Using Eta for what you don't like writing in Scala

The integration of Scala with a lazy-by-default, modern and statically-typed functional language could lead to some interesting language-heterogeneous implementations despite the fact that the Eta programming language is missing a comprehensive documentation, robust concurrency support and an interactive REPL.

This talk aims to cover some of those interaction patterns to help both people already working or struggling with Haskell, and through that to also motivate the use of Eta for those still unfamiliar with this "end of the FP spectrum".

Transcript

1. May 2017 @filippovitale Using for what you don't like writing in .
7. What is Eta?
8. https://jaxenter.com/pirates-of-the-jvm-the-infographic-132524.html
9. https://jaxenter.com/pirates-of-the-jvm-the-infographic-132524.html
10. Modern Haskell on the JVM - Rahul Muttineni - github.com/typelead/eta - github.com/typelead/etlas - github.com/typelead/eta-hackage - Objectives - JVM + Haskell Ecosystems - Accessibility for beginners It is GHC 7.10.3
11. Modern Haskell on the JVM - Rahul Muttineni - github.com/typelead/eta - github.com/typelead/etlas - github.com/typelead/eta-hackage - Objectives - JVM + Haskell Ecosystems - Accessibility for beginners forked from haskell/cabal It is GHC 7.10.3
12. Modern Haskell on the JVM - Rahul Muttineni - github.com/typelead/eta - github.com/typelead/etlas - github.com/typelead/eta-hackage - Objectives - JVM + Haskell Ecosystems - Accessibility for beginners forked from haskell/cabal set of patches for particular packages from Hackage that cannot be built out-of-the-box It is GHC 7.10.3
13. What does Eta compile?
14. module Main where import System.CPUTime main :: IO () main = getCPUTime >>= print object Main extends App { println(System.nanoTime() * 1000) } https://github.com/filippovitale/eta-playground/tree/master/simplest-ghc-program
15. module Main where import System.CPUTime main :: IO () main = getCPUTime >>= print object Main extends App { println(System.nanoTime() * 1000) } λ> :t getCPUTime getCPUTime :: IO Integer
16. module Main where import System.CPUTime main :: IO () main = getCPUTime >>= print object Main extends App { println(System.nanoTime() * 1000) } λ> :t print print :: Show a => a -> IO () λ> :t getCPUTime getCPUTime :: IO Integer λ> :i Integer … instance Show Integer
17. module Main where import System.CPUTime main :: IO () main = getCPUTime >>= print object Main extends App { println(System.nanoTime() * 1000) }
18. module Main where import System.CPUTime main :: IO () main = getCPUTime >>= print object Main extends App { nanoTime() * 1000 |> println }
19. $ cat > Main.hs stack ghc Main.hs && ./Main
20. $ cat > Main.hs $ eta Main.hs [1 of 1] Compiling Main ( Main.hs, Main.jar ) Linking RunMain.jar ...
21. $ cat > Main.hs $ eta Main.hs [1 of 1] Compiling Main ( Main.hs, Main.jar ) Linking RunMain.jar ... $ java -jar RunMain.jar 422227000000
22. $ cat > Main.hs $ eta Main.hs [1 of 1] Compiling Main ( Main.hs, Main.jar ) Linking RunMain.jar ... Driver .hs ghc Core STG https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/1992/04/spineless-tagless-gmachine.pdf
23. $ cat > Main.hs $ eta Main.hs [1 of 1] Compiling Main ( Main.hs, Main.jar ) Linking RunMain.jar ... Driver Parser Typechecker Desugarer Optimizer Simplifier Code Generator .hs Core STG ghc http://www.aosabook.org/en/ghc.html
24. $ cat > Main.hs $ eta Main.hs [1 of 1] Compiling Main ( Main.hs, Main.jar ) Linking RunMain.jar ... Driver Parser Typechecker Desugarer Optimizer Simplifier Code Generator .hs Core STG .jar
25. $ cat > Main.hs $ eta Main.hs [1 of 1] Compiling Main ( Main.hs, Main.jar ) Linking RunMain.jar ... $ ls -lh -rw-r--r-- 711B Main.hi -rw-r--r-- 84B Main.hs -rw-r--r-- 3.3K Main.jar -rw-r--r-- 18M RunMain.jar - Main.jar content - all the dependencies - GHC runtime-system https://github.com/filippovitale/eta-playground/tree/master/simplest-ghc-program
