Kotlin for Android Developers (v2)

During the process of coding a Contacts App, we'll see some of the Kotlin features that will boost Android development, and how they compare with Java.

The complete code of the presentation can be found at: https://github.com/antoniolg/kontacts

Slides from talk at Codemotion 2015.

Transcript

1. MADRID · NOV 27-28 · 2015 Kotlin for Android Developers Antonio Leiva @lime_cl
2. http://plex.tv
3. http://antonioleiva.com
4. Let’s create a contacts App!
5. Contacts App https://github.com/antoniolg/kontacts
6. What is Kotlin?
7. What is Kotlin? • JVM based • Object-oriented functional language • Created by JetBrains (IntelliJ, Android Studio) • Simple,lightweight, interoperable
8. Let’s code!
9. Let’s code! Title Text Model
10. JAVA public class Contact {
 
 private final String name;
 private final String imageUrl;
 
 public Contact(String name, String imageUrl) {
 this.name = name;
 this.imageUrl = imageUrl;
 }
 
 public String getName() {
 return name;
 }
 
 public String getImageUrl() {
 return imageUrl;
 }
 }
11. JAVA public class Contact {
 
 …
 
 public String toString() {
 return String.format("name: %s; imageUrl: %s", name, imageUrl);
 }
 
 @Override public boolean equals(Object o) {
 if (o instanceof Contact) {
 Contact c = (Contact) o;
 return name.equals(c.getName()) && imageUrl.equals(c.getImageUrl());
 } else {
 return false;
 }
 }
 }
12. Properties KOTLIN Property = Field + Getter (+ Setter) val name: String val imageUrl: String
13. Constructor KOTLIN class Contact(name: String, imageUrl: String) { … }
14. Constructor KOTLIN class Contact(val name: String, val imageUrl: String) { … }
15. String templates KOTLIN override fun toString(): String {
 
 } 
 return "name: $name; imageUrl: $imageUrl"

16. Auto-Casting KOTLIN override fun equals(other: Any?) = when (other) {
 is Contact -> name == other.name 
 && imageUrl == other.imageUrl
 else -> false
 }
17. Null safety KOTLIN var artist: Artist? = null
 artist.print() var artist: Artist? = null
 artist?.print() won´t compile will do nothing if (artist != null) {
 artist.print()
 } Smart cast var artist: Artist? = null
 artist!!.print() will crash
18. Data Class KOTLIN data class Contact(val name: String, val imageUrl: String)
19. Data Class KOTLIN data class Contact(val name: String, val imageUrl: String) val (name, url) = contact
20. Let’s code! Title Text View Binding
21. View binding Java -> Butterknife
22. View binding Java -> Butterknife Kotlin -> Property delegation val recyclerView by lazy { findViewById(R.id.recycler) as RecyclerView }
23. View binding Java -> Butterknife Kotlin -> Property delegation val recyclerView by lazy { findViewById(R.id.recycler) as RecyclerView }
24. Kotlin Android Extensions Direct access to XML views using its id as property name activity_main.xml <FrameLayout
 android:id="@+id/frameLayout"
 xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent">
 
 <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
 android:id="@+id/recycler"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
 
 </FrameLayout>
25. Kotlin Android Extensions Import synthetic properties import kotlinx.android.synthetic.activity_main.* Use the properties override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
 super<BaseActivity>.onCreate(savedInstanceState) setContentView(R.id.main)
 } recycler.layoutManager = GridLayoutManager(this, 2)
 recycler.adapter = ContactsAdapter(contacts)

26. Kotlin Android Extensions Also works on views! import kotlinx.android.synthetic.view_item.view.* Use the properties class ViewHolder(view: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(view) {
 
 fun bind(contact: Contact, listener: (Contact) -> Unit) {
 itemView.contactText.text = contact.name
 itemView.contactImage.loadUrl(contact.imageUrl)
 }
 }
27. Let’s code! Title Text Asynchrony
28. Asynchrony object: AsyncTask<Unit, Unit, List<Contact>>(){
 override fun doInBackground(vararg params: Unit?): List<Contact> {
 return GetContactsCommand().execute(this@MainActivity)
 }
 
 override fun onPostExecute(result: List<Contact>) {
 if (!isFinishing)
 recycler.adapter = ContactsAdapter(result) { navigateToDetail(it) };
 }
 }
29. Anko https://github.com/JetBrains/anko
30. Anko • DSL to declare UIs in Kotlin verticalLayout {
 val name = editText()
 button("Say Hello") {
 onClick { toast("Hello, ${name.text}!") }
 }
 }
31. Anko • DSL to declare UIs in Kotlin • Useful functions and properties context.layoutInflater context.notificationManager
 context.sensorManager
 context.vibrator toast(R.string.message)
 longToast("Wow, such a duration")
32. Anko • DSL to declare UIs in Kotlin • Useful functions and properties • SQLite helpers
33. Anko • DSL to declare UIs in Kotlin • Useful functions and properties • SQLite helpers • Easy asynchrony
34. Anko async async {
 val contacts = GetContactsCommand().execute(ctx)
 uiThread {
 recycler.adapter = ContactsAdapter(contacts)
 }
 }
35. Let’s code! Title Text Navigate to Detail
36. Navigate to Detail private fun navigateToDetail(contact: Contact) {
 
