]), [[ ... ]] 檔案目錄 touch, ln, mkdir, cp, rm, rmdir, file, pwd, cd, ls, chown, chmod, mv, more, tail, df, locate, cat, source(.), mount 系統資訊、行程 date, uname, id, help, type, which, hash, history, man, ps, sleep, sync, time, kill, exec, exit, return, reboot, poweroff 輸出輸入、數值邏輯 echo, printf, read, seq, expr, let, bc, true(:), false