SRE視点で振り返るメルカリのアーキテクチャ変遷と普遍的な考え

1. 1 SREࢹ఺ͰৼΓฦΔϝϧΧϦͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ มભͱීวతͳߟ͑
2. 2 Platform Engineering Division SRE team Engineering Manager
 
 ΤϯδχΞϦϯάϚωʔδϟʔͱͯ͠Fintechࣄ ۀ͓ΑͼϝϧΧϦͷSREνʔϜΛ୲౰͠ɺ૊৫ ԣஅͰ৴པੑ޲্ʹऔ૊த • SLOΛ༻͍ͨ؂ࢹج൫ͷߏங • ΠϯγσϯτϚωδϝϯτମ੍ͷڧԽ • BCP/DRઓུͷࡦఆɾਪਐ foostan
3. 3 ࠓ೔఻͍͑ͨ͜ͱ
4. 4 ࠓ೔࿩͢͜ͱ
5. 5 ϝϧΧϦͱΞʔΩςΫνϟͷมભ มԽΛਪ঑͢ΔจԽͷதͰαʔϏε͸ͲͷΑ͏ʹมԽ͖͔ͯͨ͠
7. 7 ϝϧΧϦͷมભ
8. 8 ϝϧΧϦͷ4ͭͷόϦϡʔ
9. 9 ϝϧΧϦͷ4ͭͷόϦϡʔ | มԽΛਪ঑͢ΔจԽ
10. 10 ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷมભ ϩΰग़యɿGoogle Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ
11. 11 • ϝϧΧϦϦϦʔε౰ॳ(2013)͸ ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτͷੴङ DC্ͰՔಇ • ͍ΘΏΔLAMPͰϞϊϦεͳߏ ੒ͩͬͨ 2013 ϞϊϦε / LAMP
12. 12 αʔϏε֦େʹ൐͏ • ෳࡶԽ͢ΔγεςϜ • σʔλͷ૿Ճ • ։ൃ૊৫ͷ֦ுɺνʔϜͷ૿Ճ • σϓϩΠස౓ͷ૿Ճ • ϝϯςφϯείετͷ૿Ճ • Πϯγσϯτͷ૿Ճ • ੜ࢈ੑͷ௿Լ • etc 2013 ~ 2016 ϞϊϦε / LAMPͷݶք
13. 13 2017 ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε΁ͷஈ֊తͳҠߦ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε + Google Cloud • ϞϊϦε͔Βঃʑʹ෼཭ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε୯ҐͰ։ൃ/ӡ༻ • API GatewayʹΑΔΠϯλʔ ϑΣʔεͷ౷Ұ • etc ૊৫ͷٸܹͳ֦େʹ൐͏αʔϏε։ൃ ͷࠔ೉΍ӡ༻ͷ֦ுੑͷϘτϧωοΫ ղফΛਤΔ ϩΰग़యɿGoogle Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ
14. 14 2019 ϝϧϖΠϩʔϯνͱڞ௨ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ ϝϧϖΠͱϝϧΧϦͷϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ͸ڞ௨ Խ͞ΕɺαʔϏε։ൃ͓Αͼӡ༻͕౷Ұ͞Εͨ ϩΰग़యɿGoogle Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ
