Web App Security for Java Developers - London JUG 2022

Web app security is not just authentication and authorization. It's also the things you do to protect your web app from attackers with their XSS (cross-site scripting), SQL injection, DoS/DDoS attacks, and CSRF (cross-site request forgery), to name a few.

Web app security is a central component of any web-based business. The internet exposes web apps to attacks from different locations and various levels of scale and complexity. Web application security deals specifically with the security surrounding websites, web applications, and web services such as APIs.

In this presentation, you'll learn seven ways to better web app security, using Spring Security for code samples. You'll also see some quick demos of Spring Boot, Angular, and JHipster with Okta.

Demos:

1. Install the Okta CLI and run okta start angular.
2. Run okta start spring-boot to see authentication with Spring Boot. Use an access token and HTTPie to access the /hello endpoint.
3. Show JHipster with Keycloak, Okta, and Auth0. Deploy to Heroku and run through https://securityheaders.com and https://www.ssllabs.com.

Transcript

1. Matt Raible | @mraible October 27, 2022 Web App Security for Java Developers Photo by Lachlan Gowen on https://unsplash.com/photos/RZ5TKFpdaWM
2. @mraible Who is Matt Raible? Father, Husband, Skier, Mountain Biker, Whitewater Rafter Bus Lover Web Developer and Java Champion Okta Developer Advocate Blogger on raibledesigns.com and developer.okta.com/blog @mraible
6. developer.okta.com
7. developer.auth0.com
8. @mraible Today’s Agenda What is web app security? 7 simple ways to better app security 3 quick demos 🍃 Spring Boot 🅰 Angular 🤓 JHipster
9. What is web app security?
10. 1. Use HTTPS 2. Scan your dependencies 3. Use the latest releases 4. Secure your secrets 7 Simple Ways to Better Web App Security 5. Use a Content Security Policy 6. Use OAuth 2.0 and OIDC 7. Prevent Cross-site request forgery (CSRF)
11. @mraible 1. Use HTTPS Everywhere! Let’s Encrypt offers free HTTPS certificates certbot can be used to generate certificates mkcert can be used to create localhost certificates Spring Boot Starter ACME for automating certificates
12. What is HTTPS? https://howhttps.works
13. How HTTPS Works https://howhttps.works
14. HTTPS for Static Sites too! https://www.troyhunt.com/heres-why-your-static-website-needs-https
15. HTTPS is Easy!
16. Force HTTPS in Spring Boot @Configuration public class SecurityConfiguration { @Bean SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.requiresChannel().anyRequest().requiresSecure(); return http.build(); } }
17. Force HTTPS in the Cloud @Configuration public class SecurityConfiguration { @Bean SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.requiresChannel() .requestMatchers(r -> r.getHeader("X-Forwarded-Proto") != null) .requiresSecure(); return http.build(); } }
18. Force HTTPS in Spring WebFlux @EnableWebFluxSecurity public class SecurityConfiguration { @Bean SecurityWebFilterChain springSecurityFilterChain(ServerHttpSecurity http) { http.redirectToHttps(withDefaults()); return http.build(); } }
19. Force HTTPS in Spring WebFlux + Cloud @EnableWebFluxSecurity public class SecurityConfiguration { @Bean SecurityWebFilterChain springSecurityFilterChain(ServerHttpSecurity http) { http.redirectToHttps(redirect -> redirect .httpsRedirectWhen(e -> e.getRequest().getHeaders().containsKey("X-Forwarded-Proto")) ); return http.build(); } }
20. @mraible “Why do we need HTTPS inside our network?”
21. @mraible 2. Scan Your Dependencies
22. @mraible GitHub + Dependabot
23. @mraible Full-featured Dependency Scanners
24. 3. Use the Latest Releases
25. How well do you know your dependencies? Dependency Health Indirect Dependencies Regular Releases Regular commits Dependencies
26. Check for Updates with npm npx npm-check-updates
27. Check for Updates with Maven mvn versions:display-dependency-updates https://www.mojohaus.org/versions-maven-plugin
28. Check for Updates with Gradle plugins { id("se.patrikerdes.use-latest-versions") version "0.2.18" id("com.github.ben-manes.versions") version "0.42.0" ... } $ ./gradlew useLatestVersions https://github.com/patrikerdes/gradle-use-latest-versions-plugin
29. @mraible 4. Secure Your Secrets
30. HashiCorp Vault and Azure Key Vault
31. https://developer.okta.com/blog/2022/10/20/spring-vault Secure Secrets With Spring Cloud Config and Vault
32. 5. Use a Content Security Policy
33. Default Spring Security Headers Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate Pragma: no-cache Expires: 0 X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains X-Frame-Options: DENY X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
34. Add a Content Security Policy with Spring Security @Configuration public class SecurityConfiguration { @Bean SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.headers() .contentSecurityPolicy("script-src 'self' " + "https: // trustedscripts.example.com; " + "object-src https: // trustedplugins.example.com; " + "report-uri /csp-report-endpoint/"); return http.build(); } }
35. Test Your Security Headers https://securityheaders.com
36. @mraible 6. Use OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect OpenID Connect OAuth 2.0 HTTP OpenID Connect is for authentication 
 OAuth 2.0 is for authorization
37. @mraible Authorization Code Flow Example https://developer.okta.com/blog/2019/08/28/reactive-microservices-spring-cloud-gateway
38. @mraible Does OAuth 2.0 feel like a maze of specs? https://aaronparecki.com/2019/12/12/21/its-time-for-oauth-2-dot-1
39. @mraible OAuth 2.1 to the rescue! https://oauth.net/2.1 PKCE is required for all clients using the authorization code flow Redirect URIs must be compared using exact string matching The Implicit grant is omitted from this specification The Resource Owner Password Credentials grant is omitted from this specification Bearer token usage omits the use of bearer tokens in the query string of URIs Refresh tokens for public clients must either be sender-constrained or one-time use
40. 7. Prevent CSRF Attacks
41. Configure CSRF Protection with Spring Security @Configuration public class SecurityConfiguration { @Bean SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http .csrf() .csrfTokenRepository(CookieCsrfTokenRepository.withHttpOnlyFalse()); return http.build(); } }
42. SameSite Cookies
43. @mraible Demos! 🍃 🅰 🤓
44. 1. Use HTTPS 2. Scan your dependencies 3. Use the latest releases 4. Secure your secrets Recap: 7 Simple Ways to Better Web App Security 5. Use a Content Security Policy 6. Use OAuth 2.0 and OIDC 7. Prevent Cross-site request forgery (CSRF)
45. developer.okta.com/blog/tags/java @oktadev
46. developer.auth0.com @auth0
47. Curious About Microservice Security? https://developer.okta.com/blog/2020/03/23/microservice-security-patterns
48. Or Auth Security Patterns? https://bit.ly/mraible-springone-2021 https://youtu.be/CebTJ7Nq1Hs
49. Thanks! Keep in Touch raibledesigns.com @mraible Presentations speakerdeck.com/mraible Code github.com/oktadev developer.okta.com developer.auth0.com
50. developer.okta.com