26. How can we use libs from the JVM ecosystem?
28. {-# LANGUAGE MagicHash #-} module Main where import Java -- foreign import declaration foreign import java unsafe "@static java.lang.System.nanoTime" nanoTimeIO :: IO Int64 main :: IO () main = nanoTimeIO >>= print $ eta Main.hs && java -jar RunMain.jar [1 of 1] Compiling Main ( Main.hs, Main.jar ) Linking RunMain.jar ... 149320110727531 IO Monad https://github.com/filippovitale/eta-playground/blob/master/java-static-import
29. {-# LANGUAGE MagicHash #-} module Main where import Java -- foreign import declaration foreign import java unsafe "@static java.lang.System.nanoTime" nanoTimeJava :: Java a Int64 main :: IO () main = java nanoTimeJava >>= print $ eta Main.hs && java -jar RunMain.jar [1 of 1] Compiling Main ( Main.hs, Main.jar ) Linking RunMain.jar ... 149319575014401 java :: Java c a -> IO a Java Monad
30. {-# LANGUAGE MagicHash #-} module Main where import Java -- foreign import declarations foreign import java unsafe "@static java.lang.System.nanoTime" nanoTimeJava :: Java a Int64 foreign import java unsafe "@static java.lang.System.nanoTime" nanoTimeIO :: IO Int64 forall a. Java a b -- isomorphic to -- IO b https://github.com/typelead/eta/issues/255#issuecomment-290937594
31. {-# LANGUAGE MagicHash #-} module Main where import Java -- foreign import declarations foreign import java unsafe "@static java.lang.System.nanoTime" nanoTimeJava :: Java a Int64 foreign import java unsafe "@static java.lang.System.nanoTime" nanoTimeIO :: IO Int64 foreign import java unsafe "@static java.lang.System.nanoTime" nanoTimePlain :: Int64 main :: IO () main = do java nanoTimeJava >>= print java nanoTimeJava >>= print nanoTimeIO >>= print nanoTimeIO >>= print print nanoTimePlain print nanoTimePlain
32. {-# LANGUAGE MagicHash #-} module Main where import Java -- foreign import declarations foreign import java unsafe "@static java.lang.System.nanoTime" nanoTimeJava :: Java a Int64 foreign import java unsafe "@static java.lang.System.nanoTime" nanoTimeIO :: IO Int64 foreign import java unsafe "@static java.lang.System.nanoTime" nanoTimePlain :: Int64 main :: IO () main = do java nanoTimeJava >>= print java nanoTimeJava >>= print nanoTimeIO >>= print nanoTimeIO >>= print print nanoTimePlain print nanoTimePlain $ java -jar RunMain.jar 149319575014401 149320109787317 149320110727531 149320111517553 149320112027191 149320112027191 https://github.com/filippovitale/eta-playground/blob/master/java-static-import
33. From Java static methods to full libraries
34. https://github.com/filippovitale/eta-playground/tree/master/javafx-canvas-grid
35. $ mkdir javafx-canvas-grid && cd "$_" $ etlas init && tree . ├── LICENSE ├── Setup.hs ├── javafx-canvas-grid.cabal
36. $ mkdir javafx-canvas-grid && cd "$_" $ etlas init && tree . ├── LICENSE ├── Setup.hs ├── javafx-canvas-grid.cabal └── src ├── CanvasGridApp.hs ├── JavaFX │ ├── │ ├── │ └── ├── JavaFX.hs └── Main.hs
37. $ mkdir javafx-canvas-grid && cd "$_" $ etlas init && tree . ├── LICENSE ├── Setup.hs ├── javafx-canvas-grid.cabal └── src ├── CanvasGridApp.hs ├── JavaFX │ ├── Core.hs │ ├── Methods.hs │ └── Types.hs ├── JavaFX.hs └── Main.hs
38. module JavaFX.Types where import Java data {-# CLASS "javafx.stage.Stage" #-} Stage = Stage (Object# Stage) deriving Class data {-# CLASS "javafx.scene.Scene" #-} Scene = Scene (Object# Scene) deriving Class data {-# CLASS "javafx.scene.Group" #-} Group = Group (Object# Group) deriving Class -- There is a default instance for “object arrays” data {-# CLASS "javafx.scene.canvas.Canvas" #-} Canvas = Canvas (Object# Canvas) deriving Class data {-# CLASS "javafx.scene.canvas.Canvas[]" #-} Canvases = Canvases (Object# Canvases) der... instance JArray Canvas Canvases src/JavaFX/Types.hs
