ブロックチェーン概論 / Introduction to Blockchain

慶應義塾大学大学院メディアデザイン研究科「サービスデザインプロジェクトB」2025秋 第1回にて使用したスライドです。

Transcript

1. generated by Stable Image Ultra B 2025 1 ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.1/70
2. https://speakerdeck.com/ks91 ( ) ( ) Discord Discord ( / / ) Zoom URL ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.2/70
3. ( ) ( ) ( ) 1993 ( ) 2006 ( ) SFC 25 P2P (Peer-to-Peer) 2011 ( ) 2018 2019 VR 2022.3 2023 AI VR&RPG 2023.5 “Don’t Be So Serious” 2023 2024 AI( ) 2024 “ALOHA FROM HAWAII” 2024 AI( ) 2025 (Live and Let Think) 2025 Secret Vision Institute ( ) 2025 GWeeeeeeK !! 2025 SuuuuuuMMeR !! → ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.3/70
4. B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.4/70
5. (2018∼2023) 2023 2018 SCIgen (+ Google ) 2023 AI B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.5/70
6. (2024∼2025) 2025 (Live and Let Think) 2024 AI( ) ( ) (Raspberry Pi 4B) “Open Interpreter” 5cm AI https://github.com/ks91/Freenove_Dog 2025 (Live and Let Think) “01” https://github.com/ks91/01 B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.6/70
7. (2025) 2025 GWeeeeeeK !! 2025 GWeeeeeeK !! (6 ) “01” Vibe Coding X (ex. ) A (ex. ) A . . . X . . . AGI 2025 SuuuuuuMMeR !! A + B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.7/70
8. SAY NO TO BULLSHIT JOBS David Graeber, Bullshit Jobs: A Theory, Penguin, 2018. ( , , , — , , 2020) Bullshit Jobs ( ) Shit Jobs ( ) ( ) . . . B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.8/70
9. Alexa, ত࿨࣌୅
   
