi-Fi network password (leave empty if no password): somepassword Connecting to Wi-Fi network somenetwork... Looking for device... This can take up to 3 minutes. Device found. Waiting... Successfully connected to Wifi
51. Project Setup
52. Install Android Studio 3.0
56. //Automatically added in app level build.gradle compileOnly 'com.google.android.things:androidthings:...'
57. //Automatically added in AndroidManifest.xml <application ...> <uses-library android:name="com.google.android.things"/> <activity ...> <!-- Launch activity automatically on boot --> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.IOT_LAUNCHER"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/> </intent-filter> </activity> </application>
58. //Automatically added in AndroidManifest.xml <application ...> <uses-library android:name="com.google.android.things"/> <activity ...> <!-- Launch activity automatically on boot --> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.IOT_LAUNCHER"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/> </intent-filter> </activity> </application>
59. Physical Button
60. //Accessing Sensor Data private lateinit var buttonGpio: Gpio = PeripheralManagerService().openGpio("GPIO6_IO15") fun start() { buttonGpio.setDirection(Gpio.DIRECTION_IN) buttonGpio.setActiveType(Gpio.ACTIVE_HIGH) buttonGpio.setEdgeTriggerType(Gpio.EDGE_BOTH) buttonGpio.registerGpioCallback(object : GpioCallback() { override fun onGpioEdge(gpio: Gpio): Boolean { if (gpio.value) { ledGpio.value = true } else { //do something else } return true } }) }
61. //Accessing Sensor Data private lateinit var buttonGpio: Gpio = PeripheralManagerService().openGpio("GPIO6_IO15") fun start() { buttonGpio.setDirection(Gpio.DIRECTION_IN) buttonGpio.setActiveType(Gpio.ACTIVE_HIGH) buttonGpio.setEdgeTriggerType(Gpio.EDGE_BOTH) buttonGpio.registerGpioCallback(object : GpioCallback() { override fun onGpioEdge(gpio: Gpio): Boolean { if (gpio.value) { ledGpio.value = true } else { //do something else } return true } }) }
62. //Accessing Sensor Data private lateinit var buttonGpio: Gpio = PeripheralManagerService().openGpio("GPIO6_IO15") fun start() { buttonGpio.setDirection(Gpio.DIRECTION_IN) buttonGpio.setActiveType(Gpio.ACTIVE_HIGH) buttonGpio.setEdgeTriggerType(Gpio.EDGE_BOTH) buttonGpio.registerGpioCallback(object : GpioCallback() { override fun onGpioEdge(gpio: Gpio): Boolean { if (gpio.value) { ledGpio.value = true } else { //do something else } return true } }) }
63. Control LED
64. val peripheralManagerService = PeripheralManagerService() ledGpio = peripheralManagerService.openGpio("GPIO6_IO14") ledGpio.setDirection(Gpio.DIRECTION_OUT_INITIALLY_LOW) ledGpio.value = true ledGpio.close()
65. val peripheralManagerService = PeripheralManagerService() ledGpio = peripheralManagerService.openGpio("GPIO6_IO14") ledGpio.setDirection(Gpio.DIRECTION_OUT_INITIALLY_LOW) ledGpio.value = true ledGpio.close()
66. val peripheralManagerService = PeripheralManagerService() ledGpio = peripheralManagerService.openGpio("GPIO6_IO14") ledGpio.setDirection(Gpio.DIRECTION_OUT_INITIALLY_LOW) ledGpio.value = true ledGpio.close()
67. Motion Sensor Code
68. //Accessing Sensor Data private val motionSensorGpio: Gpio = PeripheralManagerService().openGpio("GPIO2_IO03") fun start() { motionSensorGpio.setDirection(Gpio.DIRECTION_IN) motionSensorGpio.setActiveType(Gpio.ACTIVE_HIGH) motionSensorGpio.setEdgeTriggerType(Gpio.EDGE_BOTH) motionSensorGpio.registerGpioCallback(object : GpioCallback() { override fun onGpioEdge(gpio: Gpio): Boolean { if (gpio.value) { motionListener.onMotionDetected() } else { motionListener.onMotionStopped() } return true } }) }
69. //Accessing Sensor Data private val motionSensorGpio: Gpio = PeripheralManagerService().openGpio("GPIO2_IO03") fun start() { motionSensorGpio.setDirection(Gpio.DIRECTION_IN) motionSensorGpio.setActiveType(Gpio.ACTIVE_HIGH) motionSensorGpio.setEdgeTriggerType(Gpio.EDGE_BOTH) motionSensorGpio.registerGpioCallback(object : GpioCallback() { override fun onGpioEdge(gpio: Gpio): Boolean { if (gpio.value) { motionListener.onMotionDetected() } else { motionListener.onMotionStopped() } return true } }) }
70. //Accessing Sensor Data private val motionSensorGpio: Gpio = PeripheralManagerService().openGpio("GPIO2_IO03") fun start() { motionSensorGpio.setDirection(Gpio.DIRECTION_IN) motionSensorGpio.setActiveType(Gpio.ACTIVE_HIGH) motionSensorGpio.setEdgeTriggerType(Gpio.EDGE_BOTH) motionSensorGpio.registerGpioCallback(object : GpioCallback() { override fun onGpioEdge(gpio: Gpio): Boolean { if (gpio.value) { camera.takePhoto() } else { //do something else } return true } }) }