39. module JavaFX.Methods where import Java import JavaFX.Types -- Stage methods foreign import java unsafe "show" show :: Java Stage () foreign import java unsafe "setTitle" setTitle :: String -> Java Stage () foreign import java unsafe "setScene" setScene :: Scene -> Java Stage () -- GraphicsContext methods foreign import java unsafe "fillOval" fillOval :: Double -> Double -> Double -> Double -> Java GraphicsContext () src/JavaFX/Methods.hs
40. import javafx.application.Application import javafx.stage.Stage class CanvasGridApp extends Application { override def start(primaryStage: Stage): Unit = { ??? } }
41. module CanvasGridApp where import Java data {-# CLASS "org.eta.CanvasGridApp extends javafx.application.Application" #-} CanvasGridApp = CanvasGridApp (Object# CanvasGridApp) start :: Stage -> Java CanvasGridApp () start primaryStage = undefined foreign export java "start" start :: Stage -> Java CanvasGridApp () src/CanvasGridApp.hs class CanvasGridApp extends Application { override def start(primaryStage: Stage): Unit = { ??? } }
42. start :: Stage -> Java CanvasGridApp () start primaryStage = do c <- newCanvas w h gc <- c <.> getGraphicsContext2D src/CanvasGridApp.hs -- Execute a Java action in the Java monad of another class -- with respect to the given object. (<.>) :: (Class c) => c -> Java c a -> Java b a
43. start :: Stage -> Java CanvasGridApp () start primaryStage = do c <- newCanvas w h gc <- c <.> getGraphicsContext2D forM_ [(i, j) | i <- [0..(n-1)], j <- [0..(n-1)]] $ \(i, j) -> gc <.> fillOval (u*i) (u*j) (u*r) (u*r) src/CanvasGridApp.hs
44. start :: Stage -> Java CanvasGridApp () start primaryStage = do c <- newCanvas w h gc <- c <.> getGraphicsContext2D forM_ [(i, j) | i <- [0..(n-1)], j <- [0..(n-1)]] $ \(i, j) -> gc <.> fillOval (u*i) (u*j) (u*r) (u*r) s <- (newGroup c) >>= newScene primaryStage <.> (setScene s >> setTitle "Eta-JavaFX CanvasGrid" >> show) where w = 320 h = 320 n = 8 u = (min w h) / n r = 0.9 src/CanvasGridApp.hs
45. $ etlas run Resolving dependencies... Configuring javafx-canvas-grid-0.1.0.0... Preprocessing executable 'javafx-canvas-grid' Building executable 'javafx-canvas-grid' [1 of 6] Compiling JavaFX.Types [2 of 6] Compiling JavaFX.Methods [3 of 6] Compiling JavaFX.Core [4 of 6] Compiling JavaFX [5 of 6] Compiling CanvasGridApp [6 of 6] Compiling Main Linking dist/build/javafx-canvas-grid/javafx-canvas-grid.jar ... Running javafx-canvas-grid... https://github.com/filippovitale/eta-playground/tree/master/javafx-canvas-grid
46. Old school Demoscene
47. https://pouet.net/
48. http://www.p01.org/
49. http://jamie-wong.com/2016/07/15/ray-marching-signed-distance-functions/ http://www.iquilezles.org/www/material/nvscene2008/rwwtt.pdf Signed Distance Function http://www.p01.org/tea_storm/ Here be Dragons
50. start :: Stage -> Java TeaStormApp () start primaryStage = do t0 <- nanoTime c <- newCanvas w h s <- (newGroup c) >>= newScene loop <- newAnimationLoop c t0 n u m loop <.> startAnimation primaryStage <.> (setTitle "Eta-JavaFX TeaStorm" >> setScene s >> show) where n = 96 m = 10 w = n * m h = n * m u = (min w h) / n src/TeaStormApp.hs https://github.com/filippovitale/eta-playground/tree/master/javafx-teastorm
