大規模プロジェクトにおける段階的な技術刷新

ABEMAではKotlin Multiplatformの本格採用を加速させつつ、ネイティブ実装部分をSwiftUIやSwift Concurrencyといったモダンな技術スタックに移行するため、プロジェクトを新たに作成して画面単位で移行する長期的なプロジェクトが進んでいます。 この発表では移行プロジェクトの概要と、主にSwift 6についての対応方針やXcode Playgroundを活用したキャッチアップの取り組みについてご紹介します。

https://cyberagent.connpass.com/event/342952/

Transcript

1. 2025/03/03 CA.swift #22 େن໛ϓϩδΣΫτʹ͓͚Δ ஈ֊తͳٕज़࡮৽ גࣜձࣾAbemaTV ҆Ҫ ӯஉ
2. ࣗݾ঺հ • ҆Ҫ ӯஉ / Akio Yasui • 2019೥ גࣜձࣾAbemaTV ৽ଔೖࣾ • SNS: @akkyie • iOS ΞϓϦͷج൫पΓΛ୲౰ • 2021೥͝Ζ͔ΒΞʔΩςΫνϟؔ࿈ͷऔΓ૊Έ
3. ΞδΣϯμ • എܠ • ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ • ৽ϓϩδΣΫτͷٕज़ελοΫ • ΩϟονΞοϓͷͨΊͷऔΓ૊Έ • ࠓޙͷऔΓ૊Έ
4. എܠ
5. എܠ ։ہ10प೥Λܴ͑Α͏ͱ͍ͯ͠ΔABEMA גࣜձࣾAbemaTV ձࣾઆ໌ࢿྉ https://speakerdeck.com/abematv/zhu-shi-hui-she-abematv-hui-she-shuo-ming-zi-liao
6. എܠ ։ہ10प೥Λܴ͑Α͏ͱ͍ͯ͠ΔABEMA גࣜձࣾAbemaTV ձࣾઆ໌ࢿྉ https://speakerdeck.com/abematv/zhu-shi-hui-she-abematv-hui-she-shuo-ming-zi-liao
7. എܠ ෛ࠴Խ͢Δٕज़ͱɺ৽ͨͳτϨϯυ CocoaPods RxSwift Unmaintained Third-party Libraries Storyboard SwiftPM SwiftUI Kotlin Multiplatform Concurrency
8. എܠ ෛ࠴Խ͢Δٕज़ͱɺ৽ͨͳτϨϯυ CocoaPods RxSwift Unmaintained Third-party Libraries Storyboard SwiftPM SwiftUI Kotlin Multiplatform Concurrency
9. എܠ Kotlin Multiplatformͷಋೖ • 2021೥͝Ζ͔ΒKotlin MultiplatformͷಋೖݕূΛ։࢝ → ຊ֨ಋೖΛܾఆ • 2025೥ݱࡏɺiOSଆΛؚΊͨ΄ͱΜͲͷϞόΠϧΤϯδχΞ͕ Kotlin Multiplatformͷڞ௨࣮૷΋ؚΊͯ։ൃ͍ͯ͠Δ ABEMAϞόΠϧΞϓϦ։ൃͷDevOpsઓུ (2022) https://cadc.cyberagent.co.jp/2022/program/abema-mobile-app-devops/ AbemaTV, Inc. All Rights Reserved
 1 Multiplatform Engineering Roadmap for the Future (2021) https://developer.abema.io/2021/sessions/bvjpwJEoGP/
10. എܠ Kotlin Multiplatformͷಋೖ Swift ωΠςΟϒ ࣮૷ Swift UI࣮૷ KMP ڞ௨࣮૷ طଘ ཧ૝ܥ API
11. എܠ Kotlin Multiplatformͷಋೖ Ͳ͏Ҡߦ͢Δ͔ʁ طଘ ཧ૝ܥ Swift ωΠςΟϒ ࣮૷ Swift UI࣮૷ KMP ڞ௨࣮૷ API
