DrupalCon 2015: The Symfony Framework: Your Free New Toolkit

Learning a new framework or CMS is hard. So, we usually stick to one: I use only Symfony, you use only Drupal. And that's too bad, because we all want to use the best tool for the job. But because Drupal 8 and Symfony have so much in common, that's about to change.

In this talk, we'll get started in the Symfony Framework by building a little app that takes us through routing, controllers, responses, events and the service container. For D8 users, you'll start to understand just how easy it'll be to use Symfony (or Silex) for certain projects. And if you haven't used it yet, you'll get a tour into the most fundamental pieces of Drupal 8 (since they're shared with Symfony!). Your toolkit is about to expand, and that's a reason to celebrate.

Transcript

1. The Symfony Framework YOUR FREE NEW TOOLKIT
2. > Husband of the much more talented @leannapelham knplabs.com twitter.com/weaverryan Hallo! > Lead contributor to the Symfony documentation
 > KnpLabs US - Symfony consulting, training & kumbaya > Writer for KnpUniversity.com awesome amazing PHP Tutorials!!!
3. Act 1 Dancing on your own? @weaverryan
4. Drupal 7 /** Implements hook_menu() */
 function dinosaur_menu() {
 $items['hello'] = array(
 'title' => 'ROOOOOOAR!',
 'page callback' => 'favorite_dinosaur',
 );
 
 return $items;
 }
 
 function favorite_dinosaur() {
 return 'Triceratops';
 }
5. Symfony, Silex, etc routes & controllers requests & responses service container @weaverryan
6. And now Symfony, Silex, D8 @weaverryan
7. @weaverryan require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';
 
 $app = new Silex\Application();
 
 $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {
 return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);
 });
 
 $app->run();

8. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';
 
 $app = new Silex\Application();
 
 $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {
 return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);
 });
 
 $app->run();
 An entire application that says hallo! @weaverryan
9. Configure your web server
10. Or use the built-in PHP web server \o/ php -S localhost:8000 @weaverryan
11. * The built-in PHP web server can be used with Drupal too! @weaverryan
12. Request -> Response Framework Response: Hello Drupal! Routing: Determine a function that can create this page (the controller) Request: GET /hello/Drupal! The Controller: Our code: constructs the page @weaverryan
13. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';
 
 $app = new Silex\Application();
 
 $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {
 return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);
 });
 
 $app->run();
 The route is matched when the URI is /hello/* @weaverryan
14. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';
 
 $app = new Silex\Application();
 
 $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {
 return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);
 });
 
 $app->run();
 If the URI matches the route, Silex executes this function (the controller) @weaverryan
15. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';
 
 $app = new Silex\Application();
 
 $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {
 return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);
 });
 
 $app->run();
 The value of {name} is passed as an argument to the controller @weaverryan
16. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';
 
 $app = new Silex\Application();
 
 $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {
 return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);
 });
 
 $app->run();
 We construct the page and celebrate! @weaverryan (or non-alcoholic beverage of your choice)
17. Request -> Response Framework Response: Hello Drupal! Routing: Determine a function that can create this page (the controller) Request: GET /hello/Drupal! The Controller: Our code: constructs the page @weaverryan
18. Act 2 Hello Symfony @weaverryan
19. @weaverryan downloads the installer
20. @weaverryan my_dir_name
21. Symfony Project Structure configuration, templates PHP Classes 3rd Party Code @weaverryan
22. @weaverryan
23. @weaverryan
24. Hi, I’m the Symfony PacMan ghost! Look, things are working, you just don’t have any pages yet. Get to it! @weaverryan
25. Install ! Build a page! " @weaverryan
26. hello_world:
 path: /hello/{name}
 defaults:
 _controller: AppBundle\…sayHelloAction
 AppBundle\Controller\PoliteController::sayHelloAction @weaverryan
27. namespace AppBundle\Controller;
 
 use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
 
 class PoliteController
 {
 public function sayHelloAction($name)
 {
 return new Response('Hello '.$name);
 }
 }
 @weaverryan
28. @weaverryan
29. Request -> Response Framework The Controller: Our code: constructs the page Response: Hello Drupal! Routing: Determine a function that can create this page (the controller) Request: GET /hello/Drupal! @weaverryan
30. Debugging? @weaverryan
32. @weaverryan
33. @weaverryan
34. @weaverryan
37. Can we do even less work? @weaverryan
38. // ...
 