15. 15 ϝϧίΠϯͷϦϦʔεʹ൐͍ɺ Platformӡ༻΋มԽ ҉߸ࢿ࢈ަ׵ۀΛਐΊΔͨΊ ͷηΩϡϦςΟରࡦ΍ίϯϓϥ ΠΞϯε؅ཧͷͨΊʹ͋ΒΏΔ ΋ͷͷ෼཭͕ٻΊΒΕͨ Mercoin Development Tool Production Mercari Development Tool Production 2023 ϝϧίΠϯϩʔϯνͱϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ෼཭ ϩΰग़య: Google Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ GitHub Logos and Usage https://brandfetch.com/okta.com
16. 16 ϝϧίΠϯͱϝϧΧϦؒ͸ Private Service Connect Ͱ઀ଓ͞ Ε ϚΫϩαʔϏεͷґଘؔ܎΋࠷খݶʹͳΔΑ͏ઃܭ͞Εͨ 2023 ϝϧίΠϯͷϩʔϯνͱΫϥελ෼཭ ϩΰग़య: Google Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ https://brandfetch.com/fastly.com
17. 17 ϝϧϖΠͷϨΠϠʔߏ଄Խ͞ΕϚ ΠΫϩαʔϏε͕ഁ୼࢝͠ΊΔ API Microservices ϨΠϠʔʹศ རAPI͕ੜ·ΕΔ • ґଘ͕ूத • ϝϯςίετͷ૿େ • ᐆດͳ੹೚ڥք • SPOFԽ • etc 2024 Re Architecture ϩΰग़యɿGoogle Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ
18. 18 2024 ~ Re Architecture | ٯίϯ΢ΣΠͷ๏ଇʹΑΔղܾ ॎׂΓͷ૊৫ߏ଄΁ͷมߋ • API MicroservicesϨΠϠʔͷ੔ཧ • ґଘ͕ूத͍ͯͨ͠APIͷղମ͕ ਐߦ gRPC Federation • ϝϧΧϦൃͷOSS • Protocol Buffersͷఆٛʹैͬͯ BFFαʔϏεͱΠϯλʔϑΣʔε Λੜ੒͢Δ ϩΰग़యɿGoogle Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ
19. 19 ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεઓུ͸਺೥ͷӡ༻ Ͱ໰୊఺΋ग़͖ͯͨ • ଟछଟ༷ͳϚΠΫϩαʔϏε • ϥΠϒϥϦ΍ίϯϙʔωϯτͳ ͲΛৗʹ࠷৽ʹอͭͷ͸ࠔ೉ • ৽نߏங͢ΔͨΊͷπʔϧ΍ε ΫϦϓτɺνΣοΫϦετͳͲ ͷΤίγεςϜ͸ॆ࣮͍ͯ͠Δ ͕ɺֶशίετ͕ߴ͍ • etc 2025 ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε΁ͷۤ೰
20. 20 ࣾ಺ͰϞϊϨϙ΍Ϟδϡϥʔ ϞϊϦεͷߏ૝͕ग़࢝Ίͨ
 
 άϩʔόϧΞϓϦͰͷ࠾༻ • طଘͷΤίγεςϜΛ׆ ༻ͭͭ͠ɺӡ༻ͷॊೈੑ Λҡ࣋͢Δ • ॳظ։ൃͷεϐʔυͱক དྷతͳεέʔϥϏϦςΟ ͷόϥϯεΛऔΔ 2025 ϞδϡϥʔϞϊϦε ࢀߟ: άϩʔόϧల։Λࢧ͑Δج൫ͷཪଆ https://engineering.mercari.com/blog/entry/20251007-behind-the-infrastructure-powering-global-expansion/ [mercari GEARS 2025] Building Foundation for Mercari’s Global Expansion https://speakerdeck.com/mercari/mercari-gears-2025-building-foundation-for-mercaris-global-expansion
