TokyoR #106 Beginners' Session1

ॳ৺ऀηογϣϯ $POpHVSJOH3&OWJSPONFOU 5PLZP3 !LPUBUZBNUFNB

ࣗݾ঺հ 5XJUUFS*%!LPUBUZBNUFNB େֶͰͷઐ໳ߦಈੜଶֶ ཱҊdั֫d࣮ݧd෼ੳ·ͰϫϯΦϖ ࠓ·Ͱ٬ઌ΅ͬͪ෼ੳ԰ˠΞύϨϧ௨ൢձࣾ ݱࡏҩྍݕࠪձࣾ 3ྺ೥ա͔͗ͨ΋ʁӬԕͷॳ৺ऀ ۙگ൒೥ʹҰ౓ңΧϝϥΛͷΉӋ໨ʹ ٻΉɿ΍ΔؾεΠον

໨త 3Λ࢖͏ͨΊͷ؀ڥઃఆ͕ Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ 3Λշదʹ࢖͏ઃఆ͕ Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ

ϓϩάϥϜݴޠ*%&ͱ͸ 334UVEJPͱ͸ ɹΠϯετʔϧํ๏ 3ͷ؀ڥͱσ ΟϨΫτϦͷؔ܎ ઈରύεͱ૬ରύε
QSPKFDUͱ͸ σʔλίʔυͷ؅ཧͱ%JSFDUPSZͷߏ੒ 3ͷػೳ֦ு ɹQBDLBHFͷΠϯετʔϧͱ؅ཧ ύοέʔδʹ͋Δσʔλͷݺͼग़͠ .&/6

ϓϩάϥϜݴޠ*%&ͱ͸ ϓϩάϥϜݴޠͱ͸ɿ ίϯϐϡʔλʹ೚ҙͷಈ࡞Λͤ͞Δ໋ྩΛॻͨ͘Ίͷݴޠ &Y3 1ZUIPO 3VCZFUD *%& ౷߹։ൃ؀ڥ ͱ͸ɿ ϓϩάϥϜΛ࢖ͬͯ։ൃ͕͠΍͍͢Α͏ʹ࡞ΒΕͨ؀ڥ
&Y34UVEJP +VQJUFS/PUFCPPLFUD *%& ౷߹։ൃ؀ڥ ϓϩάϥϜݴޠ

334UVEJPͱ͸ 3ͱ͸ɿ ɹ౷ܭֶͷͨΊʹಛԽͨ͠ϓϩάϥϜ ɹˠσʔλಡΈࠐΈʙղੳʙΞϓϦ࡞੒·ͰҰ௨Γ؆୯ʹͰ͖Δ 34UVEJPͱ͸ɿ ɹ1PTJU͕ࣾఏڙ͢Δ3ʹಛԽͨ͠*%& ౷߹։ൃ؀ڥ ɹ3NBSLEPXO΍4IJOZɺ(JUɺ%8)ͱͷ࿈ܞ͕εϜʔζʹ ɹίʔσ
ΟϯάதͷαδΣετ΍ิ׬ػೳ͕ॆ࣮ 34UVEJP 3

334UVEJPͱ͸ 3ຊମͷΠϯετʔϧɿ $3"/ $PNQSFIFOTJWF3"SDIJWF/FUXPSL ɾ$3"/ͱ͸ɿެࣜͷຊମٴͼύοέʔδ഑৴༻8FCαΠτ ɹIUUQTDSBOSQSPKFDUPSHɹ ɾ.BD؀ڥͷ৔߹͸IPNFCSFXͰ΋ΠϯετʔϧՄ ɹIPNFCSFXͷ)1 IUUQTCSFXTIJOEFY@KB
34UVEJPͷΠϯετʔϧɿ ɾ34UVEJPͷ)1͔ΒΠϯετʔϥΛμ΢ϯϩʔυ ɹ IUUQTQPTJUDPQSPEVDUTPQFOTPVSDFSTUVEJP ɾ.BD؀ڥͷ৔߹͸IPNFCSFXDBTLͰ΋ΠϯετʔϧՄ ஫ҙ఺ɿ3ຊମˠ34UVEJPͷॱʹΠϯετʔϧ͢Δ͜ͱ