    ੈلޙ൒ ࣾձγεςϜ ࣾձ؀ڥ ػց ٕज़ ਓؒ ࣗಈγεςϜ ྩ࿨࣌୅
   
    ੈلલ൒ ిؾ͚ͭͯ ͸͍ ͸͍ ిؾ͚ͭͯ ͜ͷ৚݅ͷͱ͖ ٕज़Ͱ͋Γࣾձ؀ڥ
   ˠ
   ࣗવ؀ڥ ਓ ⇒ ( ) ⇒ ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.9/70
10. “Digital Transformation for Public Good” ( ) ( ) — AI ( ) — ( ) ← ( ) “FinTech — Financial Innovation and the Internet” ( ) NPO ( ) B (2020 ∼2025 ) ( ) → ( ) https://speakerdeck.com/ks91 B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.10/70
11. NEO — (2009) : SF NEO : New Economic Order ( ) http://grsj.jp/neo.pdf (CC-BY-SA 3.0) science fiction prototyping (1) (2) VR A +VR3D (2021) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.11/70
12. ( ) (2017) : SF + + SF (2048 ) 2048 B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.12/70
13. ( ) (1) 2020 9 60 (2020) : ( ) . . . = ( ) ( ) GitHub Copilot (AI ) AI B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.13/70
14. ( ) (2) (2020) : ( ) ( = × ) . . . B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.14/70
15. ( ) Python 3 Ethereum B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.15/70
16. B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.16/70
17. (1/2) — World Wide Web COVID-19 2020 1990 World Wide Web (← ) End-to-End ( ) ( ) ( ) End-to-End ( ) 2008 B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.17/70
18. (2/2) — ( web3 ) AI (vibe coding) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.18/70
19. ← Python Flask (Python ) Ethereum Brownie (Python Ethereum ) BBc-2 ( ) Cursor CLI / Claude Code / Codex CLI AI B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.19/70
20. ( 2 ) ( ) Discord miro Discord miro ( ) ( : ) . . . : ( ) : DApp ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.20/70
21. ( ) 25% 25% 20% 30% ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.21/70
22. ( ) 1 10 6 • 2 10 13 3 10 20 1 4 10 27 2 5 11 10 1 6 11 24 2 7 12 1 8 12 8 ( ) Discord B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.22/70
23. 1. 2. Ethereum 3. ↑ B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.23/70
24. / STAND ALONE COMPLEX Yes. → : https://levtech.jp/media/article/column/detail_729/ B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.24/70
25. ( ) ੪౻ 0DVMVT
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    1SP ໨ͷલͷσΟεϓϨΠ എޙͷ
    .
    .BD#PPL
    "JS "QQMF 3FNPUF
    %FTLUPQ 0DVMVT 3FNPUF
    %FTLUPQ )PSJ[PO
    8PSLSPPNT VT
    2VFTU MacBook Air B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.25/70
26. 1. B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.26/70
27. ެ։୆ா ެ։Ͱͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ ʜ ຊਓ ɾૹۚه࿥ ɾίʔυ ɾσʔλͷมԽ ɾ࣮ߦϩά ݕӾͰ͖Δୈࡾऀ ͜Εɺ ه࿥͍ͨ͠Μ͚ͩͲ ͋ͳͨ͸ ॻ͍ͨΒμϝ ͜ͷ಺༰͸ ॻ͍ͨΒμϝ ॻ͍ͪΌͬͨͷʁ ͜͏ॻ͖׵͑·͠ΐ͏ ॻ͍ͯͳ͍ͷʁ ͜͏ॻ͔Εͨ͜ͱʹ ͠·͠ΐ͏ ॻ͍ͪΌͬͨͷʁ ফ͠·͠ΐ͏ %P4 ߈ܸͱ͔Ͱ ๦֐ͯ͠ࢭΊ·͠ΐ͏ B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.27/70
28. Bitcoin . . . : (i.e. ) ( ) : : : ⇒ ( ) ← B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.28/70
29. ৽ن ϒϩοΫ ܈ ௥Ճ ίετϨδελʔ෇͖ ୆ா ਖ਼౷ͳཤྺ ఏҊ͞ΕΔ৽͍͠ཤྺ ίετ େ ੎ ͕ ࢀ Ճ ݁Ռ B มߋແ͠ C ௥ه D ॻ͖׵͑ ɾ৽͍͠ཤྺ͕͜Ε·Ͱͷཤྺʹ஝ੵ͞Εͨ ɹίετΛ૿େͤ͞ΔΑ͏ͳ΋ͷͰͳ͍ͷ ɹͳΒ͹มߋ͸ੜ͡ͳ͍ɻ ɾίετ͸݁ՌతʹɺωΠςΟϒ҉߸ࢿ࢈ ݐͯͰଌΒΕΔɻ ɾ୆ாͷҡ࣋ʹࢀՃ͢Ε͹ɺ֬཰తʹେ͖ͳ ใुΛωΠςΟϒ҉߸ࢿ࢈ͰಘΒΕΔɻ ɾใुΛಘΔͨΊʹ͸ίετෛ୲ͰϚδϣϦςΟ ଆʹ͍ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍ɻ B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.29/70
30. 4 ( ) ( ) ( ; ) ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.30/70
31. ( ) ೖྗ σδλϧͳΒԿͰ΋Α͍σʔλͷू߹ ແݶ ग़ྗ CJU ͳͲݻఆ௕ͷ਺ͷू߹ ༗ݶ ग़ྗ஋͸ʮμΠδΣετʯͱ΋ݺ͹ΕΔ খ ͞ ͍ ॱ ʹ ฒ Μ Ͱ ͍ Δ ͱ ͠ ͯ খ ͞ ͍ ॱ ʹ ฒ Μ Ͱ ͍ Δ ͱ ͠ ͯ 4)"
    ͳͲͷؔ਺ 4)"
    
    4FDVSF
    )BTI
    "MHPSJUIN Ұ༷ʹ෼෍ ϋογϡؔ਺ͷੑ࣭ ภͬͯ෼෍ Ϛοϐϯάʹ๏ଇੑ͕ແ͍Α͏ʹݟ͑ɺ ˠͷํ޲ʹ͸҆ՁʹܭࢉͰ͖Δ͕ɺ ٯͷํ޲ʹ͸ܭࢉͰ͖ͳ͍ Ұํ޲ੑ ҉߸ֶతϋογϡؔ਺ͷੑ࣭ ແݶΛ༗ݶʹϚοϐϯά͢ΔͷͰɺҟͳΔೖྗ͕ ಉ͡ग़ྗ݁ՌʹͳΔ৔߹΋͘͝رʹ͋Δ িಥ িಥ ͤ͞Δํ๏ ͕ݟ͔ͭͬͨ҉߸ֶతϋογϡ ؔ਺͸΋͸΍҆શͱ͸ݟͳ͞Εͳ͍ B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.31/70
32. ( ) ൿີ伴 伴ϖΞ ͋Β͔͡Ί ੜ੒ ൿີʹӅ࣋ͭ͠ ͋Β͔͡Ί౉͓͍ͯͯ͠΋Α͍ ॺ໊Λ࡞ͬͨͷ͸ެ։伴ʹ ରԠ͢Δൿີ伴Λ࢖͑Δ୭ ͔
    ͢ͳΘͪॺ໊ऀ
    ͩ͠ɺ ݩͷσʔλ͸ॺ໊ޙ͸CJU ΋มΘͬ ͍ͯͳ͍ ͜ͷ࢓૊Έ͕ਖ਼͘͠ಈ࡞͢ΔͨΊʹ͸ɺ ड͚औͬͨެ։伴͕ຊ౰ʹॺ໊ऀͷ΋ͷ Ͱ͋Δͱ͍͏ԿΒ͔ͷূ໌͕ඞཁ ʲॺ໊ΞϧΰϦζϜʳ ೖྗ
    