21. 21 ʮϝϧΧϦͱΞʔΩςΫνϟͷมભʯ·ͱΊ
22. 22 ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͱ৴པੑࢦඪ ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεʹର͢ΔSLOӡ༻ͷ՝୊ΛͲ͏৐Γӽ͍͔͑ͯ͘
23. 23 ΞʔΩςΫνϟͱ੹೚ൣғ ֤νʔϜ͸ࣗ਎ͷ੹೚ൣғ ʹରͯ͠։ൃͱӡ༻Λߦ͏ ϩΰग़య: Google Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ Cloudflare Press Kit
24. 24 ໌֬ͳ੹೚ൣғͱᐆດͳ੹೚ൣғ ໌֬ͳ੹೚ൣғ • ࣗ਎ͷαʔϏε͸໌֬ͰͦͷSLO Λ؅ཧ͢Δͷ͸ඞਢ • ൣғ֎ͷଞͷSLOΛؾʹ͢Δʹ͸ ݶք͕͋Δ ᐆດͳ੹೚ൣғ • ڞ௨APIͷ୲౰͸Ͳ͔͜ • ଞϚΠΫϩαʔϏεʹґଘͯ͠Ξ ϥʔτ͕τϦΨʔ͞ΕΔ͜ͱ΋͠ ͹͠͹ ϩΰग़యɿGoogle Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ
25. 25 ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεຖͷSLO؅ཧ ͢΂ͯͷΤϯυϙΠϯτʹରͯ͠໢ཏ తʹSLOΛઃఆ • SLOϕʔεͷϞχλʔઃஔ • ৄࡉʹෆ۩߹ՕॴΛݕ஌͠ɺΞ ϥʔτΛτϦΨʔՄೳ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε୯ମͰ100Λ௒ ͑ΔSLOΛ؅ཧ • SLOͷৼΓฦΓ΍Ξοϓσʔτ͕ ࠔ೉ʹ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεؒͰSLOͷෆ੔ ߹͕ൃੜ ϩΰग़యɿGoogle Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ
26. 26 ো֐ൣғͷಛఆ͸ࠔ೉ ͲͷAPI͕Ͳ͜ͰϦΫΤετ͞ΕΔ ͔ͷ೺Ѳ͸ࠔ೉ • Ξϥʔτ͕τϦΨʔ͞Εͯ ΋ɺ͓٬͞·Өڹͱ௚઀݁ͼ ͔ͭͳ͍ • ੹೚ൣғ֎ͷνʔϜʹͱͬͯԿ ͕ى͖͍ͯΔ͔೺Ѳ͢Δͷ͸ ೉͍͠ • ݁Ռతʹো֐෮چ͕஗ΕΔ͜ ͱʹͳΔ ϩΰग़య: Google Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ Cloudflare Press Kit
27. 27 Critical User JourneyʢCUJʣͷಋೖ ͓٬͞·ʹϑΥʔΧε • Ұ࿈ͷ͓٬͞·ମݧʹ ରͯ͠SLOΛఆٛ • ͓٬͞·Өڹ͕໌֬ʹ ͳΓɺΠϯγσϯτͷ શମ೺Ѳ͕Մೳʹ • ݱ࣮తͳ਺ͷCUJΛఆ ٛ࣋͠ଓతͳ؅ཧ͕Մ ೳʹ ϩΰग़యɿGoogle Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ
28. 28 CUJϕʔεSLOͷ࣮૷ 40ͷCUJΛఆٛ • ྫʣ ◦ ঎඼ݕࡧ ◦ ग़඼ɾߪೖɾൃૹ • ը໘ૢ࡞ + ը໘ભҠ • Availableͳঢ়ଶΛఆٛ • ίΞػೳʹϑΥʔΧε ࢀߟ: [SRE NEXT] ෳࡶͳγεςϜʹ͓͚ΔUser Journey SLOͷಋೖ https://speakerdeck.com/yakenji/sre-next-fu-za-nasisutemuniokeruuser-journey-slonodao-ru
29. 29 CUJϕʔεSLOͷ࣮૷ طଘͷςετϑϨʔϜϫʔΫΛ ྲྀ༻ͯ͠୳ࡧΛࣗಈԽ • ΞϓϦ͸೔ʑมԽ͢Δ
 → ΫϦςΟΧϧAPI΋มԽ ͢Δ • ୳ࡧΛࣗಈԽͯ͠ৗʹ࠷৽ ͷঢ়ଶΛҡ࣋͢Δඞཁ͕͋ Δ
30. 30 CUJϕʔεSLOͷ࣮૷ LookerͰ݁ՌͷՄࢹԽ +TerraformͰϞχλϦϯά൓ө • ΫϦςΟΧϧAPIͷՄࢹԽͱ APM΁ͷ൓ө΋൒ࣗಈԽ • ޻਺Λ࡟ݮͭͭ͠౷ҰతͳϞ χλϦϯάΛ࣮ࢪ ϩΰग़య: Google Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ HashiCorp Brand Guidelines
31. 31 CUJϕʔεSLOͷ࣮૷ ো֐ൃੜޙɺଈ࠲ʹӨڹൣғΛಛఆ • ӨڹCUJͱͱ΋ʹΞϥʔτ௨஌ • Slack botͰӨڹൣғΛҰཡԽ
32. 32 Datadog WorkflowsʹΑΔݪҼಛఆ CUJϕʔεSLOΛτϦΨʔʹ༷ͯ͠ʑͳΞΫ γϣϯʹͭͳ͛Δ • ্ҐϨΠϠʔ(API Gateway)ͷϝτϦΫ εΛར༻͍ͯ͠ΔͨΊͲ͜Ͱ໰୊͕ൃੜ ͔ͨ͠͸ಛఆͰ͖ͳ͍ • Datadog WorkflowsΛར༻ͯ͠ɺಈతʹ ৘ใΛऔಘͯ͠ݪҼΛಛఆ͠୲౰νʔϜ Λݺͼग़͢ • ࠓޙ͸αʔϏεͷεϖοΫ৘ใ΍ PlaybookΛར༻͠ɺࠜຊݪҼ෼ੳ΍ࢭ ݂ରԠͷࣗಈԽʹͭͳ͛Δ ϩΰग़య: Google Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ Cloudflare Press Kit https://slack.com/intl/ja-jp/media-kit https://brandguides.brandfolder.com/pagerduty/logo
33. 33 ʮϚΠΫϩαʔϏεͱ৴པੑࢦඪʯ·ͱΊ
34. 34 ৴པੑΛ༳Δ͕͢ϦεΫͱରࡦ ൃੜ͠͏ΔϦεΫʹରͯ͠ɺͲͷΑ͏ʹकΔ΂͖΋ͷΛҡ࣋͢Δ͔
35. 35 ৴པੑΛ༳Δ͕͢ϦεΫ ϦεΫ • Րࡂɺେ஍਒(ट౎௚Լܕ) • େن໛γεςϜো֐ • αΠόʔ߈ܸ Өڹൣғ • κʔϯن໛ • Ϧʔδϣϯن໛ • ґଘ͢ΔαʔϏε / ύʔτφʔاۀ
36. 36 ϦεΫʹର͢Δඋ͑ BCP/DR Business Continuity Plan = ࣄۀܧଓܭը • ࡂ֐΍γεςϜো֐ͳͲͷ༗ࣄͷࡍʹɺ͓٬͞·΁ͷӨڹΛ࠷খ ݶʹ཈͑ɺॏཁۀ຿Λૣظʹ෮چɾܧଓͤ͞Δ͜ͱͰɺࣾձతͳ ੹೚ΛՌͨ͢ • γεςϜʹݶΒͣɺਓ΍ݐ෺/ઃඋ΋ؚ·ΕΔ Disaster Recovery • ॏཁۀ຿ΛఆΊͨ෮چ໨ඪ࣌ؒʢRTOʣͱ໨ඪ෮چ࣌఺ʢRPOʣ ʹج͖ͮɺ৘ใγεςϜ͓Αͼۀ຿ϓϩηεΛਝ଎ʹ෮چͤ͞Δ • BCPʹؚ·ΕΔɺ۩ମతͳγεςϜ෮چʹؔ͢Δ͜ͱ
