Botany with Bytes

Botany with Bytes, for LA Ruby Conf 2015 and RubyConf 2015!

(Video coming soon)

Transcript

1. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Botany Bytes with Lito Nicolai
2. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico This talk uses graphics! $ gem install --pre graphics
3. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Imagine you’re algae…
4. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico An alga (you)
5. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
6. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
7. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
8. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
9. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
10. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
11. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico A A B A B A A B A A B A B A A B A B A A B A A B A B A A B A A B incidentally, Fibonacci
12. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Aristid Lindenmayer Genus Species
13. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Aristid Lindenmayer Genus Species
14. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico “L-Systems” Start: A Rules: A ! AB B ! A
15. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
16. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Rewriting Systems String Line Grid A AB ABA ABAAB ABAABABA
17. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico This is a grammar!
18. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico What’s a grammar?
19. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico What strings can you make with rules? Montana State University Mathematics (grids, lines… things) A ! AB B ! A
20. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico What strings can you match with these rules? -?(\d+(\.\d+)?|\.\d+)([eE][+-]?\d+)?
21. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Where do L-Systems fit in here?
22. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Organizing Grammars RegEx Lindenmayer & Prusinkiewicz (needs a DFA) (using computers)
23. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico (let’s ignore finite grammars) RegEx Lindenmayer & Prusinkiewicz
24. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico RegEx HTML Lindenmayer & Prusinkiewicz Chomsky Hierarchy (needs a stack)
25. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico RegEx HTML Lindenmayer & Prusinkiewicz C++ Chomsky Hierarchy (needs RAM)
26. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico RegEx HTML Lindenmayer & Prusinkiewicz Chomsky Hierarchy C++
27. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Ruby? RegEx HTML Lindenmayer & Prusinkiewicz Chomsky Hierarchy C++
28. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Chomsky Hierarchy Ruby? RegEx HTML Perl Lindenmayer & Prusinkiewicz C++
29. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Chomsky Hierarchy RegEx HTML Perl Lindenmayer & Prusinkiewicz Ruby? C++
30. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Chomsky Hierarchy RegEx HTML Perl Lindenmayer & Prusinkiewicz Ruby? C++
31. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico L-Systems are a strange slice of other grammars!
32. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico ((((((X)))))) Can match this ^ (regex can’t match either) Nested Balanced Parens ((((((())))))) But not this ^
33. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico class LSystem attr_reader :state def initialize state, rules @state = state @rules = rules end def step @state = @state.split("") .map {|s| @rules[s] } .join self end end
34. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico class LSystem attr_reader :state def initialize state, rules @state = state @rules = rules end def step @state = @state.split("") .map {|s| @rules[s] } .join self end end
35. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico @state = @state.split("") .map {|s| @rules[s] } .join "AB" "A" "B" "AB" "A" "ABA" split apply rules join
36. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico > l = LSystem.new "A", "A" => "AB", "B" => "A" > l.step => "AB" > l.step => "ABA" > l.step => "ABAAB" > l.step => "ABAABABA"
37. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico All in a line
38. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico More Dimensions!
39. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Leaf ! Stem LeftLeaf RightLeaf Stem ! Stem Stem Sprout
40. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Turtle Graphics
41. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
42. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico turtle.forward
43. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico turtle.push
44. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico turtle.left 90
45. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico turtle.forward
46. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico turtle.pop
47. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Turtle Evaluation
48. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico > turtle = Turtle.new “S[S", "S" => :forward, "L" => :forward, "[" => [:left, 60], "]" => [:right, 60], "." => :push, "," => :pop
49. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico > turtle = Turtle.new “S[S", "S" => :forward, "L" => :forward, "[" => [:left, 60], "]" => [:right, 60], "." => :push, "," => :pop
50. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico > turtle = Turtle.new “S[S", "S" => :forward, "L" => :forward, "[" => [:left, 60], "]" => [:right, 60], "." => :push, "," => :pop
51. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico > turtle = Turtle.new “S[S", "S" => :forward, "L" => :forward, "[" => [:left, 60], "]" => [:right, 60], "." => :push, "," => :pop
52. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Leaf ! Stem LeftLeaf RightLeaf Stem ! Stem Stem Sprout
53. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico “LeftLeaf” SaveState TurnLeft Leaf . [ L “RightLeaf” RestoreState TurnRight Leaf , ] L At the end of a stem…
54. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico > turtle = Turtle.new sprout.state, "S" => :forward, "L" => :forward, "[" => [:left, 60], "]" => [:right, 60], "." => :push, "," => :pop > sprout = LSystem.new "L", "L" => “S.[L,]L", "S" => “SS”, "[" => "[", "]" => "]", "." => ".", "," => ","
55. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico First Generation
56. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico L
57. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Second Generation
58. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico S.[L,]L
59. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Next Generation
60. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
61. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
62. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
63. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
64. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
65. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
66. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
67. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
68. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
69. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
70. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
71. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
72. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
73. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
74. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
75. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
76. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
77. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
78. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
79. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico SS.[S.[L,]L,]S.[L,]L
80. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Trees don’t look like this
81. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico (is what I used to say) Yes, they really look like this! Drosera Binata var. Multifida
82. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Juniper Branch Start: T Rules: T ! T.[T,T.]T,.T,
83. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Juniper Branch
84. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Juniper Branch
85. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Juniper Branch
86. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Plants are computing as they grow! That’s super neato!
87. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico L-System Weird Stuff Start: A Rules: A ! B[A[B B ! A]B]A
88. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Weird Stuff (there be dragons)
89. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico A different view (top-down)
90. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
91. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Plant growth hormone
92. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
93. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
94. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico (Paraphrased from Vi Hart)
95. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico O(lots) Time complexity:
96. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico (discovered at cambridge) The very first model: charged particles
97. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Douady & Couder
98. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
99. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico O(n²) Time complexity:
100. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico btw, Alan Turing Hypothesis of General Phyllotaxis (…and later, even deeper work)
101. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Turing’s drawing
102. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
103. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
104. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
105. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico 137.5
106. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico 360 - (360/φ)
107. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Start: Stem Rules: Stem ! Stem Rotate Leaf Leaf ! BiggerLeaf Use an L-System!
108. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Start: Stem Rules: Stem ! Stem Rotate Leaf Leaf ! BiggerLeaf
109. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico O(much better!) Time complexity:
110. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Back to algae (in 3D!)
111. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico (you again)
112. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
113. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
114. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
115. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
116. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Not actually getting smaller
117. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Aside: Representing Cells stackoverflow.com
118. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico …and how they connect
119. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
120. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
121. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
122. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Demo
123. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Kinds of Surfaces Flat No Curvature
124. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Kinds of Surfaces Spherical Positive Curvature Flat No Curvature
125. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Kinds of Surfaces Spherical Positive Curvature Flat No Curvature Hyperbolic Negative Curvature
126. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Kinds of Surfaces Spherical Positive Curvature Flat No Curvature Hyperbolic Negative Curvature Plants!
127. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico How many unique parallel lines? None One Lots!
128. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico How many unique parallel lines? None One Lots!
129. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico How many unique parallel lines? None One Lots!
130. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico How many unique parallel lines? None One Lots!
131. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico How many unique parallel lines? None One Lots!
132. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico How many unique parallel lines? None One Lots!
133. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico
134. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Thank You!
135. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico I KNEW you would ask about Perl…
136. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Lito:~$ perl -E 'sub dunno() { 3 } say dunno + 4'
137. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Lito:~$ perl -E 'sub dunno() { 3 } say dunno + 4' 7 Lito:~$ _
138. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Lito:~$ perl -E 'sub dunno() { 3 } say dunno + 4' 7 Lito:~$ perl -E 'sub dunno { 3 } say dunno + 4'
139. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Lito:~$ perl -E 'sub dunno() { 3 } say dunno + 4' 7 Lito:~$ perl -E 'sub dunno { 3 } say dunno + 4’ 3 Lito:~$ _
140. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico Lito:~$ perl -E 'sub dunno() { 3 } say dunno + 4' 7 Lito:~$ perl -E 'sub dunno { 3 } say dunno + 4’ 3 Lito:~$ _ no args (‘nullary’) some args
141. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico perl -E 'BEGIN { *dunno = sub() { 3 } } say dunno + 4'
142. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico perl -E 'BEGIN { *dunno = sub() { 3 } } say dunno + 4' BEGIN { *dunno = sub { 3 } } say dunno + 4
143. RubyConf 2015 - Lito Nicolai - @lito_nico perl -E 'BEGIN { *dunno = sub() { 3 } } say dunno + 4' BEGIN { *dunno = sub { 3 } } say dunno + 4 BEGIN { if # SOME_CONDITION *dunno = sub { 3 } else { *dunno = sub() { 3 } } } say dunno + 4 any code!