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Rails6.0 での複数 DB 対応
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Yuta Horii
July 31, 2019
Programming
2
550
Rails6.0 での複数 DB 対応
Talked at Ebisu.rb #24
https://ebisurb.connpass.com/event/138395
Yuta Horii
July 31, 2019
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Transcript
Rails6.0 Ͱͷෳ DB ରԠ Ebisu.rb #24
@yutadayo • ງҪ ༤ଠ • Ebisu.rb ͷΦʔΨφΠβʔ͍ͯ͠·͢ • ANGEL PORTʢhttps://angl.jpʣͱ͍
͏αʔϏεΛ࡞͍ͬͯ·͢
ࠓ͢͜ͱ ɾRails 6.0.0.rc2 ͕ 7/22 ʹϦϦʔε ɾMultiple Databases αϙʔτͷհ
https://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/active_record_multiple_databases.html
Ұൠతͳ Master / Slave ߏͷDB .BTUFS %# 3FQMJDB %# "QQ
ϨϓϦέʔγϣϯ 8SJUF3FBE 3FBE0OMZ
• switch_point • https://github.com/eagletmt/switch_point • Octopus • https://github.com/thiagopradi/octopus • multi_db
• https://github.com/schoefmann/multi_db ෳDBΛѻ͏ gems
• ෳͷ Primary DB ͱͦΕͧΕʹରԠ͢Δ Replica DB • ՔಇதͷϞσϧͰͷࣗಈଓΓସ͑ •
HTTPಈࢺɺۙͷॻ͖ࠐΈʹԠͨ͡ Primary ͱ Replica ͷ ࣗಈΓସ͑ • ෳDBͷ࡞ɾআɾϚΠάϨʔγϣϯૢ࡞Λߦ͏ Rails Task αϙʔτ͞ΕΔ༰
• γϟʔσΟϯά • ΫϥελΛ·͕ͨΔJoinจͷൃߦ • Replica DB ͷϩʔυόϥϯγϯά • ෳDB༻ͷ
schema cache ͷ Dumping ݱ࣌Ͱαϙʔτ͞Εͳ͍༰
production: primary: database: primary_db user: root adapter: mysql primary_replica: database:
secondary_db user: root_readonly adapter: mysql replica: true animals: database: animals_db user: root adapter: mysql migrations_paths: db/animals_migrate animals_replica: database: animals_secondary_db user: root_readonly adapter: mysql replica: true ෳDB ͱ Replica ͷઃఆ
• Replica DB ʹ replica: true Λઃఆ͢Δ • ৽͘͠Ճͨ͠ DB
ʹϚΠάϨʔγϣϯϑΝΠϧஔ͖ ͷ migrations_paths Λઃఆ͢Δ • ΨΠυϥΠϯʹ replica primary ͱಉ͡DB໊ͰϢʔ βʔΛ͚Δ͖ͱ͋Δ͕ɺผDBͳ͘ઃఆͰ͖Δ ཁ
ϞσϧͰͷࢦఆ class AnimalsBase < ApplicationRecord self.abstract_class = true connects_to database:
{ writing: :animals, reading: :animals_replica } end class ApplicationRecord < ActiveRecord::Base self.abstract_class = true connects_to database: { writing: :primary, reading: :primary_replica } end ֤Ϟσϧຖʹ্هͷઃఆΛߦ͏͜ͱͰ͖Δ͕ɺυΩϡϝϯτ Ͱ୯ҰͷϞσϧʹઃఆΛهࡌ͠ɺͦΕΛܧঝ͢Δ͜ͱΛਪ ※ DB ଓ࣌ʹϞσϧͷΫϥε໊ຖʹίωΫγϣϯpool Λ࡞Δ ͷͰɺDB ΫϥΠΞϯτͷଓΛফඅͯ͠͠·͏
$ rails -T rails db:create rails db:create:animals Rails db:create:primary rails
db:drop rails db:drop:animals Rails db:drop:primary rails db:migrate rails db:migrate:animals Rails db:migrate:primary Rails db:migrate:status Rails db:migrate:status:animals Rails db:migrate:status:primary Migrations
• ैདྷͷ rails db:create Ͱ primary ͱ animals ྆DB࡞͞Ε Δ
• rails db:create:animals ͰࢦఆͷDBͷ࡞Մೳ • migrations_paths ͷϑΥϧμ໊ʹDB໊Λ prefix ʹ͚ͭΔ ͖ • ͚ͳͯ͘ɺࢦఆ͞Ε͍ͯΕͳ͍Α͏Ͱ͢ ཁ
• rails db:create Ͱ replica: true ͷDB࡞͞Ε ͳ͍ • rails
db:create:primary_replica ΤϥʔʹͳΔ • ಉ༷ʹෳDBͷઃఆ͕ͳ͍ database.yml Ͱ rails db:create:primary ΤϥʔʹͳΔ μϝͩͬͨ͜ͱ
ଓͷΓସ͑ʢΦʔτฤʣ config.active_record.database_selector = { delay: 2.seconds } config.active_record.database_resolver = ActiveRecord::Middleware::DatabaseSelector::Resolver
config.active_record.database_resolver_context = ActiveRecord::Middleware::DatabaseSelector::Resolver::Session application.rb ʹ্هઃఆΛՃ͢Δ͚ͩ
• POST / PUT / DELETE / PATCH ͷϦΫΤετ primary
• ॻ͖ࠐΈޙɺdelayʢσϑΥϧτ2ඵʣؒ primary ͰҎ߱ replica • GET / HEAD delay ΑΓલʹॻ͖ࠐΈ͕ͳ͍߹ replica • ࣮ΛΈΔͱ session[:last_write] ͱϦΫΤετ࣌ࠁͷ͕ࠩ delay Λա͍͗ͯͳ͍͔νΣοΫ͢Δ͚ͩͷγϯϓϧͳ࣮ ཁ
ଓͷΓସ͑ʢϚχϡΞϧฤʣ ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(role: :reading) do # do something end ίʔυϒϩοΫͰɺroleΛࢦఆͯ͠ɺΫΤϦΛൃߦ͢Δ ActiveRecord::Base.
connected_to(database: { reading_slow: :slow_replica }) do # do something end database.yml ʹఆ͕ٛ͋Εɺผͷ database ҾΛࢦఆՄೳ
• γϯϓϧʹ Write master Read replica ͷέʔεͰେม༗
ޮɺطଘͷgem٫νϟϯε • ෳDB Ͱͷ Migration όονϦαϙʔτ • Slave ͷ όϥϯγϯάαϙʔτ֎ͳͷͰɺෳ replica ͕͋Δ߹ผ ͷػߏ͕ඞཁ • RDS Auroraͷ߹ΫϥελʔΤϯυϙΠϯτΛࢦఆ͓͚ͯ͠ྑ͞ ͦ͏ ·ͱΊ