    ݩͷσʔλɺ ൿີ伴 ग़ྗ
    
    ॺ໊ ʲॺ໊ݕূΞϧΰϦζϜʳ ೖྗ
    
    ݩͷσʔλɺ ॺ໊ɺ ެ։伴 ग़ྗ
    
    0,
    ·ͨ͸
    /( ެ։伴 ॺ໊ऀ ॺ໊ ΞϧΰϦζϜ ॺ໊ݕূ ΞϧΰϦζϜ 0, ·ͨ͸ /( Πϯλʔωοτ ݕূऀ ެ ެ։ ։伴 伴 ެ։ ެ։伴 ެ ެ։ ։伴 伴 ݩͷ σʔλ ݩͷ σʔλ ॺ໊ ॺ໊ B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.32/70
33. ϒϩοΫ O ࣌ؒ ϒϩοΫϔομʔ ͍ΖΜͳ৘ใ͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔ ϒϩοΫ O ͷ μΠδΣετ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ ʜʜ ϒϩοΫ O  ϒϩοΫϔομʔ ͍ΖΜͳ৘ใ͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔ ϒϩοΫ O ͷ μΠδΣετ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ औҾ σʔλ ެ։伴 ˍॺ໊ ʜʜ ϒϩοΫͷμΠδΣετ͸ ͦͷϒϩοΫΛҰҙʹࣔ͢ ࣝผࢠͱͯ͠΋༻͍ΒΕΔ औҾσʔλͷ࡟আ౳ͰϒϩοΫͷ ಺༰͕มΘΕ͹ɺͦͷμΠδΣετ ΋มΘΔͷͰɺໃ६͕ੜ͡Δ औҾσʔλʹ͸ૹ৴ऀͷσδλϧ ॺ໊͕෇͍͍ͯΔͷͰվ͟Μ͸ ࠔ೉͕ͩɺऔҾσʔλΛؙ͝ͱ ࡟আ͢Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖Δ ࣍ͷϒϩοΫʹμΠδΣετ͕ ֨ೲ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱͰɺखલͷ ϒϩοΫͷ಺༰͸ϩοΫ͞Εͯ ͍Δͱ΋ݴ͑Δ͕ʜ ܨ͕͍ͬͯΔϒϩοΫͷϔομʔ ͷதͷμΠδΣετΛ࣍ʑͱॻ͖ ׵͍͚͑ͯ͹ໃ६ͳ͘վ͟ΜͰ͖ ΔͷͰɺϒϩοΫΛ࡞Δ͜ͱࣗମ ʹେ͖ͳίετΛඞཁʹͯ͠कΔ Proof of Work ( ) : ( ) Proof of Stake ( ) : B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.33/70
34. ( : ) ( : ) ← NFT 4 ⇒ B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.34/70
35. (Confidentiality) 4 ( 4 ) ↑ ( = ) (Integrity) (Availability) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.35/70
36. 2009 ↑ 16 ( 5 ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.36/70
37. ( ) ADR (Active (space) Debris Removal) : https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSS.2018.2890655 1 (11/17 ) (1930 ) ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.37/70
38. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.38/70
39. ( ) ( - ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2019.05.019 B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.39/70
40. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.40/70
41. ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.41/70
42. / ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.42/70
43. ( ) ( ) ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.43/70
44. ( ) : https://www.lij.jp/html/jli/jli_2017/ 2017summer_p018.pdf B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.44/70
45. ( ) ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.45/70
46. B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.46/70
47. with ( ) ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.47/70
48. DNS : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 ( ) IP AS B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.48/70
49. ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 (web ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.49/70
50. ( ) ( ) ( ) : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2021.08.012 ( ) ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 1 (9/30 ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.50/70
51. ( ) ( ) : https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9686409 3D ( ) : : (9/30 ) HACCP ( ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.51/70
52. 2. Ethereum macOS (Tahoe 26.0.1) + Homebrew Linux (Ubuntu 24.04) (x86/AMD64 and ARM) Windows 11 + Windows Subsystem for Linux (Ubuntu ) Ethereum solidity brownie Lima on macOS B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.52/70
53. macOS : Homebrew (Apple macOS ) UNIX macOS Lima Homebrew brew Apple brew ( ) brew Rosetta brew brew https://github.com/homebrew/install Path : https://zenn.dev/tet0h/articles/a92651d52bd82460aefb $ which brew /opt/homebrew/bin/brew B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.53/70
54. macOS : Rosetta 2 Apple x86/AMD64 ( ) $ softwareupdate --install-rosetta lima Rosetta 2 lima B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.54/70