 } 
 val intent = Intent(this, DetailActivity::class.java)
 intent.putExtra("name", contact.name)
 intent.putExtra("imageUrl", contact.imageUrl)
 startActivity(intent)

37. Navigate (with Anko) private fun navigateToDetail(contact: Contact) {
 
 } 
 startActivity<DetailActivity>("name" to contact.name,
 "imageUrl" to contact.imageUrl)

38. Let’s code! Title Text Extension functions
39. Extension functions override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): ViewHolder {
 val v = … return ViewHolder(v)
 }

40. Extension functions val v =
41. Extension functions val v = LayoutInflater
42. Extension functions val v = LayoutInflater .from(
43. Extension functions val v = LayoutInflater .from( parent.context)
44. Extension functions val v = LayoutInflater .from( parent.context) .inflate(R.layout.view_item,
45. Extension functions val v = LayoutInflater .from( parent.context) .inflate(R.layout.view_item, parent,
46. Extension functions val v = LayoutInflater .from( parent.context) .inflate(R.layout.view_item, parent, false)
47. Extension functions val v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context) .inflate(R.layout.view_item, parent, false)

48. Extension functions val v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context) .inflate(R.layout.view_item, parent, false)
 val v = parent.inflate(R.layout.view_item)
49. return LayoutInflater.from(context) .inflate(layoutRes, this,
 } Extension functions fun ViewGroup.inflate(layoutRes: Int ): View { false )
50. return LayoutInflater.from(context) .inflate(layoutRes, this,
 } Extension functions fun ViewGroup.inflate(layoutRes: Int ): View { ) attachToRoot: Boolean = false , attachToRoot
51. return LayoutInflater.from(context) .inflate(layoutRes, this,
 } Extension functions fun ViewGroup.inflate(layoutRes: Int ): View { ) attachToRoot: Boolean = false , attachToRoot viewGroup.inflate(R.layout.view_item)
 viewGroup.inflate(R.layout.view_item, false)
 viewGroup.inflate(R.layout.view_item, true)
52. return LayoutInflater.from(context) .inflate(layoutRes, this,
 } Extension functions fun ViewGroup.inflate(layoutRes: Int ): View { ) attachToRoot: Boolean = false , attachToRoot
53. Extension functions Picasso.with(contactImage.context).load(contact.imageUrl) .into(contactImage)
54. Extension functions Picasso.with(contactImage.context).load(contact.imageUrl) .into(contactImage) contactImage.loadUrl(contact.imageUrl)
55. Extension functions fun ImageView.loadUrl(url: String) {
 Picasso.with(context).load(url).into(this)
 }
56. Functional features
57. Functional features Lambdas
58. Lambdas function: (T) -> R
59. Lambdas public interface Callback<T> {
 void invoke(T result);
 }
 
 public void asyncOperation(int value, Callback<Boolean> callback){
 ...
 callback.invoke(true);
 } JAVA asyncOperation(5, new Callback<Boolean>() {
 @Override public void invoke(Boolean result) {
 System.out.println("Result: " + result);
 }
 });
60. Lambdas fun asyncOperation(value: Int, callback: (Boolean) -> Unit) {
 ...
 callback(true)
 } asyncOperation(5) { result ->
 println("result: $result")
 }
61. Lambdas fun asyncOperation(value: Int, callback: (Boolean) -> Unit) {
 ...
 callback(true)
 } asyncOperation(5) { result ->
 println("result: $result")
 } asyncOperation(5) { println("result: $it") }
62. Lambdas asyncOperation(5) { println("result: $it") } asyncOperation(5, new Callback<Boolean>() {
 @Override public void invoke(Boolean result) {
 System.out.println("Result: " + result);
 }
 });
63. Lambdas recycler.adapter = ContactsAdapter(contacts) { navigateToDetail(it) }
64. Lambdas recycler.adapter = ContactsAdapter(contacts) { navigateToDetail(it) } class ContactsAdapter(val contacts: List<Contact>, val listener: (Contact) -> Unit)
65. Lambdas recycler.adapter = ContactsAdapter(contacts) { navigateToDetail(it) } class ContactsAdapter(val contacts: List<Contact>, val listener: (Contact) -> Unit) itemView.setOnClickListener { listener(contact) }
66. Functional features Collections
67. Collections • Iterable • Collection • List • Set • Map filter sort map zip dropWhile first firstOrNull last lastOrNull fold …
68. Collections val contacts = ArrayList<Contact>()
 
 for (contact in parsedContacts) {
 if (contact.name != null && contact.image != null) {
 contacts.add(Contact(contact.name, contact.image))
 }
 }
 
 Collections.sort(contacts, { o1, o2 -> if (o1.name <= o2.name) -1 else 1 })
69. Collections parsedContacts .filter { it.name != null && it.image != null }
 .sortedBy { it.name }
 .map { Contact(it.name!!, it.image!!) }
70. Conclusion
71. Conclusion • Lightweight, simple and powerful • Simplifies Android Development • 1.0 Beta 2 -> Final version soon!
72. http://antonioleiva.com/book/ Kotlin for Android Developers • Create App from scratch • Step by step • Complete Kotlin coverage • Updated to latest version
73. http://antonioleiva.com/book/ ?