334UVEJPͱ͸ εΫϦϓτΛॻ͘ ࣮ࢪ݁Ռͷग़ྗ ؀ڥʹ͋ΔσʔλͳͲΛදࣔ ˠλϒͰදࣔΛ੾Γସ͑ ࡞ۀϑΥϧμʹ͋Δ ϑΝΠϧΛදࣔ ˠλϒͰදࣔΛ੾Γସ͑ ࠓͷQSPKFDU໊Λදࣔ 34UVEJPͷΠϝʔδ

3ͷ؀ڥͱσΟϨΫτϦͷؔ܎ 1$ϝϞϦͷҰ෦ΛUFNQPSBSZͳϝϞϦͱͯ͠࢖༻ ˠ3Λऴྃ͢Δͱফ͑Δ ˠ3Ͱ࣮ߦͨ݁͠ՌΛ3ऴྃޙ΋อ؅͢Δʹ͸SET΍DTWͳͲͷ ɹ1$্ͷΦϒδΣΫτͱͯ͠อଘ͓ͯ͘͜͠ͱ͕ඞཁ ΦϒδΣΫτͷอଘઌʹ೚ҙͷσΟϨΫτϦΛ ࡞ۀ༻σ ΟϨΫτϦ 8PSLJOH%JSFDUPSZ8% ͱͯ͠ඥ෇͚
ˠ8%͕εΫϦϓτϑΝΠϧͷอଘ΍σʔλͷ૬ରύεͷى఺ ˠݱࡏͷ8%͸zHFUXE zͰ֬ೝ

3؀ڥͱ8%ͷؔ܎ͷΠϝʔδ 3ͷ؀ڥͱσΟϨΫτϦͷؔ܎ 3؀ڥ 1$؀ڥ εΫϦϓτϑΝΠϧ΍ σʔλͳͲͷ΍ΓऔΓ ೚ҙͷσΟϨΫτϦʢ8%ʣͱ ؔ࿈෇͚ 8PSLJOH%JSFDUPSZ8% ˠ૬ରύεͷى఺

ύεͱ͸ɿ ໨తͷϑΥϧμϑΝΠϧͷอଘ৔ॴΛࣔ͢ॅॴͷΑ͏ͳ΋ͷ ઈରύεͱ͸ɿ ϧʔτσ ΟϨΫτϦ $΍% ͔Βهड़ͨ͠ύε ૬ରύεͱ͸ɿ 8PSLJOH%JSFDUPSZ 8%
Λى఺ʹهड़ͨ͠ύε ˠ8%ΑΓઌͷύεΛॻ͖ɺͦͷલʹzzΛ͚ͭΔ ྫɿ೔ຊࠃɹ˘˘ݝɹʓʓࢢɹººொɹɾɾɾ ྫɿ$ !!!!ʝʝ3NE ྫɿʓʓࢢɹººொɹɾɾɾ ྫɿʝʝ3NE ઈରύεͱ૬ରύε

QSPKFDUͱ͸ 3ͷQSPKFDUͱ͸ɿ σ ΟϨΫτϦͱͷඥ෇͚ʢ8%ʣɺ3؀ڥͳͲΛ·ͱΊΔ࢓૊Έ ˠQSPKFDUΛઃఆ͢Δ͜ͱͰղੳ؀ڥͷ੾Γସ͕͑༰қʹ ˠෳ਺ͷղੳΛಉ࣌ʹ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δͱඇৗʹศར ˠ(JUͱͷ࿈ܞ͕εϜʔζʹ 3؀ڥ 1$؀ڥ QSPKFDU
QSPKFDU

QSPKFDUͷઃఆํ๏ ৽͍͠ϑΥϧμΛ࡞ͬͯ8%ʹ͢Δ ࠓ͋ΔϑΥϧμΛ8%ʹ͢Δ ӈ্ʹ͋Δ1SPKFDUΛΫϦοΫ ˠ/FX1SPKFDUΛબ୒ (JUIVC͔ΒΫϩʔϯͯ͘͠Δ ˎࠓճͷର৅֎