71. Take a Photo
72. CustomCamera bit.ly/custom-camera-android
73. private fun setupCamera() { camera = CustomCamera.getInstance() camera.initializeCamera(this, Handler(), imageAvailableListener) } private val imageAvailableListener = object : CustomCamera.ImageCapturedListener { override fun onImageCaptured(bitmap: Bitmap) { motionImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap) } } camera.takePicture()
74. private fun setupCamera() { camera = CustomCamera.getInstance() camera.initializeCamera(this, Handler(), imageAvailableListener) } private val imageAvailableListener = object : CustomCamera.ImageCapturedListener { override fun onImageCaptured(bitmap: Bitmap) { motionImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap) } } camera.takePicture()
75. private fun setupCamera() { camera = CustomCamera.getInstance() camera.initializeCamera(this, Handler(), imageAvailableListener) } private val imageAvailableListener = object : CustomCamera.ImageCapturedListener { override fun onImageCaptured(bitmap: Bitmap) { motionImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap) } } camera.takePicture()
76. Congrats! You’ve built a motion sensing camera!
77. Advance your app with Firebase + Cloud Functions
78. Firebase - Saving Data Things app
79. //data class for saving data class FirebaseImageLog(val timestamp: Long? = null, val imageRef: String? = null) //upload image val storageRef = FirebaseStorage.getInstance().getReference(FIREBASE_MOTION_REF) val imageStorageRef = storageRef.child(FIREBASE_IMAGE_PREFIX + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg") val uploadTask = imageStorageRef.putBytes(imageStream.toByteArray()) uploadTask.addOnFailureListener { Log.d(TAG, "onFailure uploadMotionImage") }.addOnSuccessListener { // save image log to realtime db val downloadUrl = imageStorageRef.path val ref = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference(FIREBASE_MOTION_LOGS).push() ref.setValue(FirebaseImageLog(System.currentTimeMillis(), downloadUrl)) }
80. //data class for saving data class FirebaseImageLog(val timestamp: Long? = null, val imageRef: String? = null) //upload image val storageRef = FirebaseStorage.getInstance().getReference(FIREBASE_MOTION_REF) val imageStorageRef = storageRef.child(FIREBASE_IMAGE_PREFIX + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg") val uploadTask = imageStorageRef.putBytes(imageStream.toByteArray()) uploadTask.addOnFailureListener { Log.d(TAG, "onFailure uploadMotionImage") }.addOnSuccessListener { // save image log to realtime db val downloadUrl = imageStorageRef.path val ref = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference(FIREBASE_MOTION_LOGS).push() ref.setValue(FirebaseImageLog(System.currentTimeMillis(), downloadUrl)) }
81. //data class for saving data class FirebaseImageLog(val timestamp: Long? = null, val imageRef: String? = null) //upload image val storageRef = FirebaseStorage.getInstance().getReference(FIREBASE_MOTION_REF) val imageStorageRef = storageRef.child(FIREBASE_IMAGE_PREFIX + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg") val uploadTask = imageStorageRef.putBytes(imageStream.toByteArray()) uploadTask.addOnFailureListener { Log.d(TAG, "onFailure uploadMotionImage") }.addOnSuccessListener { // save image log to realtime db val downloadUrl = imageStorageRef.path val ref = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference(FIREBASE_MOTION_LOGS).push() ref.setValue(FirebaseImageLog(System.currentTimeMillis(), downloadUrl)) }
82. //data class for saving data class FirebaseImageLog(val timestamp: Long? = null, val imageRef: String? = null) //upload image val storageRef = FirebaseStorage.getInstance().getReference(FIREBASE_MOTION_REF) val imageStorageRef = storageRef.child(FIREBASE_IMAGE_PREFIX + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg") val uploadTask = imageStorageRef.putBytes(imageStream.toByteArray()) uploadTask.addOnFailureListener { Log.d(TAG, "onFailure uploadMotionImage") }.addOnSuccessListener { // save image log to realtime db val downloadUrl = imageStorageRef.path val ref = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference(FIREBASE_MOTION_LOGS).push() ref.setValue(FirebaseImageLog(System.currentTimeMillis(), downloadUrl)) }
84. Firebase - Cloud Functions Javascript
85. $ firebase login $ firebase init functions
