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エンジニアのためのドメイン駆動設計実践入門 / DDD for Engineer newbie
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Masatoshi Shimada
August 24, 2018
Technology
18
3.4k
エンジニアのためのドメイン駆動設計実践入門 / DDD for Engineer newbie
ドメイン駆動設計実践入門
Masatoshi Shimada
August 24, 2018
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Transcript
υϝΠϯۦಈઃܭ ΤϯδχΞͷͨΊͷυϝΠϯۦಈઃܭ࣮ફೖ !TNENUT
ࣗݾհ w ౡాխ!TNENUT w ιϑτΣΞΤϯδχΞ w 4DBMBc1ZUIPOc(PMBOHc+BWBc%%% w
גࣜձࣾΤϒϦʔॴଐ w %&-*4),*5$)&/σʔλੳܥશൠ୲ w ओʹੳج൫ɺ৴໘࠷దԽͳͲΛ୲
ΞδΣϯμʢ֓ཁʣ ࠓͷυϝΠϯۦಈઃܭΛར༻ͨ͠ɺ ΞϓϦઃܭઓུʹ͍ͭͯͷͱͳΓ·͢ɻ ʮΤϯδχΞͷͨΊͷυϝΠϯۦಈɾ࣮ફೖʯ ઓུɾઓज़ʹ͓͚ΔઓུͷͷͨΊɺ ཧઃܭɺ֎෦ઃܭɺίʔσΟϯάͳͲͷ ग़͖ͯ·ͤΜɻ
ΞδΣϯμʢରυϝΠϯུ֓ʣ ͋ͳͨιʔγϟϧήʔϜۀքʹॴଐ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ ιϑτΣΞઃܭٴͼίʔσΟϯά୲ͷ ιϑτΣΞΤϯδχΞͰ͢ɻ ొਓɿ ɹܾࡋऀʢϓϩμΫτΦʔφʔʢ10 ʣ ɹاը୲ऀʢυϝΠϯΤΩεύʔτ %& ʣ
ɹιϑτΣΞΤϯδχΞʢϓϩάϥϚ 1( ʣ
ΞδΣϯμʢొਓʣ 10 %& 1( γεςϜશମʹΛ࣋ͭਓɻ ച্͛ɾ༷શൠʹ͍ͭͯΛ࣋ͭ߹͕ଟ͍ɻ γεςϜͷ༷ۀӡ༻ʹΛ࣋ͭਓɻ ӡ༻্ͷɾ༷ʹΛ࣋ͭ߹͕ଟ͍ɻ γεςϜͷ࣮ɾγεςϜӡ༻ʹΛ࣋ͭਓɻ ઃܭ͓Αͼ࣮ʹΛ࣋ͭɻ
֤৬݉͞ΕΔ߹͋Δɻ
ΞδΣϯμ ̍จ຺ʢίϯςΩετʣ ̎จ຺ͷਤʢίϯςΩετϚοϓʣ ิ֓೦Ϟσϧ
จ຺ʢίϯςΩετʣ ̍จ຺ʢίϯςΩετʣ ̎จ຺ͷਤʢίϯςΩετϚοϓʣ ิ֓೦Ϟσϧ
จ຺ʢίϯςΩετʣ 8FCܥͷଟ͘ͷ։ൃݱʹ͓͍ͯɺ ͋Δ༷ΛՃ͢Δ͜ͱʹͳͬͨ߹ɺ ҎԼͷΑ͏ͳۀϑϩʔ͕ྲྀΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍Ͱ͢ɻ 10 %& 1( ৽ػೳ ࡞Γ͍ͨ ػೳৄࡉ