QSPKFDUͷઃఆํ๏ ৽͍͠ϑΥϧμΛ࡞ͬͯ8%ʹ͢Δ ࠓ͋ΔϑΥϧμΛ8%ʹ͢Δ 8%ʹ͢ΔϑΥϧμΛબ୒ 8%ͷ໊લ QSPKFDU໊ 8%Λஔ͘ϑΥϧμΛબ୒ ✔ ✔ QSPKFDUͰࢦఆͨ͠8%ʹ
<QSPKFDU໊3QSPK>ͱ͍͏ ϑΝΠϧ͕Ͱ͖͍ͯΕ͹ ઃఆ׬ྃ

σʔλίʔυͷ؅ཧͱ%JSFDUPSZͷߏ੒ QSPKFDUͷσ ΟϨΫτϦͷதΛͲ͏ߏங͢Δ͔ ˠσʔλ΍ίʔυͷ؅ཧͷ͠΍͢͞ͱ ɹσΟϨΫτϦͷߏ੒͸΄΅Πίʔϧ ˠϓϩδΣΫτͷछྨ͝ͱʹɺܾ·ͬͨߏ੒ʹ͢Δ Կ͕Ͳ͜ʹ͋Δͷ͔ଞͷϝϯόʔ΍কདྷͷࣗ෼ʹ෼͔Γ΍ ͘͢͢Δ
ܾ·ͬͨܗΛ४උ͓ͯ͘͠ͱ୳ͨ͠Γ೰Ή͜ͱ͕ݮΔ ࢀরɿ IUUQTTXDBSQFOUSZKBHJUIVCJPSOPWJDFHBQNJOEFSKB@FQJTPEFTQSPKFDU JOUSPJOEFYIUNM IUUQTRJJUBDPN4IVOUBSP@4BUPJUFNTEEEG

σʔλίʔυͷ؅ཧͱ%JSFDUPSZͷߏ੒ QSPKFDU SBXEBUBDTW NBTUFSDTW UFTU3 UFTU3 ຊ൪3 ຊ൪3 ຊ൪3 QSPKFDU
JOQVU EBUB NBTUFS NJEEMF PVUQVU GVODUJPO 3' HMN 3' HMN ݟ΍͘͢෼͔Γ΍͍͢ߏ଄ͱ໊લʹ IUUQTXXXPSFJMMZDPKQCPPLT

EJSFDUPSZpMF؅ཧͷؔ਺ ؔ਺໊ ಈ࡞ HFUXE ݱࡏͷσΟϨΫτϦͷύεΛऔಘ TFUXE lQBUIz σΟϨΫτϦͷҠಈ EJSDSFBUF lQBUIOBNFz
SFDVSTJWF σΟϨΫτϦͷ࡞੒ MJTUpMFT lQBUIz SFDVSTJWF GVMMOBNF σΟϨΫτϦ಺ͷϑΝΠϧύεͷऔಘ pMFSFNPWF lQBUIOBNFz ϑΝΠϧͷ࡟আ pMFSFOBNF GSPN UP ϑΝΠϧ໊ͷมߋ SFDVSTJWF536&'"-4&ɺ֊૚ߏ଄Λऔಘ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ GVMMOBNF536&'"-4&ɺઈରύεͰऔಘ͢Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ ࢀরɿ IUUQTXXXLBSBEBHPPEOFUBOBMZUJDTSS IUUQTRJJUBDPNPLJZVLJJUFNTFCFFCGD

3ͷػೳ֦ு 3ͷػೳΛ֦ு͢ΔͨΊͷϓϩάϥϜɿQBDLBHF lQBDLBHFzΛ௥Ճ͢Δ͜ͱͰ؆୯ʹػೳ֦ு͕Ͱ͖Δ ੈքதͰ։ൃ͞Ε͍ͯͯศརͳख๏͕͙͢࢖͑Δ σϞ࣮ߦͷͨΊͷαϯϓϧσʔλ΋࢖͑Δ 3ެࣜͷQBDLBHFू $3"/
IUUQTDSBOJTNBDKQ HJUIVCʹެ։͞Ε͍ͯΔݸਓ࡞੒QBDLBHF ͪ͜Β͸ࣗݾ੹೚Ͱ