 class PoliteController
 {
 /**
 * @Route("/hello/{name}", name="hello_world")
 */
 public function sayHelloAction($name)
 {
 return new Response('Hello '.$name);
 }
 }
 @weaverryan
39. Act 3 Services and the “container” @weaverryan
40. Services == Useful Objects @weaverryan
41. The container == the object that contains all the services @weaverryan
42. In Silex, Symfony & Drupal 8 there is a “container”. If you have it, you can use any service (useful object) @weaverryan
43. In Symfony and Drupal 8 The container is pre-loaded with many useful services (objects)
44. That’s 224 built-in services @weaverryan
45. @weaverryan
46. How do I get access to the container inside a controller? @weaverryan
47. /**
 * @Route("/hello/{name}", name="hello_world")
 */
 public function sayHelloAction($name)
 {
 $html = $this->container->get('templating')->render(
 'polite/sayHello.html.twig',
 ['myName' => $name]
 );
 
 return new Response($html);
 }
 @weaverryan
48. {% extends 'base.html.twig' %}
 
 {% block body %}
 Hello {{ myName }}!
 {% endblock %}
 @weaverryan
49. Request -> Response Framework The Controller: Our code: constructs the page Response: Hello Drupal! Container (with services) Routing: Determine a function that can create this page (the controller) Request: GET /hello/Drupal! @weaverryan
50. What else does Symfony do? @weaverryan
51. Doctrine ORM $em = $this->container ->get('doctrine.orm.entity_manager'); 
 $post = $em->getRepository('AppBundle:Post')
 ->findOneBySlug($slug);
 
 // ...
 
 $em->persist($post);
 $em->flush();
 @weaverryan
52. or just use the DBAL or PDO $conn = $this->container ->get('database_connection'); 
 $sql = 'SELECT id, name FROM post';
 $posts = $conn->fetchAll($sql); @weaverryan
53. Forms $form = $this->container->get('form.factory') ->createBuilder()
 ->add('email', 'email')
 ->add('username', 'text')
 ->add('gender', 'choice', [
 'choices' => ['f' => 'Female', 'm' => 'Male']
 ])
 ->getForm();
 
 $form->handleRequest($request);
 if ($form->isValid()) {
 $data = $form->getData();
 // do some stuff
 }
 
 $html = $this->container->get('templating')->render(
 'user/register.html.twig',
 ['form' => $form->createView()]
 );
 
 return new Response($html);
54. Forms {{ form_start(form) }}
 {{ form_row(form.email) }}
 {{ form_row(form.username) }}
 {{ form_row(form.gender) }}
 
 <button type="submit">Do it!</button>
 {{ form_end(form) }} @weaverryan
55. or just do it yourself $email = $request->request->get('email');
 $username = $request->request->get('username');
 $gender = $request->request->get('gender'); @weaverryan
56. … and infinitely more with community bundles @weaverryan
57. Act 4 Creating your own Services @weaverryan
58. Now we want to select a random greeting each time @weaverryan
59. Put this logic in our controller? How about a flat function somewhere? @weaverryan
60. namespace AppBundle\Greet;
 
 class RandomGreeter
 {
 private static $greetings = [
 'Hello %s',
 'Hola %s!',
 'git blame. Ah, I knew it was %s!'
 ];
 
 public function randomlyGreet($name)
 {
 $key = array_rand(self::$greetings);
 $greeting = self::$greetings[$key];
 
 return sprintf($greeting, $name);
 }
 }
61. public function sayHelloAction($name)
 {
 $greeter = new RandomGreeter();
 $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name);
 
 $html = $this->container->get('templating')->render(
 'polite/sayHello.html.twig',
 ['theGreeting' => $greeting]
 );
 
 return new Response($html);
 } @weaverryan
62. Could we log which greeting was chosen? @weaverryan
63. @weaverryan
64. public function sayHelloAction($name)
 {
 $greeter = new RandomGreeter();
 $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name);
 
 $this->container->get('logger')
 ->info('Created greeting: '.$greeting);
 
 // ...
 }
 @weaverryan
65. Could we log from inside RandomGreeter? @weaverryan
66. class RandomGreeter
 {
 public function randomlyGreet($name)
 {
 $key = array_rand(self::$greetings);
 $greeting = self::$greetings[$key];
 
 $this->container->get('logger')
 ->info('Created greeting: '.$greeting);
 
 return sprintf($greeting, $name);
 }
 } There’s no container property! That’s magic only the controller has
67. omg DEPENDENCY INJECTION @weaverryan
68. class RandomGreeter
 {
 private $logger;
 
 public function __construct($logger)
 {
 $this->logger = $logger;
 }
 
 // ...
 }
 @weaverryan
69. class RandomGreeter
 {
 private $logger;
 
 public function __construct(LoggerInterface $logger)
 {
 $this->logger = $logger;
 }
 