51. start :: Stage -> Java TeaStormApp () start primaryStage = do t0 <- nanoTime c <- newCanvas w h s <- (newGroup c) >>= newScene loop <- newAnimationLoop c t0 n u m loop <.> startAnimation primaryStage <.> (setTitle "Eta-JavaFX TeaStorm" >> setScene s >> show) where n = 96 m = 10 w = n * m h = n * m u = (min w h) / n src/TeaStormApp.hs
52. name: javafx-teastorm version: 0.1.0.0 homepage: https://github.com/filippovitale/eta-playground/javafx-teastorm executable javafx-teastorm main-is: Main.hs java-sources: java/teastorm/AnimationLoop.java build-depends: base >=4.8 && <4.9 hs-source-dirs: src default-language: Haskell2010 javafx-teastorm.cabal
53. public class AnimationLoop extends AnimationTimer { public AnimationLoop(Canvas c, long t0, double n, double u, double m) {...} private static double computeIntensity(final double x, final double y, final double s, final double t) { double intensity = 1; for (double d = intensity * 4, df = 1; .025 < df * intensity; intensity -= .025) { double X = d * x / s - d / 2; double Y = d * y / s - d / 2; double Z = d / 2 - 9; df = (X * X + Y * Y * Math.cos(t/6 + Math.cos(d - X - Y)) + Z * Z) / 12 - 1 + Math.cos(X + t) * Math.cos(Y - t); d += df; } return intensity; } @Override public void handle(long currentNanoTime) { double t = (currentNanoTime - t0) / (500 * oneMillisecondInNanoTime); gc.clearRect(0, 0, w, h); // clear the Canvas for (int x = 0; x < n; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < n; y++) { double i = computeIntensity(x, y, n, t); gc.setGlobalAlpha(i); gc.fillOval(x * u, y * u, i * m * 1.4, i * m * 1.4); } } } }
54. $ etlas run Resolving dependencies... Configuring javafx-teastorm-0.1.0.0... Preprocessing executable 'javafx-teastorm' for javafx-teastorm-0.1.0.0.. Building executable 'javafx-teastorm' for javafx-teastorm-0.1.0.0.. [1 of 6] Compiling JavaFX.Types [2 of 6] Compiling JavaFX.Methods [3 of 6] Compiling TeaStormApp [4 of 6] Compiling JavaFX.Core [5 of 6] Compiling JavaFX [6 of 6] Compiling Main Linking dist/build/javafx-teastorm/javafx-teastorm.jar ... Running javafx-teastorm... https://github.com/filippovitale/eta-playground/tree/master/javafx-teastorm
55. Eta is embeddable: you can export Haskell functions to the JVM
56. Source Sink
57. Boba Fett WARAWHWHAHOR
58. FileIO.fromPath(jsonPath) .via(gunzip()) .via(lineSplitter) .map(_.utf8String) .via(extractNameFlow) .via(wookieeFlow) .runWith(Sink.foreach(println)) extractNameFlow wookieeFlow https://github.com/filippovitale/eta-playground/tree/master/scala-akka-stream-eta-wookiee
59. name: scala-akka-stream-eta-wookiee version: 0.1.0.0 cabal-version: >=1.10 executable scala-akka-stream-eta-wookiee main-is: Main.hs build-depends: base >=4.8 && <4.9, bytestring, containers, aeson hs-source-dirs: src default-language: Haskell2010 -- java-sources: lib/manually-downloaded-akka-stream-uber.jar
60. name: scala-akka-stream-eta-wookiee version: 0.1.0.0 cabal-version: >=1.10 executable scala-akka-stream-eta-wookiee main-is: Main.hs build-depends: base >=4.8 && <4.9, bytestring, containers, aeson hs-source-dirs: src default-language: Haskell2010 maven-depends: com.typesafe.akka:akka-stream_2.12:2.4.17
61. name: scala-akka-stream-eta-wookiee version: 0.1.0.0 cabal-version: >=1.10 executable scala-akka-stream-eta-wookiee main-is: Main.hs build-depends: base >=4.8 && <4.9, bytestring, containers, aeson hs-source-dirs: src default-language: Haskell2010 maven-depends: com.typesafe.akka:akka-stream_2.12:2.4.17