ߟ͑Δͧ ͲͷΑ͏ʹ ࣮͠Α͏
͜ͷҰ࿈ͷϑϩʔͷ͜ͱΛίϯςΩετͱݺͼ·͢ɻ ίϯςΩετͱɺ͢͡Έͪɾ຺བྷɻ·ͨɺ͋Δࣄ ฑͷഎܠपลͷঢ়گͷ͜ͱɻ 10 %& 1( ৽ػೳ ࡞Γ͍ͨ ػೳৄࡉ ߟ͑Δͧ
ͲͷΑ͏ʹ ࣮͠Α͏ จ຺ʢίϯςΩετʣ
υϝΠϯۦಈઃܭ ͋Δʹ৽ػೳͱͳΔɺ ۄͱͳΔػೳΛಋೖ͢ΔࣄʹͳΓ·ͨ͠ɻ طʹଘࡏ͢ΔΧʔυήʔϜͰ৽༷ͱͯ͠ɺ ʮΞόλʔʯΛՃ͢Δ͜ͱʹͳͬͨͱ͠·͢ɻ
ొਓͷೝߦಈ 10 %& 1( ʮΞόλʔΛಋೖ͢Δʂʯ ɹۄʹͯ͠ϢʔβՁʢ-57ʣ্Λࢦ͢ ʮΞόλʔͷΠέͯΔ༷Λߟ͑Δʂʯ ɹໃ६ͷͳ͍༷Λࢦ͢ ʮΞόλʔͷγεςϜઃܭΛߟ͑Δʂʯ ɹໃ६ͷͳ͍ઃܭΛࢦ͢
ొਓͷೝߦಈ %& Ξόλʔ͔͋͘Δ͖ɻ ɾ̍ਓ̍ମʢஉPSঁʣΛ࣋ͯͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ ɾணͤସ͑ΒΕͳ͚ΕΒͳ͍ ɾ171ͷύϥϝʔλʹͳΒͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ ɾ(7(ͷύϥϝʔλʹͳΒͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ ɾ͔ͬ͜Α͘PS͔Θ͍͘ͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ ɾήʔϜΛΓ্͛ͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ ɾചΕ͓ͯۚʹͳΒͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍
ɾإɺഎܠͳͲΛม͑ΒΕͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍
γεςϜઃܭͱ͔͋͘Δ͖ɻ ొਓͷೝߦಈ ɾଵଦɿ༷มߋΛʮָʯΛ͢Δʂ ɾؾɿ༷Λʮᘳʯʹຬͨ͢ʂ ɾၗຫɿՄೳͳݶΓʮૣ͘ʯΛ࡞Δʂ 1( ϓϩάϥϚʔࡾେඒಙ
͜͜Ͱ͍͏ɺ ɹʮໃ६ʯͱԿͷ͜ͱͰ͠ΐ͏ʁ ొਓͷೝߦಈ %& 1( ʮΞόλʔͷΠέͯΔ༷Λߟ͑Δʂʯ ɹໃ६ͷͳ͍༷Λࢦ͢ ʮΞόλʔͷγεςϜઃܭΛߟ͑Δʂʯ ɹໃ६ͷͳ͍ઃܭΛࢦ͢
ొਓͷೝߦಈ ʮໃ६ʯͱιϑτΣΞΛ։ൃ͢Δɺ εςʔΫϗϧμؒͷʮҙࣝͷζϨʯͷ͜ͱɻ ༷ܾఆͰೝͷζϨΛճආ͢Δࣄ͕ॏཁͱͳΓ·͢ɻ 10 1( %&
