Yet... 4% of Canadian drivers 13% of US drivers 54% of Turkish drivers 5 drive without a seatbelt https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seat_belt_use_rates_by_country
Why? 6 01 02 03 04 Find them uncomfortable Over 65s find them restricting Do not think they ever need them Think they’re less likely to have an accident https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-magazine-monitor-29416372
18 # typed: true extend(T::Sig) sig do params(opts: T::Hash[Symbol, Integer]) .returns(Integer) end def foo(opts) opts.fetch("bar") end foo(bar: 1) foo.rb
24 Sorbet is mandatory in CI May 2019 Sorbet over all files Mar 2019 Sorbet is open-sourced Jun 2019 Shopify gets access to Sorbet Jul 2018 Sorbet introduced in Core Oct 2018 Timeline
26 Built a runtime component No runtime component Problem ﹘ Initial version built in-house (waffle-cone) ﹘ Shared our work with the Sorbet team ﹘ Later on switched to sorbet-runtime
27 Built a gem RBI generator All constants must resolve Problem ﹘ Initial version built on YARD ﹘ Decided that structure of constants more important ﹘ Built a runtime reflection based tool ﹘ Open sourced as tapioca
28 Built Rubocop rules Some Ruby constructs are not supported Problem ﹘ Initial rules bundled with waffle-cone ﹘ Extracted out to rubocop-sorbet ﹘ Open sourced
29 Built DSL plugins for Sorbet Metaprogramming Problem ﹘ Based on simple class method name matching ﹘ Can run Ruby scripts to generate interface ﹘ Contributed to Sorbet, documented ﹘ Slow and error-prone
30 RBI generator for models Rails support Problem ﹘ Rake task to generate RBI files for AR models ﹘ Based on sorbet-rails ﹘ Planning switch to sorbet-rails
45 Metaprogramming support ﹘ If you use a lot of DSLs, you will need to generate RBI files for them. ﹘ Limited ability to extend Sorbet to understand more syntax. DSL plugins too slow. Pitfall 1
46 Some missing stdlib signatures ﹘ Stdlib/core method signatures are maintained by the Sorbet team. ﹘ No full coverage, so you might get some errors for perfectly valid Ruby code. ﹘ Contribute missing signatures back to Sorbet. Pitfall 2
48 No dynamic superclass/mixin def superclass Class.new end def mixin Module.new end class Baz < superclass # error: ^ Superclasses must only contain constant literals include mixin # error: ^ include must only contain constant literals end Pitfall 4
49 Runtime type checking overhead ﹘ Checking types at runtime adds ~7% overhead. ﹘ Not a problem for dev and test. ﹘ Might not want it for production. Pitfall 5
53 Add Sorbet to your project ﹘ Add sorbet, sorbet-runtime and tapioca to your Gemfile ﹘ Run bundle exec tapioca init ﹘ Run bundle exec tapioca sync Step 2 (alt)
54 Start by typing new code ﹘ Easier to type when adding new code. ﹘ Add types to existing code when it is easy and convenient. ﹘ Use rubocop-sorbet to add template signatures to existing code in bulk Step 3
55 Lean on gradual typing ﹘ You can type as much or as little as you want. ﹘ Start small, increase coverage slowly. ﹘ Don’t break other people’s workflows. Step 4
56 Don’t overtype ﹘ It is OK to use simpler signatures ﹘ There is no harm in using T.untyped when needed. ﹘ Your colleagues should not need a PhD in type theory to make code changes. Step 5
57 Track your progress ﹘ Sorbet metrics via --metrics-file flag ﹘ Easy to parse JSON format ﹘ Set up a nightly task and dashboard to track progress Step 6
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