62. src/AkkaStream/Exports.hs data {-# CLASS "stream.Example" #-} Example = Example (Object# Example) type JStringFlow = Flow JString JString NotUsed extractNameFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow extractNameFlow = undefined wookieeFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow wookieeFlow = undefined foreign export java extractNameFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow foreign export java wookieeFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow
63. src/AkkaStream/Exports.hs data {-# CLASS "stream.Example" #-} Example = Example (Object# Example) type JStringFlow = Flow JString JString NotUsed extractNameFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow extractNameFlow = flowFromFunction $ applyFunction f where f js = undefined wookieeFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow wookieeFlow = flowFromFunction $ applyFunction f where f js = undefined foreign export java extractNameFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow foreign export java wookieeFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow akka.stream.javadsl.Flow.fromFunction static <I,O> Flow<I,O,NotUsed> fromFunction(Function<I,O> f)
64. src/AkkaStream/Exports.hs data {-# CLASS "stream.Example" #-} Example = Example (Object# Example) type JStringFlow = Flow JString JString NotUsed extractNameFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow extractNameFlow = flowFromFunction $ applyFunction f where f js = undefined wookieeFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow wookieeFlow = flowFromFunction $ applyFunction f where f js = undefined foreign export java extractNameFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow foreign export java wookieeFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow akka.japi.function.Function trait Function[-T, +R] { def apply(param: T): R }
65. src/AkkaStream/Exports.hs data {-# CLASS "stream.Example" #-} Example = Example (Object# Example) type JStringFlow = Flow JString JString NotUsed extractNameFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow extractNameFlow = flowFromFunction $ applyFunction f where f js = return (toJava $ g $ pack (fromJava js :: [Char])) g s = (fromMaybe empty (decode s :: Maybe (Map String String))) ! "name" wookieeFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow wookieeFlow = flowFromFunction $ applyFunction f where f js = return (toJava $ (fromJava js :: [Char]) >>= wookiee) foreign export java extractNameFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow foreign export java wookieeFlow :: Java Example JStringFlow
66. src/main/scala/stream/Main.scala object Main extends App { val e = new Example() val extractNameFlow = e.extractNameFlow() val wookieeFlow = e.wookieeFlow() val jsonURL = getClass.getResource("/all_characters.json-stream.gz") val jsonPath = Paths.get(jsonURL.toURI) val lineSplitter = Framing.delimiter(ByteString("\n"), Int.MaxValue) FileIO.fromPath(jsonPath) .via(gunzip()) .via(lineSplitter) .map(_.utf8String) .via(extractNameFlow) .via(wookieeFlow) .runWith(Sink.foreach(println)) .onComplete(_ => system.terminate()) }
67. https://github.com/filippovitale/eta-playground/tree/master/scala-akka-stream-eta-wookiee
68. Where Eta is going?
69. - Interactive REPL - Java FFI imports aid / helpers - Hot-code reloading as JVM has “built-in dynamism” - GraalVM on JDK9 - New JIT Compiler and - Polyglot Runtime for the JVM - Stability - Support for the fundamental Hackage libraries Eta active development areas
70. May 2017 @filippovitale Thanks!
71. May 2017 @filippovitale $ tail -f questions