QBDLBHFͷ௥Ճ QBDLBHFͷ௥Ճํ๏ 34UVEJPͷ1BDLBHFTλϒΛ࢖͏ 3FQPTJUPSZ $3"/ ʹνΣοΫ Πϯετʔϧ͍ͨ͠QBDLBHF໊Λೖྗ
JOTUBMMΛԡ͢ νΣοΫΛ ֎͞ͳ͍͜ͱ

QBDLBHFͷ௥Ճ QBDLBHFͷ௥Ճํ๏ JOTUBMMQBDLBHFؔ਺Λࣗ෼Ͱॻ͘ ෳ਺Πϯετʔϧ͢Δ࣌͸D ͰғΉ ґଘQBDLBHFͷ͏ͪ4VHHFTUT·ͰΠϯετʔϧ͢Δ࣌͸ lEFQFOEFODJTF536&zΛ௥Ճ
&YBNQMF JOTUBMMQBLDBHFT D lSFBESz lEBUBUBCMFz EFQFOEFODJFT536& ࢀর IUUQTTUBUTCJPQBQZSVTKQSCBTJDQBDLBHFIUNM

QBDLBHFͷݺͼग़͠ ࢖͏࣌ʹ͸lMJCSBSZ zPSlSFRVJSF zͰ؀ڥʹݺͼग़͢ MJCSBSZ EQMZS PSSFRVJSF EQMZS Կ͕ҧ͏͔ʁ
QBDLBHF͕Πϯετʔϧ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͔ͬͨ৔߹ͷڍಈɹ ɾMJCSBSZ QBDLHFͳ͍ΑͱΤϥʔग़ͯ͠ऴྃɹ ࣮͸MJCSBSZ MPHJDBMSFUVSO536& ͩͱ SFRVJSF ͱಉ͡ڍಈ ɾSFRVJSF QBDLBHF͕͋Δͱz536&zɺͳ͍ͱl'"-4&zΛฦ͢ ࢀর IUUQTTUBDLPWFSqPXDPNRVFTUJPOTXIBUJTUIF EJGGFSFODFCFUXFFOSFRVJSFBOEMJCSBSZ

QBMNFSQFOHVJOTύοέʔδ͔ΒlQFOHVJOTzσʔλΛݺͼग़͢ IUUQTBMMJTPOIPSTUHJUIVCJPQBMNFSQFOHVJOT ## packageͷΠϯετʔϧ install.packages(palmerpenguins, dependencies = TRUE)) ## packageͷݺͼग़͠
library(palmerpenguins) ύοέʔδʹ͋Δσʔλͷݺͼग़͠ "SUXPSLCZ!BMMJTPO@IPSTU

QSPKFDU΍QBDLBHFͳͲղੳ؀ڥΛշదʹ͢Δํ๏͕ ͍Ζ͍Ζ͋Γ·͢ɻ ࣗ෼ͳΓͷӡ༻ํ๏ͱ؀ڥઃఆΛ͏·͘૊Έ߹Θͤ ͯշదͳ3ੜ׆Λա͍ͯͩ͘͝͠͞ɻ 3ͷ࢖͍ํʹࠔͬͨΒʜ IFMQ Λ࢖͏ $3"/ͷެࣜQEGΛಡΉ
SXBLBMBOHʹ࣭໰͢Δ HPPHMFઌੜͷ͓ੈ࿩ʹͳΔ ࠷ޙʹ &/+0:

TokyoR #106 Beginners' Session1

TokyoR #106 Beginners' Session1

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ॳ৺ऀηογϣϯ $POpHVSJOH3&OWJSPONFOU 5PLZP3 !LPUBUZBNUFNB

ࣗݾ঺հ 5XJUUFS*%!LPUBUZBNUFNB େֶͰͷઐ໳ߦಈੜଶֶ ཱҊdั֫d࣮ݧd෼ੳ·ͰϫϯΦϖ ࠓ·Ͱ٬ઌ΅ͬͪ෼ੳ԰ˠΞύϨϧ௨ൢձࣾ ݱࡏҩྍݕࠪձࣾ 3ྺ೥ա͔͗ͨ΋ʁӬԕͷॳ৺ऀ ۙگ൒೥ʹҰ౓ңΧϝϥΛͷΉӋ໨ʹ ٻΉɿ΍ΔؾεΠον

