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The Future is In Pieces
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snookca
December 05, 2015
Programming
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150
The Future is In Pieces
My talk from CSSDay.io
snookca
December 05, 2015
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Transcript
The Future is in Pieces
2003 CSS Takes Off
Wired Redesign
Blog Design
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Blog Designs #header h1, #header h2 { font-size:13px; font-weigh… }
#header h1 { color: #680; float:right; padding-b…} #header h2 { float:left; padding:18px 20px; posi…} #header h2 img { position:absolute; left:0; top:0; } #header h2 a { text-decoration:none; color:#333; } #main h2 {text-transform:uppercase; font-weight:…} #main h2 a {text-decoration:none; color:#444;} #main h2 a:hover {color:#680;} #main .article.inside h1 { text-transform:uppercase;…} #comments .comment .meta .authorname { text-transfo… } #comments .comment .meta .commentnumber a { float: … }
Blog Designs #header h1, #header h2 { font-size:13px; font-weigh… }
#header h1 { color: #680; float:right; padding-b…} #header h2 { float:left; padding:18px 20px; posi…} #header h2 img { position:absolute; left:0; top:0; } #header h2 a { text-decoration:none; color:#333; } #main h2 {text-transform:uppercase; font-weight:…} #main h2 a {text-decoration:none; color:#444;} #main h2 a:hover {color:#680;} #main .article.inside h1 { text-transform:uppercase;…} #comments .comment .meta .authorname { text-transfo… } #comments .comment .meta .commentnumber a { float: … }
Blog Designs #header h1, #header h2 { font-size:13px; font-weigh… }
#header h1 { color: #680; float:right; padding-b…} #header h2 { float:left; padding:18px 20px; posi…} #header h2 img { position:absolute; left:0; top:0; } #header h2 a { text-decoration:none; color:#333; } #main h2 {text-transform:uppercase; font-weight:…} #main h2 a {text-decoration:none; color:#444;} #main h2 a:hover {color:#680;} #main .article.inside h1 { text-transform:uppercase;…} #comments .comment .meta .authorname { text-transfo… } #comments .comment .meta .commentnumber a { float: … }
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SMACSS
Scalable and Modular Architecture for CSS
• Describes how to approach site design and development •
No GitHub repo, not a library, not a framework, no tools • Techniques can be applied to static CSS, Sass, React, Web Components, etc.
What does it mean to be modular?
A module is “each of a set of standardized parts
or independent units that can be used to construct a more complex structure.” –Dictionary
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What hurdles are there to being truly independent?
• Inheritance • Cascade • Browser Default Styling • Putting
modules/components together
Inheritance
• Typography e.g. color, font-size, font-family • List Styles e.g.
list-style • Table Styles e.g. border-collapse
Sorry, React. Inline styles won’t save you from inheritance.
• all: initial
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Cascade
The cascade is how the browser decides what properties to
apply when you have multiple rules declared on the same element.
a:link { color: blue; } a:hover { color: cornflowerblue; }
.sidebar a:link { color: grey; } .sidebar a:hover { color: crimson; } .nav a:link { color: cadetblue; } .nav a:hover { color: darkblue; }
• Don’t write multiple rules for the same element •
Inline styles • Create a structured layering system to prevent conflicts
Browser Defaults
<button class="button"> .button { border:1px solid purple; padding: 5px 10px;
color: pink; } <a href="/" class="button"> text-decoration: none;
• all: initial • Predictable HTML i.e. templates
Putting Modules Together
Send
Cancel Send
.button + .button { margin-left: 10px; }
Cancel Send
Send Email
.button + .button, .input + .button { margin-left: 10px;
} * + * { margin-left: 10px; }
Send Subscribe Email
http://snk.ms/26
• Separate layout from module • Micro layout classes
<span class=“layout-inline”> <input><button>Send</button> </span> <span class=“layout-inline”> <button>Subscribe</button> </span>
<input><button>Send</button> <button class=“ML-S”>Subscribe</ button>
BONUS PROBLEM! Media Queries
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If Module A in Module B in Layout
C Then I’m screwed.
If Module A has room do this.
Element Queries
Element Queries
Oh, right. SMACSS.
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Design has a cost.
Every piece of design ends up in code.
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• Categorize • Naming Convention
Base Layout Module State Theme
• .btn • .btn--variation • .btn__component • .btn • &--variation
• &__component • button.css • .variation • .component SMACSS-y BEM Sass CSS Modules/React • .btn • .btn-variation • .btn--component
HTML CSS JavaScript HTML CSS JavaScript HTML CSS JavaScript
The Future is React?
React.render( <XUIButton type={type}> My Button! </XUIButton> );
var XUIButton = React.createClass({ render: function() { return ( <button
className="{this.props.type}"> {this.props.children} </button> ); } });
var myStyle = { color: '#FFF', backgroundColor: '#330000' } var
XUIButton = React.createClass({ render: function() { return ( <button style="{myStyle}"> {this.props.children} </button> ); }
HTML CSS JavaScript HTML CSS JavaScript HTML CSS JavaScript
The Future is Web Components?
• Templates • Shadow DOM • Custom Elements • HTML
Imports
var p = document.createElement(‘p'); p.createShadowRoot(); p.shadowRoot.innerHTML = 'HTML Contents'; document.body.appendChild(p);
• The Cascade no longer applies • Inheritance still applies
(unless you use all:initial)
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HTML CSS JavaScript
HTML CSS JavaScript component.html <link rel="import" href="component.html">
<template> <figure> <content select="img"></content> </figure> <div> <content></content> </div> </template>
<custom-element> <img src="…"> </custom-element>
// Creates a MediaObjectElement class // that extends HTMLElement. class
MediaObjectElement extends HTMLElement { createdCallback() { var shadowRoot = this.createShadowRoot(); shadowRoot.innerHTML = 'Shadow DOM contents...'; } } // Registers the `<custom-element>` element for use. document.registerElement('custom-element', MediaObjectElement);
• Likely a year before all browsers support everything. •
JavaScript Dependent • Phillip Walton’s Talk on Modular CSS with Web Components http://snk.ms/27
• Think about standardized and modular design. • Frameworks like
React can help. • Web Components are coming. (So is winter.)
Thank you. http://snook.ca/ @snookca