1( %& ొਓͷೝߦಈ ೝͷζϨΛͳͨ͘͢Ίʹɺ εςʔΫϗϧμؒͰʮձʯ͢Δ͜ͱ͕࠷ॏཁɻ ιϑτΣΞͱձͰΓཱ͍ͬͯΔ
ొਓͷೝߦಈ ձ࣌ͱͯ͠৫Ͱ͔͠௨͡ͳ͍ɺ ઐ༻ޠͰޠΒΕΔࣄ͕͋Γ·͢ɻ ͜ΕΛʮϢϏΩλεݴޠʯͱݺͼ·͢ɻ 10 1( %&
͋Δͷ༷ܾΊͷ࠷தʹɺ ͜ͷΑ͏ͳձ͕܁Γ͛ΒΕ·ͨ͠ɻ ϢϏΩλεݴޠʢೝϨϕϧʣ %&ʮثͳͯ͘େৎʁʯ 1(ʮ͑ͬɺث͕ͳ͍ͬͯʁʁʁʯ
%&ʮثͳͯ͘େৎʁʯͱʁ ϢϏΩλεݴޠʢೝϨϕϧʣ
ೝϨϕϧͰҎԼ͕ൈ͚͍ͯΔ ʮث͕എޙʹӅΕ͍ͯΔʯ ʮث͕ૉखʯ %&ʮثͳͯ͘େৎʁʯͱʁ ϢϏΩλεݴޠʢೝϨϕϧʣ
৽ͨͳϢϏΩλεݴޠ͕ੜ͠·ͨ͠ɻ എதثɺάϩʔϒ ϢϏΩλεݴޠʢೝϨϕϧʣ
ίϯςΩετʢ·ͱΊʣ ɾίϯςΩετͱ࣮ݱ͍ͨ͠ۀػೳͦͷͷ ɾίϯςΩετεςʔΫϗϧμͱͷؒͰɺ ϢϏΩλεݴޠʹΑͬͯߏங͞ΕΔ 㱺ೝͷζϨϢϏΩλεݴޠͷߏஙͰճආ͞ΕΔ ɾϢϏΩλεݴޠͱιϑτΣΞͷݪྉͦͷͷ
จ຺ͷͭͳ͗ʢίϯςΩετϚοϓʣ ̍จ຺ʢίϯςΩετʣ ̎จ຺ͷਤʢίϯςΩετϚοϓʣ ิ֓೦Ϟσϧ
ίϯςΩετϚοϓͱ ɾίϯςΩετͷू߹Ͱ֤ίϯςΩετ͕ɺ ͲͷΑ͏ʹػೳ͢Δ͔Λࣔ͢γεςϜͷ၆ᛌਤ ɾαʔϏενʔϜׂɺ ίϯςΩετϚοϓʹΑΔׂͰൃੜ͢Δ
ΞόλʔՃʹ͓͚Δ৽ུ༷֓ ɾ171ͷύϥϝʔλʹͳΒͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ ɾ(7(ͷύϥϝʔλʹͳΒͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ ɹʢઓಆྗύϥϝʔλΧʔυʹΑܾͬͯ·Δʣ ɾإɺഎܠͳͲΛม͑ΒΕͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ 171 (7(
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ༷Ճલʣ ܝࣔ൘ Ψνϟ ਐܸ νʔϜ 3BJE (7( γϣοϓ σοΩ ڧԽ
ϩά ௨ ՝ۚ Χʔυ ੩తίϯςϯπ ಈతίϯςϯπ ඇػೳܥίϯςϯπ
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ༷Ճޙʣ ܝࣔ൘ Ψνϟ ਐܸ νʔϜ 3BJE (7( γϣοϓ σοΩ ڧԽ
ϩά ௨ ՝ۚ Χʔυ ੩తίϯςϯπ ಈతίϯςϯπ ඇػೳܥίϯςϯπ Ξόλʔ ணͤସ͑ 171