໨త 3Λ࢖͏ͨΊͷ؀ڥઃఆ͕ Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ 3Λշదʹ࢖͏ઃఆ͕ Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ

ϓϩάϥϜݴޠ*%&ͱ͸ 334UVEJPͱ͸ ɹΠϯετʔϧํ๏ 3ͷ؀ڥͱσ ΟϨΫτϦͷؔ܎ ઈରύεͱ૬ରύε

ϓϩάϥϜݴޠ%&ͱ͸ ϓϩάϥϜݴޠͱ͸ɿ ίϯϐϡʔλʹ೚ҙͷಈ࡞Λͤ͞Δ໋ྩΛॻͨ͘Ίͷݴޠ &Y3 1ZUIPO 3VCZFUD %& ౷߹։ൃ؀ڥ ͱ͸ɿ ϓϩάϥϜΛ࢖ͬͯ։ൃ͕͠΍͍͢Α͏ʹ࡞ΒΕͨ؀ڥ

334UVEJPͱ͸ 3ͱ͸ɿ ɹ౷ܭֶͷͨΊʹಛԽͨ͠ϓϩάϥϜ ɹˠσʔλಡΈࠐΈʙղੳʙΞϓϦ࡞੒·ͰҰ௨Γ؆୯ʹͰ͖Δ 34UVEJPͱ͸ɿ ɹ1PTJU͕ࣾఏڙ͢Δ3ʹಛԽͨ͠*%& ౷߹։ൃ؀ڥ ɹ3NBSLEPXO΍4IJOZɺ(JUɺ%8)ͱͷ࿈ܞ͕εϜʔζʹ ɹίʔσ

334UVEJPͱ͸ 3ຊମͷΠϯετʔϧɿ $3"/ $PNQSFIFOTJWF3"SDIJWF/FUXPSL ɾ$3"/ͱ͸ɿެࣜͷຊମٴͼύοέʔδ഑৴༻8FCαΠτ ɹIUUQTDSBOSQSPKFDUPSHɹ ɾ.BD؀ڥͷ৔߹͸IPNFCSFXͰ΋ΠϯετʔϧՄ ɹIPNFCSFXͷ)1 IUUQTCSFXTIJOEFY@KB

334UVEJPͱ͸ εΫϦϓτΛॻ͘ ࣮ࢪ݁Ռͷग़ྗ ؀ڥʹ͋ΔσʔλͳͲΛදࣔ ˠλϒͰදࣔΛ੾Γସ͑ ࡞ۀϑΥϧμʹ͋Δ ϑΝΠϧΛදࣔ ˠλϒͰදࣔΛ੾Γସ͑ ࠓͷQSPKFDU໊Λදࣔ 34UVEJPͷΠϝʔδ

3؀ڥͱ8%ͷؔ܎ͷΠϝʔδ 3ͷ؀ڥͱσΟϨΫτϦͷؔ܎ 3؀ڥ 1$؀ڥ εΫϦϓτϑΝΠϧ΍ σʔλͳͲͷ΍ΓऔΓ ೚ҙͷσΟϨΫτϦʢ8%ʣͱ ؔ࿈෇͚ 8PSLJOH%JSFDUPSZ8% ˠ૬ରύεͷى఺

ύεͱ͸ɿ ໨తͷϑΥϧμϑΝΠϧͷอଘ৔ॴΛࣔ͢ॅॴͷΑ͏ͳ΋ͷ ઈରύεͱ͸ɿ ϧʔτσ ΟϨΫτϦ $΍% ͔Βهड़ͨ͠ύε ૬ରύεͱ͸ɿ 8PSLJOH%JSFDUPSZ 8%

QSPKFDUͱ͸ 3ͷQSPKFDUͱ͸ɿ σ ΟϨΫτϦͱͷඥ෇͚ʢ8%ʣɺ3؀ڥͳͲΛ·ͱΊΔ࢓૊Έ ˠQSPKFDUΛઃఆ͢Δ͜ͱͰղੳ؀ڥͷ੾Γସ͕͑༰қʹ ˠෳ਺ͷղੳΛಉ࣌ʹ࣮ߦ͍ͯ͠Δͱඇৗʹศར ˠ(JUͱͷ࿈ܞ͕εϜʔζʹ 3؀ڥ 1$؀ڥ QSPKFDU