37. 37 ԿΛकΔ͔ ͢΂ͯͷαʔϏε/ػೳΛ100%Քಇ͠ଓ͚Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍ • ϏδωεӨڹ෼ੳ(BIA)Λߦ͍ॏཁۀ຿ΛఆΊΔ • ॏཁۀ຿͕ఀࢭͨ͠ͱ͖ͷϦεΫ͸Կ͔ ◦ ๏ྩҧ൓ ◦ ϒϥϯυՁ஋ͷ௿Լ΍ܦࡁతଛࣦ ◦ αʔϏεʹΑͬͯҟͳΔ͔ ▪ ϝϧΧϦɺϝϧϖΠɺϝϧίΠϯɺetc • ୡ੒͢΂͖෮چ໨ඪΛఆΊͯϦεΫͱίετͷόϥϯεΛߟ͑Δඞཁ͕ ͋Δ
38. 38 ෮چ໨ඪ • RLO(Recovery Level Objective): ۓٸͷ෮چର৅ = ॏཁۀ຿ • RTO(Recovery Time Objective) : ͍ͭ·Ͱʹ෮چͤ͞Δ͔ • RPO(Recovery Point Objective): Ͳͷ࣌఺·ͰͷσʔλΛ෮چͤ͞Δ͔
39. 39 Multi-Zoneߏ੒ɿ(ൺֱత)ڱ͍ྖҬͷো֐΁ͷରԠ ୯Ұκʔϯʹ͓͍ͯো֐͕ൃੜ͠ ͨ͜ͱΛ૝ఆ͢Δ(୯ҰDCͷো֐/ ՐࡂͳͲ) Managed Service͸࠷খߏ੒͕ Multi-Zoneߏ੒ͷ΋ͷ΋ଟ͘ɺൺ ֱతίετ͕͔͔Βͳ͍
40. 40 Multi-Regionߏ੒ɿ޿Ҭো֐΁ͷରԠ ୯ҰϦʔδϣϯʹ͓͍ͯো֐͕ൃੜ͠ ͨ͜ͱΛ૝ఆ͢Δ(ट౎௚Լܕ஍਒౳Ͱ ౦ژϦʔδϣϯ͕յ໓͢ΔͳͲ) ೔ຊʹ͓͚ΔMulti-Regionߏ੒͸ଟ͘ ͷCloudϕϯμʔͰ౦ژ-େࡕߏ੒ʹͳ Δ͕ɺίετ͕ඈ༂తʹ্ঢ͠ɺ͞Β ʹDBؔ࿈ͰωοτϫʔΫ஗Ԇ͕໰୊ʹ ͳΓ࢝ΊΔ
41. 41 Multi-Regionߏ੒ͷ஫ҙ఺ɿSpannerͷ৔߹ ಛ௃ • ߴ͍Մ༻ੑͱSLA • RPO: 0 ͷ࣮ݱ ίετ໰୊ • 3~4ഒ্ঢ͢Δ(ಡΈॻ͖ྔɺσʔλྔʹΑͬͯҟͳΔ) ωοτϫʔΫ஗ԆʹΑΔੑೳྼԽ • ॻ͖ࠐΈ͸1 commit ͋ͨΓ਺ms~਺ेmsͷϨΠςϯγѱԽ͕૝ఆ͞ΕΔ • εϧʔϓοτͷ্ݶ͕Լ͕Δ • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯଆͰͷରԠ͕ඞཁʹͳΔ৔߹͕͋Δ
42. 42 Multi-Regionߏ੒ͷ஫ҙ఺ɿGCSͷ৔߹ σʔλಉظͷ஗Ԇ໰୊ • 1࣌ؒͰ99.9%͕ಉظ͞Εɺ࢒Γ ͸12࣌ؒҎ಺Λ໨ඪͱ͍ͯ͠Δ (RPO: 12࣌ؒ) • ඞཁʹԠͯ͡Dual-regionͷλʔ ϘϨϓϦέʔγϣϯ(RPO: 15෼) Λར༻͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ • RPO: 0ͷ৔߹ͷ༻్ͱͯ͠͸࢖ ͑ͳ͍ ϩΰग़య: Google Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ
43. 43 Multi-Region vs ࠷খߏ੒ ίετ΍෺ཧతͳڑ཭͕཭Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱ΁ͷ੍໿ɺγεςϜͷෳࡶ͞ʹΑΔ؅ཧίετ౳Λߟ͑ ͯʮकΔ΂͖΋ͷʯͷݱ࣮ղΛ୳Δ ϩΰग़య: Google Cloud ϓϩμΫτ ΞΠίϯ Cloudflare Press Kit HashiCorp Brand Guidelines