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ171BOE(7(ʣ Ξόλʔͷڧ͕͞ɺ171ʢݸਓઓʣ (7(ʢνʔϜઓʣͷڧ͞ʹӨڹ͢Δ߹ɺ ͲͷΑ͏ʹઃܭ͢Δ͖Ͱ͠ΐ͏͔ɻ 171 (7(
Χʔυ 171 (7( Ξόλʔ Χʔυ Ξόλʔ Χʔυ ૉࡐ ύϥϝλ ૉମ
Ԟٛ ύϥϝλ ΞϏϦςΟ Ξόλʔ ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ171BOE(7(ʣ ઃܭॳɺҎԼΑ͏ͳίϯςΩετϚοϓΛ ఆͯ͠ਤΛඳ͍ͯݟ·ͨ͠ɻ
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ171BOE(7(ʣ Χʔυ Ξόλʔ ύϥϝλ ύϥϝλ Ԟٛ ΞϏϦςΟ ઓಆྗ͕ΞόλʔͱΧʔυʹΑΓΓཱ͓ͬͯΓɺ ΞόλʔͱΧʔυҎԼͷ௨Γ&OUJUZΛอ͍࣋ͯ͠·͢ɻ ʢ&OUJUZɿʮ࿈ଓੑʯͱʮಉҰੑʯΛอূ͢Δʣ
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ171BOE(7(ʣ 171 (7( ΧʔυYΞόλʔ O݅ʢࣗਞӦʣ ΧʔυYΞόλʔ O݅ʢఢਞӦʣ ΧʔυYΞόλʔ ݅ʢࣗʣ ΧʔυYΞόλʔ
݅ʢఢʣ ػೳؒԣஅͰਤΛॻ͘ͱҎԼͷΑ͏ʹͳΓ·ͨ͠ɻ
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ171BOE(7(ʣ ΧʔυYΞόλʔ 171ͱ(7(ͷؒʹɺΧʔυYΞόλʔΛ௨ͨ͠ɺ ૬͕ؔؔ͋Δࣄ͕ൃ֮͠·ͨ͠ɻ ΧʔυYΞόλʔͷ&OUJUZ ͷू߹ɺ171ɺ(7(ʹ ඞཁͳʮෆมతཁૉʯ
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ171BOE(7(ʣ ΧʔυYΞόλʔ 171 (7( ΧʔυYΞόλʔͷύϥϝʔλɺ 171ͱ(7(ͷύϥϝʔλʹ૬ؔ͢Δࣄ͕ ൃ֮͠·ͨ͠ɻ ͜ΕίϯςΩετͷհऀͰ͋Δࣄ Λ͍ࣔࠦͯ͠·͢ɻ
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ171BOE(7(ʣ $PNCBU1PXFS ΧʔυYΞόλʔΛʮ$PNCBU1PXFSʯͱ ໊લʢϢϏΩλεݴޠʣΛ͚ͯ&OUJUZԽͯ͠Έ·ͨ͠ɻ ػೳԣஅ͕༰қʹͳΔυϝΠϯΦϒδΣΫτΛݟ͚ͭΔ͜ͱΛ ʮϒϨΠΫεϧʔʯͱݺͼ·͢ɻ Ծʹকདྷൃੜ͢Δ༷มߋͰɺ ΧʔυͱΞόλʔҎ֎ͷԿΒ͔ ͷཁૉ͕ग़ݱͨ͠ͱͯ͠ɺ ʮ$PNCBU1PXFSʯʹΧϓη