12. എܠ Kotlin Multiplatformͷಋೖ CocoaPods RxSwift Unmaintained Third-party Libraries Storyboard ෛ࠴Խͨ͠ ґଘ΍ઃܭɾ࣮૷Λ Ҿ͖ܧ͗ͭͭҠߦ͢Δͷ͸ ίετ͕ߴ͍
13. എܠ Kotlin Multiplatformͷಋೖ CocoaPods RxSwift Unmaintained Third-party Libraries Storyboard ෛ࠴Խͨ͠ ґଘ΍ઃܭɾ࣮૷Λ Ҿ͖ܧ͗ͭͭҠߦ͢Δͷ͸ ίετ͕ߴ͍ ผϓϩδΣΫτԽͯ͠ ஈ֊తʹҠߦ
14. ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ
15. ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ ͜Ε·ͰͷϓϩδΣΫτߏ੒ KMP ڞ௨࣮૷ طଘ࣮૷ ґଘϥΠϒϥϦ (CocoaPods) abema-ios abema-native
16. ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ ৽ͨͳϓϩδΣΫτߏ੒ KMP ڞ௨࣮૷ طଘ࣮૷ ґଘϥΠϒϥϦ (CocoaPods) ৽ϓϩδΣΫτ ґଘϥΠϒϥϦ (SwiftPM) abema-ios abema-native
17. ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ ৽ͨͳϓϩδΣΫτߏ੒ KMP ڞ௨࣮૷ طଘ࣮૷ ґଘϥΠϒϥϦ (CocoaPods) ৽ϓϩδΣΫτ ґଘϥΠϒϥϦ (SwiftPM) abema-ios abema-native ৽ϓϩδΣΫτͰ͸ େ෦෼ΛKMPͰڞ௨Խ͢Δ લఏͷઃܭɾ࣮૷ʹدͤΔ SwiftPMɺConcurrencyͳͲ ৽نٕज़ελοΫͷಋೖ
18. ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ ৽ͨͳϓϩδΣΫτߏ੒ KMP ڞ௨࣮૷ طଘ࣮૷ ґଘϥΠϒϥϦ (CocoaPods) ৽ϓϩδΣΫτ ґଘϥΠϒϥϦ (SwiftPM) abema-ios abema-native ❌ ৽ϓϩδΣΫτ͔Β طଘ࣮૷ʹ͸ ΞΫηεͰ͖ͳ͍ → چ࣮૷͕ ࢒Γଓ͚ΔͷΛ๷͙
19. ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ ৽ͨͳϓϩδΣΫτߏ੒ KMP ڞ௨࣮૷ طଘ࣮૷ ґଘϥΠϒϥϦ (CocoaPods) ৽ϓϩδΣΫτ ґଘϥΠϒϥϦ (SwiftPM) abema-ios abema-native طଘ࣮૷͔Β SwiftPMͷґଘ΋࢖͑Δ → ੵۃతʹґଘ؅ཧΛ ҠߦͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ
20. ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ ৽ͨͳϓϩδΣΫτߏ੒ abema-ios abema-native طଘ࣮૷ public class NewViewController: UIViewController { ... } public struct NewView: View { ... } طଘϓϩδΣΫτ͸ը໘୯ҐͰ ৽ϓϩδΣΫτͷ࣮૷Λར༻ → طଘͷϧʔςΟϯάʹ૊ΈࠐΈ΍͘͢
21. ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ ৽ͨͳϓϩδΣΫτߏ੒ abema-ios abema-native طଘ࣮૷ public class NewViewController: UIViewController { ... } public struct NewView: View { ... } ը໘දࣔ࣌ʹ Feature Flag ʹΑͬͯ੾Γସ͑Δ ஈ֊తʹద༻ൣғΛ޿͛Δɾෆ۩߹͕͋Ε͹طଘ࣮૷ʹ੾Γ໭͠ ʢετϥϯάϥʔϑΟάɾύλʔϯͷ࣮ફʣ
22. ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ Ҡߦͷεςʔλε • ओͳ࡞඼λΠϓ3छྨͷ͏ͪɺ1छྨͷࢹௌը໘͕ҠߦࡁΈ • ಈը࠶ੜ΍ෳࡶͳΠϯλϥΫγϣϯΛؚΉओཁͳը໘͕ҠߦͰ͖͍ͯΔ • ଞ2छྨͷҠߦ΋ਐߦத • ৽نػೳͷ࣮૷͸ੵۃతʹ৽ϓϩδΣΫτଆͰߦ͏ํ਑ • ىಈ࣌ͷγʔέϯεͳͲΛؚΜͩج൫తͳ࣮૷ͷҠߦ΋ܭըத
23. ৽ϓϩδΣΫτͷٕज़ελοΫ
24. ৽ϓϩδΣΫτͷٕज़ελοΫ • Swift Package Manager • طଘͷCocoaPods͔Βஈ֊తʹґଘΛҠߦத • ΞϓϦ಺ͷϞδϡʔϧఆٛʹ͸࢖༻͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ʢޙड़ʣ • SwiftUI • طଘͱͷܨ͗ࠐΈ΋౿·͑ͯɺϧʔςΟϯά͸UIKitϕʔε ʢUIViewControllerϕʔεʣͰߦ͏ • ֤ը໘୯ҐͰͷUI࣮૷΍ঢ়ଶ؅ཧ͸SwiftUIϕʔε • SwiftUIಋೖʹ͋ͨͬͯͷ޻෉͸ኍ઒͞Μͷηογϣϯʹͯ • Concurrency • Strict Checking΋CompleteͰӡ༻தʢޙड़ʣ
25. ৽ϓϩδΣΫτͷٕज़ελοΫ Swift Package Manager • αʔυύʔςΟʔϥΠϒϥϦ΁ͷґଘͳͲΛCocoaPods͔ΒҠߦத • ΞϓϦ಺ͷϞδϡʔϧఆٛʹ΋࢖༻͍ͯͨ͠ → طଘͱಉ͘͡XcodeGenʹΑΔఆٛʹ໭ͨ͠ • Kotlin Multiplatformͱͷ૬ੑ໰୊ʢݕূ౰࣌ʣ • KMPଆ΋౎౓Ϗϧυ͍͕ͨ͠ɺSwiftPMͰ͸੍໿͕ଟ͍ ʢBuild ToolͰ͸ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ͸ੜ੒ɾࢀরͰ͖ͳ͍ɾ Gradleͷ࣮ߦʹඞཁͳωοτϫʔΫΞΫηεͳͲΛڐՄͰ͖ͳ͍ʣ • XcodeଆͷPre-build ActionͰXCFrameworkΛੜ੒ͯ͠ࢀর͢Δ͔͠ͳ͍ → Ϗϧυ͕ෆ҆ఆʹͳΔ໰୊͕͋ͬͨ • طଘϓϩδΣΫτଆʹ΋໰୊͕೾ٴͨ͠ • Debug/ReleaseͰґଘΛ੾Γସ͑ΒΕͳ͍ʢະ࣮૷ʣ
26. ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ Concurrency • طଘϓϩδΣΫτʹ͓͚ΔରԠํ਑ • Swift 5ϞʔυͰӡ༻͠ɺConcurrency͸ੵۃతʹ͸ಋೖ͠ͳ͍ • ޿ൣʹར༻͍ͯ͠ΔRxSwiftͳͲͱซ༻͢ΔܗͰӡ༻͢Δͷ͸ ೉қ౓͕ߴ͍ • → ಘΒΕΔԸܙʹରͯ͠ɺ݁ՌతʹෳࡶԽͨ͠Γෆ҆ఆͳ࣮૷ʹͳΔ ϦεΫ͕େ͖͍ • طଘϓϩδΣΫτ಺ͰͷҠߦΑΓ΋ɺ৽ϓϩδΣΫτ΁ͷҠߦΛ ༏ઌ͢Δ
27. ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐΊํ Concurrency • ৽ϓϩδΣΫτʹ͓͚ΔରԠํ਑ • Swift 6Ϟʔυʹ͸Ͱ͖͍ͯͳ͍ʢҰ౓༗ޮԽͨ͠ޙʹແޮԽʣ • KMP͕ੜ੒ͨ͠Objective-CϑϨʔϜϫʔΫʹ౉ͨ͠Ϋϩʔδϟ͕ ݺͼग़͞Εͨͱ͖ɺSwiftϥϯλΠϜ͕Ϋϥογϡ͢Δ৔߹͕͋Δ • ࢀߟ: https://aplus.rs/2024/objective-c-callback-crashes-swift6/ • → Swift 5Ϟʔυʹ໭ͭͭ͠ɺSwift 6Ͱ ༗ޮʹͳΔUpcoming FeaturesΛ શͯΦϯʹͯ͠ӡ༻த ʢStrict Checking: CompleteΛؚΊͯʣ • KotlinͷSwift exportʹظ଴ʁ