44. 44 ґଘ͢ΔαʔϏε / ύʔτφʔاۀͱͷBCPࠩҟ αʔϏε͸ࣾ಺Ͱ׬݁ͤͣʹ ύʔτφʔاۀͳͲ֎෦αʔϏ εʹґଘ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ ࣗ෼ͨͪͷBCPઓུΛ੔͑ͨ ͱͯ͠΋ɺ֎෦ʹґଘ͢Δ৔߹ ͸ͦΕΒ΁ͷରԠ΋ߟ͓͔͑ͯ ͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ ϩΰग़య: Cloudflare Press Kit
45. 45 ґଘ͢ΔαʔϏε / ύʔτφʔاۀͱͷBCPࠩҟ RTO͕ಉਫ४Ͱ͋Ε͹ಉ͡λ ΠϛϯάͰ෮چ͕Մೳ
 
 ͔͠͠ଟ͘ͷ৔߹ɺ෮چ໨ඪ͸ ҟͳΔͨΊɺ֎෦αʔϏε͕ ෮چ͠ͳ͍͜ͱΛߟྀ͢Δඞཁ ͕͋Δ ϩΰग़య: Cloudflare Press Kit
46. 46 ෦෼ఀࢭͷઃܭ ϝϧΧϦΞϓϦʹ͸ɺϑϦϚɺ ϝϧϖΠɺϝϧίΠϯͳͲɺ ༷ʑͳػೳؚ͕·Ε͍ͯΔ ͔ͦ͠͠ΕͧΕͷαʔϏεʹ͸ ͦΕͧΕͷґଘ͕ଘࡏ͢Δͨ ΊɺҰ੪ʹ෮چͰ͖ΔՄೳੑ ͸௿͍
47. 47 ෦෼ఀࢭͷઃܭ ྫ) γεςϜ͕෮چͯ͠΋ྲྀ௨ ໢͕ࢭ·͍ͬͯΔ৔߹ ϑϦϚΞϓϦ෦෼Λ෦෼తʹ੾ Γ཭͠ɺଞͷػೳΛಈ͔͢ඞཁ ͕͋Δ ػೳ/αʔϏε୯ҐͰఀࢭͯ͠΋ શମͱͯ͠ഁ୼͠ͳ͍Α͏ʹ࡞ Δඞཁ͕͋Δ
48. 48 ෮چ܇࿅ γεςϜͰकΕͳ͍෦෼͸܇࿅Ͱิ͏ • RPO͸܇࿅ͯ͠΋ߴΊΔ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍͕ɺ෮چ·Ͱ ͷ࣌ؒͷ୹ॖʹΑͬͯRTOΛߴΊΔ͜ͱ͸Մೳ • ܇࿅ʹΑͬͯRPO/RTO͕ୡ੒Ͱ͖Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ͷ֬ೝΛ ߦ͏ • γεςϜ͸ৗʹมԽ͍ͯ͠ΔͷͰఆظతʹߦ͏ඞཁ͕ ͋Δ ͜Ε͸େن໛ো֐΍ࡂ֐ʹݶΒͣ೔ʑͷΠϯγσϯτʹؔ ͯ͠΋ಉ͡࿩
49. 49 ΠϯγσϯτϨεϙϯεͱֶͼ ো֐΍ࣦഊ͔ΒֶΜͰ࣍ʹ׆͔͢ͷ͕ॏཁ • ৼΓฦΓ ◦ ݪҼ෼ੳɺ߃ٱରԠ͓Αͼ࠶ൃ๷ࢭͷཱҊ ◦ γεςϜͷमਖ਼ɺΞʔΩςΫνϟͷมߋɺӡ༻ϓϩη εͷվળͳͲͰ࣍ʹܨ͛Δ • Ϩϙʔτ࡞੒ / ڞ༗ ◦ ࣾ಺޲͚ / ࣾ֎޲͚ͷใࠂ ◦ φϨοδڞ༗ / ԣల։ • Πϯγσϯτ෼ੳ ◦ μογϡϘʔυ࡞੒ɺ܏޲෼ੳɺಛ௃ͷՄࢹԽ
50. 50 ·ͱΊ
51. 51 มԽ͢Δ؀ڥͷதͰɺ৴པੑΛकΓଓ͚ΔͨΊʹ ΞʔΩςΫνϟ͸มԽ͍ͯ͘͠ • ৽͍͠ϏδωεΛ࢝ΊΔͨΊ • ϑΣʔζͷมԽʹରԠ͢ΔͨΊ • ʮ·΋Δ΂͖΋ͷʯΛकΔͨΊ γεςϜ͸յΕΔ • ࡂ֐ΛࢭΊΔ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖ͳ͍ • ো֐͸͍ͭͰ΋ى͜Γ͏Δ
52. 52 มԽ͢Δ؀ڥͷதͰɺ৴པੑΛकΓଓ͚ΔͨΊʹ ͓٬͞·໨ઢͷSLOΛ৴པੑͷࢦඪͱͯ͠ఆΊΔ • CUJϕʔεSLOͷΑ͏ʹ͓٬͞·΁ͷ৴པੑΛ਺஋Խ͢Δ • ͓٬͞·Өڹ͕ग़ͨ৔߹ɺଈ࠲ʹݕ஌/ରԠͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ कΔ΂͖΋ͷΛఆٛ͠ɺ΋͠΋ʹඋ͑Δ • ϦεΫͱίετΛߟྀͯ͠ΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ޻෉͢Δ • ܇࿅΍ΠϯγσϯτϨεϙϯε͔Βͷֶͼ͸ॏཁ • ৼΓฦΓʹΑΔγεςϜͷमਖ਼ɺΞʔΩςΫνϟͷมߋɺӡ༻ϓϩηεͷ վળͳͲ͕৴པੑΛߴΊΔ
53. 53 ࠓ೔఻͍͑ͨ͜ͱ