ϧԽͯ͠ด͡ࠐΊΔ͜ͱ͕Մೳ ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ171BOE(7(ʣ 171 (7( 171ͱ(7(ͷؒʹԿΒ͔ͷ ૬ؔؔͳ͍Ͱ͠ΐ͏͔ʁ $PNCBU1PXFS
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ171BOE(7(ʣ 171 (7( ༷ͱͯ͠ଘࡏ͠·ͤΜɻ ͔͠͠ɺ171ͱ(7(ʹԿΒ͔ͷ૬ ؔؔΛՃ͑ͨΒήʔϜ͕໘ന͘ͳ ΔՄೳੑ͕͋Γ·͢ɻ 㱺υϝΠϯΦϒδΣΫτ͕໌֬ʹͳ Δͱ࣌ͱͯ͠ࢥ͍͕͚ͳ͍ಉ͕࢜ ؔ࿈͚ΒΕɺ৽Ϗδωεʹൃల͢
Δ͜ͱ͕͋Γ·͢ɻ
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ171BOE(7(ʣ 171 (7( $1 ֤ػೳؒͷڥքʮڥք͚ͮΒΕͨίϯςΩετʯͱݺͼ· ͢ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ʹίϯςΩετϚοϓΛॻ͘͜ͱʹΑΓɺػೳͷ ڥք͕໌֬ͱͳΓʮ͠ͳ͔ͳઃܭʯͱʮਂ͍ಎʯʹܨ͕Γ બͱूத͕༰қͱͳΓ·͢ɻ ࣮ࡍͷγεςϜͷ&OUJUZɺ ୯ಠͰදݱͰ͖ͣɺ
ԿΒ͔ͷ૬ؔΛ͍࣋ͬͯΔ ߹͕ଟ͋͘Γ·͢ɻ
ίϯςΩετϚοϓʢ·ͱΊʣ ɾγεςϜͷػೳΛύλʔϯࣝผͯ͠ɺ ྨͯ͠நग़͞ΕΔਤͷΑ͏ͳͷ 㱺ύλʔϯࣝผ͘͢͝େมͳߦҝɻಥવ߱ͬͯ͘Δɻ ɾίϯςΩετϚοϓΛॻ͘͜ͱͰɺ ϏδωεͷબͱूதͷஅࡐྉʹͳΔ 㱺֓೦Ϟσϧͷઃܭʹͭͳ͕Δ ɾ໊લΛ͚ΔաఔͰໃ६ෆ͕ൃ֮͢Δ 㱺໊લΛ͚ͭΔ͜ͱͰ༷͕໌֬ʹͳΔ
֓೦Ϟσϧ ̍จ຺ʢίϯςΩετʣ ̎จ຺ͷਤʢίϯςΩετϚοϓʣ ิ֓೦Ϟσϧ
υϝΠϯۦಈઃܭ ୈೋ෦Ϟσϧۦಈઃܭ ʢิʣ֓೦Ϟσϧ
ʢิʣ֓೦Ϟσϧ ίϯςΩετϚοϓΛඳ͍ͨޙʹɺ֤ৄࡉΛઃܭ͢Δ͜ ͱʹͳΓ·ͨ͠ɻ͜ͷষͰυϝΠϯۦಈઃܭ ୈೋ෦ Ϟσϧۦಈઃܭ Λݩʹઃܭ͞ΕͨΞόλʔʹ͍ͭͯղ આ͍͖ͤͯͨͩ͞·͢ɻ
֓೦Ϟσϧ 1BDLBHF ʢϞδϡʔϧʣ &OUJUZ ʢࢀরΦϒδΣΫτʣ 7BMVF0CKFDU ʢΦϒδΣΫτʣ 4FSWJDF ʢαʔϏεʣ ֓೦ϞσϧͱγεςϜͷ֓೦ͦͷɻ
ݸʑͷཁૉશͯϢϏΩλεݴޠʹΑΓߏங͞Ε·͢ɻ ֓೦Ϟσϧ
&OUJUZʢࢀরΦϒδΣΫτʣ ɾ࿈ଓੑͱಉҰੑΛཧ͢Δ 㱺͕࣌ؒܦͬͯಉ͡ܗͰදݱ͞ΕΔ ɾओཁͳఆ͕ٛଐੑʹΑͬͯఆٛ͞Εͣɺ ͦΕ͕ԿऀͰ͋Δ͔͕த৺ʹ͋Δ ɾͨͱ͑ɺਓɺࢢɺࣗಈंͳͲ 㱺Ճྸͯ͠ɺ"͞Μ"͞Μɻ