QSPKFDUͷઃఆํ๏ ৽͍͠ϑΥϧμΛ࡞ͬͯ8%ʹ͢Δ ࠓ͋ΔϑΥϧμΛ8%ʹ͢Δ ӈ্ʹ͋Δ1SPKFDUΛΫϦοΫ ˠ/FX1SPKFDUΛબ୒ (JUIVC͔ΒΫϩʔϯͯ͘͠Δ ˎࠓճͷର৅֎

QSPKFDUͷઃఆํ๏ ৽͍͠ϑΥϧμΛ࡞ͬͯ8%ʹ͢Δ ࠓ͋ΔϑΥϧμΛ8%ʹ͢Δ 8%ʹ͢ΔϑΥϧμΛબ୒ 8%ͷ໊લ QSPKFDU໊ 8%Λஔ͘ϑΥϧμΛબ୒ ✔ ✔ QSPKFDUͰࢦఆͨ͠8%ʹ

σʔλίʔυͷ؅ཧͱ%JSFDUPSZͷߏ੒ QSPKFDUͷσ ΟϨΫτϦͷதΛͲ͏ߏங͢Δ͔ ˠσʔλ΍ίʔυͷ؅ཧͷ͠΍͢͞ͱ ɹσΟϨΫτϦͷߏ੒͸΄΅Πίʔϧ ˠϓϩδΣΫτͷछྨ͝ͱʹɺܾ·ͬͨߏ੒ʹ͢Δ Կ͕Ͳ͜ʹ͋Δͷ͔ଞͷϝϯόʔ΍কདྷͷࣗ෼ʹ෼͔Γ΍ ͘͢͢Δ

σʔλίʔυͷ؅ཧͱ%JSFDUPSZͷߏ੒ QSPKFDU SBXEBUBDTW NBTUFSDTW UFTU3 UFTU3 ຊ൪3 ຊ൪3 ຊ൪3 QSPKFDU

EJSFDUPSZpMF؅ཧͷؔ਺ ؔ਺໊ ಈ࡞ HFUXE ݱࡏͷσΟϨΫτϦͷύεΛऔಘ TFUXE lQBUIz σΟϨΫτϦͷҠಈ EJSDSFBUF lQBUIOBNFz

3ͷػೳ֦ு 3ͷػೳΛ֦ு͢ΔͨΊͷϓϩάϥϜɿQBDLBHF lQBDLBHFzΛ௥Ճ͢Δ͜ͱͰ؆୯ʹػೳ֦ு͕Ͱ͖Δ ੈքதͰ։ൃ͞Ε͍ͯͯศརͳख๏͕͙͢࢖͑Δ σϞ࣮ߦͷͨΊͷαϯϓϧσʔλ΋࢖͑Δ 3ެࣜͷQBDLBHFू $3"/

QBDLBHFͷ௥Ճ QBDLBHFͷ௥Ճํ๏ 34UVEJPͷ1BDLBHFTλϒΛ࢖͏ 3FQPTJUPSZ $3"/ ʹνΣοΫ Πϯετʔϧ͍ͨ͠QBDLBHF໊Λೖྗ

QBDLBHFͷ௥Ճ QBDLBHFͷ௥Ճํ๏ JOTUBMMQBDLBHFؔ਺Λࣗ෼Ͱॻ͘ ෳ਺Πϯετʔϧ͢Δ࣌͸D ͰғΉ ґଘQBDLBHFͷ͏ͪ4VHHFTUT·ͰΠϯετʔϧ͢Δ࣌͸ lEFQFOEFODJTF536&zΛ௥Ճ

QBDLBHFͷݺͼग़͠ ࢖͏࣌ʹ͸lMJCSBSZ zPSlSFRVJSF zͰ؀ڥʹݺͼग़͢ MJCSBSZ EQMZS PSSFRVJSF EQMZS Կ͕ҧ͏͔ʁ

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