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Ansible: an introduction

Jan-Piet Mens
November 08, 2012

Ansible: an introduction

Ansible configuration management

Jan-Piet Mens

November 08, 2012
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  1. Automation should not require programming experience; it MUST [RFC 2119]

    be easy We all have other stuff to do, don't we?
  2. Python 2.6 + Paramiko, PyYAML, Jinja2 on manager 2.4 +

    simplejson on nodes Can run in virtualenv and from git checkout
  3. executable hosts • CMDB (LDAP, SQL, etc.) • Cobbler •

    EC2, OpenStack, etc. • make your own: JSON
  4. ad-hoc copy $ ansible devservers -m copy -a 'src=resolv.conf dest=/etc/resolv.conf'

    a1.ww.mens.de | success >> { "changed": true, "dest": "/etc/resolv.conf", "group": "adm", "md5sum": "c6fce6e28c46be0512eaf3b7cfdb66d7", "mode": "0644", "owner": "jpm", "path": "resolv.conf", "src": "/home/jpm/.ansible/tmp/ansible-322091977449/resolv.conf", "state": "file" }
  5. facts Plus ohai and facter if installed on node "ansible_architecture":

    "x86_64", "ansible_default_ipv4": { "address": "192.168.1.194", "gateway": "192.168.1.1", "interface": "eth0", "macaddress": "22:54:00:02:8e:0f", }, "ansible_distribution": "CentOS", "ansible_distribution_version": "6.2", "ansible_fqdn": "a1.ww.mens.de", "ansible_hostname": "a1", "ansible_processor_count": 1, "ansible_product_name": "KVM", "ansible_swapfree_mb": 989,
  6. modules apt, apt_repository, assemble, async_status, authorized_key, command, copy, cron, debug,

    easy_install, facter, fail, fetch, file, fireball, get_url, git, group, ini_file, lineinfile, mail, mount, mysql_db, mysql_user, nagios, ohai, pause, ping, pip, postgresql_db, postgresql_user, raw, seboolean, selinux, service, setup, shell, slurp, subversion, supervisorctl, template, user, virt, yum Plus many more: provisioning, contrib, etc.
  7. Playbooks • YAML • OS configuration • APP deployment •

    collections of actions using modules • each group of actions is a play • notification handlers
  8. Install, configure tmux --- - hosts: devservers user: f2 sudo:

    True vars: editmode: vi tasks: - name: Install tmux package action: yum name=tmux state=installed - name: Configure tmux action: template src=tmux.conf.j2 dest=/etc/tmux.conf - name: Tell master action: shell echo "${ansible_fqdn} done" >> /tmp/list delegate_to: k4.ww.mens.de
  9. variables • From inventory • In plays • From host_vars/

    files • From group_vars/ files • From register --- editmode: emacs admin: Jane Jolie location: Bldg Z8/211
  10. templates in Jinja2 # {{ ansible_managed }} {# editmode is

    either "vi" or "emacs" #} set -g prefix C-a set -g status-utf8 on setw -g mode-keys {{ editmode }} # Ansible managed: tmux.conf.j2 modified on 2012-10-14 09:47:11 by jpm on hippo set -g prefix C-a set -g status-utf8 on setw -g mode-keys vi
  11. generate /etc/hosts {% for k,v in hostvars.iteritems() -%} {{ v['ansible_eth0']['ipv4']['address']}}

    {{ k }} \ {{ v['ansible_hostname'] }} {% endfor %} 192.168.1.218 k4.ww.mens.de k4 192.168.1.194 a1.ww.mens.de a1 ...
  12. ready, steady, fire! --- # Initialize fireball - hosts: nameservers

    gather_facts: false connection: ssh user: f2 sudo: yes tasks: - action: fireball # fireball now! - hosts: nameservers connection: fireball tasks: - action: copy src=resolv.cf dest=/etc/resolv.conf - action: template src=bind.in dest=/etc/named.conf mode=0600
  13. API: task execution #!/usr/bin/env python import ansible.runner import sys res

    = ansible.runner.Runner( pattern='a1*', module_name='command', module_args='/usr/bin/uptime' ).run() print res {'dark': {}, 'contacted': {'a1.ww.mens.de': {u'changed': True, u'end': u'2012-10-22 09:07:18.327568', u'stdout': u'09:07:18 up 100 days, 2:13, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00', u'cmd': [u'/usr/bin/uptime'], u'rc': 0, u'start': u'2012-10-22 09:07:18.323645', u'stderr': u'', u'delta': u'0:00:00.003923', 'invocation': {'module_name': u'command', 'module_args': u'/usr/bin/uptime'}}}}
  14. Extansible • Callbacks (Python) • Action plugins (Python) • Data

    sources (Python) • Inventory sources (any language)