28. ৽ϓϩδΣΫτͷٕज़ελοΫ Concurrency • ϙϦγʔΛࣾ಺υΩϡϝϯτͱͯ͠໌จԽͯ͠ӡ༻த
29. ৽ϓϩδΣΫτͷٕज़ελοΫ Concurrency ରԠํ਑ • ४ڌͰ͖Δσʔλܕ͸ Sendable ʹ४ڌͤ͞Δ • UIؔ࿈ͷܕ΍ॲཧ͸ @MainActor Λ෇༩͢Δ • UIͷঢ়ଶ؅ཧͳͲΛεϨουηʔϑʹ࣮૷͢ΔϝϦοτΑΓ΋ ࣮૷ෛ୲ͷܰݮΛʢݱঢ়Ͱ͸ʣ༏ઌ͢Δ • Swift 6 ͕ಋೖ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍֎෦ϥΠϒϥϦΛ࢖͏ࡍͷରԠखஈ • MainActor ͷΈ͔ΒΞΫηε͢Δ • Sendable ʹ४ڌͤ͞Δ • Sendable ͳܕͰϥοϓ͢Δ • nonisolated(unsafe) let ม਺Λఆٛ͢Δ • ʢ࠷ऴखஈͱͯ͠ʣ @preconcurrency import Λ࢖͏
30. ৽ϓϩδΣΫτͷٕज़ελοΫ Concurrency ӡ༻্ͷ޻෉ • TaskBag ܕͷಋೖ • RxSwiftͷ DisposeBag ͱಉ༷ͷ ࢖͍উखͰ Task Λ؅ཧ
31. ৽ϓϩδΣΫτͷٕज़ελοΫ Concurrency ӡ༻্ͷ޻෉ • TaskBag ܕͷಋೖ • RxSwiftͷ DisposeBag ͱಉ༷ͷ ࢖͍উखͰ Task Λ؅ཧ • TaskBag Ͱ͸ @_implicitSelfCapture ଐੑΛ Ϋϩʔδϟʹ෇༩͠ͳ͍ • deinit ىҼͰΩϟϯηϧ͍ͨ͠ ॲཧ͕ self ͷ҉໧తͳΩϟϓνϟ ʹΑͬͯΩϟϯηϧ͞Εͳ͘ͳΔ ࣄ৅Λ๷͙
32. ΩϟονΞοϓͷͨΊͷऔΓ૊Έ
33. ΩϟονΞοϓͷͨΊͷऔΓ૊Έ ࣄۀ෦Λލ͍ͩڞ༗ձ • ABEMAɺλοϓϧɺAmebaɺCLͷϝϯόʔΛத৺ͱ֤ͯ͠ࣄۀ෦ͷ ରԠঢ়گ΍஌ݟΛࣾ಺શମʹڞ༗
34. ΩϟονΞοϓͷͨΊͷऔΓ૊Έ Concurrency Playground • Concurrencyʹؔ͢Δجૅ஌ࣝΛΩϟονΞοϓ͢ΔͨΊͷ Xcode PlaygroundΛ࡞੒͠ɺࣾ಺Ͱల։
35. ΩϟονΞοϓͷͨΊͷऔΓ૊Έ Concurrency Playground ࣮ࡍʹಈ࡞͢ΔίʔυͰ Actor΍Sendableͷ໾ׂΛ ֬ೝͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ
36. ࠓޙͷऔΓ૊Έ
37. ࠓޙͷऔΓ૊Έ • ҠߦϓϩδΣΫτͷਐߦ • ֤ը໘ͷ࣮૷΍ج൫࣮૷ɺґଘ؅ཧͷҠߦΛਐΊΔ • ϞϊϦϙδτϦԽ • ։ൃޮ཰Λߋʹ޲্ͤ͞ΔͨΊɺطଘϓϩδΣΫτ΋KMP࣮૷΍ ৽ϓϩδΣΫτͱಉ͡ϦϙδτϦʹҠ؅͢Δ • ௕ظతʹ͸Android΍tvOSͷϓϩδΣΫτ౷߹΋ࢹ໺ • ӡ༻ϙϦγʔɾΩϟονΞοϓࢿྉͷॆ࣮ • ConcurrencyͳͲ৽͍ٕ͠ज़ελοΫͷӡ༻࣮੷ΛੵΈͭͭɺ ஌ݟΛࢿྉԽ͍ͯ͘͠ • Ώ͘Ώ͘͸ࣾ֎ൃ৴΋…ʁ
38. ·ͱΊ • ABEMAͰ͸KMPத৺ͷ࣮૷ʹҠߦ͢Δͱಉ࣌ʹɺٕज़ελοΫͷ࡮৽΋ ਐΊ͍ͯΔ • ϓϩδΣΫτΛ৽نʹ࡞੒ͯ͠ը໘୯ҐͰऔΓࠐΉ͜ͱͰɺٕज़తෛ࠴Λ ղফͭͭ͠ஈ֊తʹ৽ϓϩδΣΫτଆ΁Ҡߦ͍ͯ͠Δ • ConcurrencyͳͲͷ৽͍ٕ͠ज़ελοΫʹ͍ͭͯ͸ɺӡ༻ϙϦγʔ΍ ΩϟονΞοϓࢿྉΛ੔උͯ͠ಋೖΛ࢝Ί͍ͯΔ • ௕ظతʹଞϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ΋ؚΊͨϞϊϦϙδτϦԽ΋ݕ౼ 10प೥Λݟਾ͑ɺ͞ΒʹਐԽ͢ΔABEMA΁