 // ...
 }
 @weaverryan If you’re feeling fancy and/or awesome
70. class RandomGreeter
 {
 private $logger;
 
 // ...
 
 public function randomlyGreet($name)
 {
 $key = array_rand(self::$greetings);
 $greeting = self::$greetings[$key];
 
 $this->logger ->info('Created greeting: '.$greeting);
 
 return sprintf($greeting, $name);
 }
 }

71. public function sayHelloAction($name)
 {
 $greeter = new RandomGreeter( $this->container->get('logger') );
 $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name);
 
 // ...
 } @weaverryan
72. Act 5 Teach Symfony how to instantiate your services @weaverryan
73. services:
 my_random_greeter:
 class: AppBundle\Greet\RandomGreeter
 arguments:
 - "@logger"
 @weaverryan
74. services:
 my_random_greeter:
 class: AppBundle\Greet\RandomGreeter
 arguments:
 - "@logger"

75. public function sayHelloAction($name)
 {
 /* $greeter = new RandomGreeter(
 $this->container->get('logger')
 ); */
 
 $greeter = $this->container ->get('my_random_greeter');
 $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name);
 
 // ...
 }
 @weaverryan
76. Act 6 Events (extra credit) @weaverryan
77. Just like Drupal “hooks”, Silex has events @weaverryan
78. “Hi! When event XXXXX happens, execute this function. kthxbai” YOU CAN TELL SILEX @weaverryan
79. EVENTS kernel.view kernel.response Request -> Response Framework The Controller: Our code: constructs the page Container (with services) EVENT kernel.controller Response: Hello Drupal! Routing: Determine a function that can create this page (the controller) Request: GET /hello/Drupal! EVENT kernel.request @weaverryan
80. What if we didn’t return a Response from the controller?
81. public function sayHelloAction($name)
 {
 $greeter = $this->container ->get('my_random_greeter');
 $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name);
 
 return [
 'template' => 'polite/sayHello.html.twig',
 'variables' => ['theGreeting' => $greeting]
 ];
 } @weaverryan
82. @weaverryan I’m so angry right now!!!!!
83. class RenderArrayViewSubscriber implements EventSubscriberInterface
 {
 private $templating;
 
 public function __construct(EngineInterface $templating)
 {
 $this->templating = $templating;
 }
 
 public function onView()
 {
 // call me if the controller does not
 // return a Response
 }
 
 public static function getSubscribedEvents()
 {
 return ['kernel.view' => 'onView'];
 }
 }

84. services:
 # ...
 
 listener.render_array_view_listener:
 class: AppBundle\EventListener\RenderArrayViewSubscriber
 arguments:
 - "@templating"
 tags:
 - { name: kernel.event_subscriber }
 @weaverryan
85. public function onView(GetResponseForControllerResultEvent $event)
 {
 $controllerResult = $event->getControllerResult();
 
 if (!is_array($controllerResult)) {
 return;
 }
 if (!isset($controllerResult['template'])) {
 return;
 }
 
 $template = $controllerResult['template'];
 $variables = $controllerResult['variables'];
 $html = $this->templating->render($template, $variables);
 
 $response = new Response($html);
 $event->setResponse($response);
 }
86. Act 7 Build something amazing @weaverryan
87. It’d be nice to learn by looking at a real, fully- feature application @weaverryan “
88. @weaverryan
90. @weaverryan Use + the Symfony plugin http://bit.ly/phpstorm-symfony
91. http://symfony.com/doc
92. @weaverryan KnpUniversity.com Screencasts
93. @weaverryan require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';
 
 $app = new Silex\Application();
 
 $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) {
 return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name);
 });
 
 $app->run();
 Use Silex!
94. Use D8 @weaverryan
95. Act 8 , & @weaverryan
96. PRINCIPAL THEMES • Request/Response • Routing/Controller • PHP Namespaces/Autoloading • Services/Container 
 • Events/Listeners 
 • Profiler All are the same in Silex, Drupal & Symfony @weaverryan
97. You can use Silex to learn Drupal! @weaverryan
98. You can use Silex to learn Symfony! @weaverryan
99. You can use Symfony to learn Drupal! @weaverryan
100. https://www.flickr.com/photos/zzpza/32697842 Finally, We have more tools to solve problems
101. Ryan Weaver @weaverryan THANK YOU!