55. macOS : Lima macOS Linux ( ) https://github.com/lima-vm/lima QEMU ( ) Rosetta 2 Apple x86/AMD64 brew (lima-additional-guestagents ) $ brew install lima Ubuntu 24.04 (x86/AMD64) “kmd.yaml” $ limactl start kmd.yaml B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.55/70
56. macOS : Lima Linux (Ubuntu) x86_64 $ limactl list Linux (exit ) $ limactl shell kmd Linux limactl list STATUS Stopped limactl start kmd “.lima” diffdisk 100GB B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.56/70
57. Solidity Ethereum ( ) http://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installing-solidity.html Linux (on Windows) “sudo apt”, macOS “brew” Linux ARM git clone dependencies solc 0.8.30 (10/4 ) $ solc --version brownie py-solc-x solc (dependencies) ( solc py-solc-x ) B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.57/70
58. Ganache Ethereum RPC npm ( ) macOS https://qiita.com/kyosuke5_20/items/c5f68fc9d89b84c0df09 Linux https://qiita.com/seibe/items/36cef7df85fe2cefa3ea npm Ganache $ sudo npm install -g ganache B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.58/70
59. Python3 macOS $ brew install python3 Python 3.8 Homebrew $ brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies python@3.9 $ brew install python@3.8 /usr/local/opt/python@3.8/bin/python3 Linux ( python3.12.3 OK) $ sudo apt update $ sudo apt install python3-dev python3-venv python3-tk 16.10 python3(.8) apt (PPA ) python3 python3-dev python3-venv python3-tk B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.59/70
60. macOS : . . . macOS wget brew dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/gettext/lib/libintl.8.dylib $ brew uninstall --force gettext $ brew install gettext B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.60/70
61. Python (venv) macOS (Linux python3 ) OK Python $ python3 -m venv bbc2env $ source bbc2env/bin/activate (bbc2env) $ pip install -U pip bbc2env ( BBc-2 ) ( ) (bbc2env) $ deactivate B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.61/70
62. Brownie Python Ethereum https://eth-brownie.readthedocs.io Brownie $ pip install eth-brownie version 1.21.0 (10/4 ) $ pip install setuptools setuptools B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.62/70
63. $ brownie init ( ERC-20 ) $ brownie bake token $ cd token B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.63/70
64. contracts (macOS Linux (x86/AMD64) ) $ brownie compile Linux (ARM) (AMD64 ) $ python # >>> import solcx >>> solcx.compile_solc(’0.6.12’) # >>> quit() /tmp ∼/.solcx/solc-v0.6.12 ( ) $ pytest tests B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.64/70
65. Brownie $ brownie console Python >>> len(accounts) 10 >>> accounts[0].balance() 100000000000000000000 >>> quit() B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.65/70
66. 3. Ethereum Sepolia B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.66/70
67. infura.io Brownie https://infura.io SIGN UP PROJECT ID infura Ethereum API infura . . . infura.io PROJECT ID WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID PROJECT ID (∼/.bash_profile ) $ export WEB3_INFURA_PROJECT_ID= PROJECT ID B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.67/70
68. Sepolia ETH brownie console Sepolia >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’sepolia’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add() <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].private_key 16 >>> quit() Sepolia Testnet ETH Faucet ETH https://sepoliafaucet.com ( ) ( ) https://metamask.io/ B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.68/70
69. Sepolia ETH brownie console Sepolia ETH >>> network.disconnect() >>> network.connect(’sepolia’) >>> len(accounts) 0 >>> accounts.add( 16 ) <LocalAccount object ’ 16 ’> >>> accounts[0].balace() ETH >>> quit() ETH >>> accounts[0].transfer(accounts[1], "0.01 ether") B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.69/70
70. B 2025 — 1 — 2025-10-06 – p.70/70