&OUJUZʢࢀরΦϒδΣΫτʣ Ұྫͱͯ͠ϓϨΠϠʔ͕อ࣋͢ΔΞόλʔ͕ɺ ҎԼͷΑ͏ͳ࢟ͩͬͨ߹ɺ ֓ͶҎԼͷ&OUJUZͷू߹ͰදݱͰ͖·͢ɻ ૉମ&OUJUZ ੑผɾإछྨ ૉࡐϧʔτ&OUJUZ ૉࡐछྨɾੑผछผɾίʔυ ૉࡐ ʢʣ
ૉࡐ ʢʣ ૉࡐ ʢثʣ ૉࡐ ʢഎܠʣ
7BMVF0CKFDUʢΦϒδΣΫτʣ ɾ֓೦తͳಉҰੑ͕ͳ͘ࣄͷಛΛ࣋ͭ ɾଐੑ͔ؔ͠৺ͷରͱͳΒͳ͍ ɾͨͱ͑ɺΞόλʔͰଐੑΛ߹ͨ͠ 㱺ૉମʢஉੑʣʴૉࡐʢεφΠύʔʣʴٱ ɹͳͲͷଐੑ͔Β૯ઓಆྗ͕ࢉग़͞ΕΔ
7BMVF0CKFDUʢΦϒδΣΫτʣ ΞόλʔͷઓಆྗΛදݱ͢Δ߹ɺ ֤&OUJUZʹΑͬͯΦϒδΣΫτ͕ߏங͞Ε·͢ɻ ϓϨΠϠʔͷઓಆྗ֤&OUJUZʹΑΓࢉग़͞Ε·͢ɻ ϓϨΠϠʔΦϒδΣΫτ ૉମ&OUJUZ ૉࡐϧʔτ&OUJUZ ମྗ&OUJUZ ٱ&OUJUZ ઓಆྗࢉग़ϝιου
4FSWJDFʢαʔϏεʣ ɾ࣌ʹɺ୯७ʹʮʯͱදݱग़དྷͳ͍͜ͱ͋Δ ɾυϝΠϯʹ͓͚Δॏཁͳϓϩηεมॲཧ͕ɺ &OUJUZΦϒδΣΫτͷࣗવͳͰͳ͍߹ɺ ϢϏΩλεݴޠͷҰ෦ͱͯ͠ఆٛ͞ΕΔ ɾͨͱ͑ɺਓͰ"͞Μʹى͖ΔԿ͔ͷࣄฑ ৯Δɺࣄ͢Δɺઓ͏ͱ͍ͬͨࣄͷ͜ͱ ɾ$MFBO"SDIJUFDUVSFͰ6TF$BTFͷ͜ͱ
4FSWJDFʢαʔϏεʣ ྫ͑ɺҎԼͷ௨ΓΞόλʔಉ͕࢜ઓ͏ͱ͢Δͱɺ ҙຯͱͯ͠ʮʯͰͳ͘ʮࣄʯͱͳΓ·͢ɻ ͜ͷ߹4FSWJDFͱͯ͠ఆٛͨ͠ํ͕ࣗવͰ͢ɻ
ʢิʣ֓೦Ϟσϧ ɾϢϏΩλεݴޠͷʮʯʮৼΔ͍ʯ͕ఆٛ͞ΕΔ ɾۀͰॏཁͳؔ৺ࣄΛཁͨ͠ 㱺υϝΠϯΤΩεύʔτ͕֓೦ϞσϧΛཧղͰ͖ͳ͍߹ɺ ֓೦ϞσϧͦͷͷʹԿΒ͔ͷ͕͋ΔͷͰཁҙ ɾ֓೦Ϟσϧۀ͕ܧଓ͢ΔݶΓෆ໓ 㱺γεςϜج൫มΘͬͯ֓೦ϞσϧมΘΒͳ͍ ྫ͑ɺۜߦόοΫۀੲ͔ΒຆͲมΘΒͳ͍
·ͱΊ ɾυϝΠϯۦಈͱɺϏδωεͷจ຺Λ֓೦Ϟσϧʹ ༁͢ΔϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ɾΤϯδχΞҎ֎ΛؚΉνʔϜϝϯόʔ͕ɺ ϢϏΩλεݴޠͰ֓೦ϞσϧΛٞ͢ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔͱɺ ઃܭͷΛ͑ͯϏδωεʹਂ͍ಎΛੜΉ͜ͱ͕͋Δɻ ɾ͋ͳ͕ͨ୲͍ͯ͠ΔγεςϜͷ ɹ֓೦ϞσϧʢυϝΠϯΦϒδΣΫτʣΛ୳ͯ͠ΈΑ͏ɻɹ
͝ਗ਼ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