86. var functions = require('firebase-functions'); var admin = require('firebase-admin'); admin.initializeApp(functions.config().firebase); exports.annotateImage = functions.database.ref('/motion-logs/{id}') .onCreate(event => { const original = event.data.val(); var topic = "/topics/intruders"; var payload = { data: { title: "Intruder Alert!", body: "An intruder has been detected" } }; return admin.messaging().sendToTopic(topic, payload) .then(function (response) { console.log("Successfully sent message:", response); }).catch(function (error) { console.log("Error sending message:", error); }); } );
87. var functions = require('firebase-functions'); var admin = require('firebase-admin'); admin.initializeApp(functions.config().firebase); exports.annotateImage = functions.database.ref('/motion-logs/{id}') .onCreate(event => { const original = event.data.val(); var topic = "/topics/intruders"; var payload = { data: { title: "Intruder Alert!", body: "An intruder has been detected" } }; return admin.messaging().sendToTopic(topic, payload) .then(function (response) { console.log("Successfully sent message:", response); }).catch(function (error) { console.log("Error sending message:", error); }); } );
88. var functions = require('firebase-functions'); var admin = require('firebase-admin'); admin.initializeApp(functions.config().firebase); exports.annotateImage = functions.database.ref('/motion-logs/{id}') .onCreate(event => { const original = event.data.val(); var topic = "/topics/intruders"; var payload = { data: { title: "Intruder Alert!", body: "An intruder has been detected" } }; return admin.messaging().sendToTopic(topic, payload) .then(function (response) { console.log("Successfully sent message:", response); }).catch(function (error) { console.log("Error sending message:", error); }); } );
89. $ firebase deploy --only functions
91. Firebase - Retrieving Data Companion Mobile App
92. //Use FirebaseUI dependency api "com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-database:3.0.0" // Get DB Reference val databaseRef = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference(MOTION_LOGS_FIREBASE_REF) // Create adapter that extends FirebaseRecyclerAdapter class LogsAdapter(ref: DatabaseReference) : FirebaseRecyclerAdapter<FirebaseImageLog, LogsViewHolder>(FirebaseImageLog::class.java, R.layout.list_item_log, LogsViewHolder::class.java, ref) { //.. Do adapter things } // Set adapter to use reference adapter = LogsAdapter(databaseRef.orderByChild(ORDER_BY_TIMESTAMP).ref)
93. //Use FirebaseUI dependency api "com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-database:3.0.0" // Get DB Reference val databaseRef = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference(MOTION_LOGS_FIREBASE_REF) // Create adapter that extends FirebaseRecyclerAdapter class LogsAdapter(ref: DatabaseReference) : FirebaseRecyclerAdapter<FirebaseImageLog, LogsViewHolder>(FirebaseImageLog::class.java, R.layout.list_item_log, LogsViewHolder::class.java, ref) { //.. Do adapter things } // Set adapter to use reference adapter = LogsAdapter(databaseRef.orderByChild(ORDER_BY_TIMESTAMP).ref)
94. //Use FirebaseUI dependency api "com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-database:3.0.0" // Get DB Reference val databaseRef = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference(MOTION_LOGS_FIREBASE_REF) // Create adapter that extends FirebaseRecyclerAdapter class LogsAdapter(ref: DatabaseReference) : FirebaseRecyclerAdapter<FirebaseImageLog, LogsViewHolder>(FirebaseImageLog::class.java, R.layout.list_item_log, LogsViewHolder::class.java, ref) { //.. Do adapter things } // Set adapter to use reference adapter = LogsAdapter(databaseRef.orderByChild(ORDER_BY_TIMESTAMP).ref)
95. //Use FirebaseUI dependency api "com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-database:3.0.0" // Get DB Reference val databaseRef = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance().getReference(MOTION_LOGS_FIREBASE_REF) // Create adapter that extends FirebaseRecyclerAdapter class LogsAdapter(ref: DatabaseReference) : FirebaseRecyclerAdapter<FirebaseImageLog, LogsViewHolder>(FirebaseImageLog::class.java, R.layout.list_item_log, LogsViewHolder::class.java, ref) { //.. Do adapter things } // Set adapter to use reference adapter = LogsAdapter(databaseRef.orderByChild(ORDER_BY_TIMESTAMP).ref)
97. Upload your projects to
98. Full Example bit.ly/at-motion-camera Workshop Feedback bit.ly/nyc-at-workshop
99. Thank you! Rebecca Franks Android Engineering Lead at DVT @riggaroo
100. Clear all Android Apps on device: https://gist.github.com/blundell/7c0c3bb17898b28fe8122b0dc230af50 Button Example : https://github.com/androidthings/sample-button Full MainActivity: https://gist.github.com/riggaroo/b4cad83be2f81d54fd854403af029b2d Github Project with Steps as branches: https://github.com/riggaroo/android-things-workshop-camera Links