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선언형 UI에서의 상태관리
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HyunWoo Lee
December 21, 2024
Programming
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선언형 UI에서의 상태관리
GDG Devfest Songdo 2024에서 진행한 선언형 UI에서의 상태관리의 Speaker Deck입니다.
HyunWoo Lee
December 21, 2024
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Transcript
Incheon ࢶഋ UIীࢲ ࢚కҙܻ - Circuitҗ Rinਸ बਵ۽ അ Android/React
Native Developer, Viva Republica(Toss) Organizer, Kotlin User Groups Seoul/GDG Incheon
࢚కҙܻ ѐ֛җ ࢎ ݾର ҙܻೡ “࢚క” ঌইࠁӝ ࢚క ઑӘ
؊ ੜ ҙܻ ೧ࠁӝ
Speakerdeck Youtube ࢶഋ UI ೨बѐ֛
࢚కҙܻ ѐ֛җ ࢎ
Before Compose class SampleActivity: AppCompatActivity() { private var name =
"" override fun onCreate(bundle: SavedInstanceState?) { super.onCreate(bundle) // ࢲߡాन APIService.getMyName().enqueue(object: Callback { override fun onResponse(ޤदӽ) { name = response.body().name updateUi() // binding.tv.text = name } }) } }
Before Compose • ѐߊо ߸ࣻܳ ߸҃ೞҊ UI ࢚కܳ ߸҃ೞب۾
٘ܳ ࢿ೧ঠೣ • ߸ࣻо ചݶ ߸҃ਸ दఃחؘ ਃبо ڄয • ചݶਸ ߸҃ೞח Ѫ ߸ࣻ ч ইצ ѐߊ
Before Compose - DataBinding class SampleActivity: AppCompatActivity() { private val
viewModel by viewModels() private lateinit var binding: ActivitySampleBinding override fun onCreate(bundle: SavedInstanceState?) { super.onCreate(bundle) binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.ui) binding.viewModel = viewModel } } <layout> <data> <variable name=“vm” type=“com.sample.ViewModel” /> </data> <TextView <!— ࢤۚ —> android:text=“@{vm.user.nam e}” /> </layout>
Data Binding ߸ࣻܳ ߸҃݅ ೧ب ചݶ ࢚కо ߸҃ؽ ߸ࣻо ചݶ
“࢚క”о غب۾ ࢸ҅ ߑೱ ߸҃ , ചݶ ࢚క ߸҃ о ѐߊীࢲ दझమਵ۽ بؽ بੋ ࠽٘ఋ ࢚थҗ ೧ةೞӝ য۰ ী۞ झఖ ۨझ Data Binding -> View Bindingਵ۽ ֈযоח ୶ࣁ Ӓۢীب ࠛҳೞҊ ѐߊо ചݶ ߸ࣻо “࢚క”۽ ੋधೞѱ ػ ࣁ
Compose بੑ റ @Composable fun SampleText() { var text by
remember { mutableStateOf("") } LaunchedEffect(Unit) { text = APIService.getName().await() } TextField(value = text, onValueChange = { text = it }) }
Compose ߸ࣻܳ ߸҃݅ ೧ب ചݶ ࢚కо ߸҃ؽ ୶оੋ ࠽٘ కझ
হ ߸ࣻо ചݶ ࢚కо ؽ
Compose ߸ࣻо ചݶ ࢚క Android Developers - Ui State
࢚క ખ ؊ ࣁ ঌইࠁӝ
࢚కо ޤਃ? UIܳ അೞח ݽٚ ؘఠ
࢚కҙܻо ޤਃ? UIܳ അೞח ݽٚ ؘఠ ܳ ҙܻೞח ߑߨۿ
ࢤпࠁ ҙܻ೧ঠೡ ࢚క ઙܨח নೞ ഥਗоੑ ੑ۱ Form • ܴ/ݫੌ
ࣗ/࠺ߣഐ ١ ੑ۱ UI • ݫੌࣗ ࠂ ৈࠗ • ࠺ߣഐ Ѩૐ • ࠺ߣഐ ഛੋҗ ࠺ߣഐ ੌ ৈࠗ • ডҙ ز
ࢤпࠁ ҙܻ೧ঠೡ ࢚క ઙܨח নೞ
࢚కҙܻ Key Point ؘఠܳ য٣ী, যڌѱ ਤदఃחо?
࢚క৬ ࢚క
࢚క৬ ࢚క ࢚కо ־ҳীѱ ҕਬغҊ חо ೞա ஹನք && ध
ஹನքٜীѱ ҕਬ - ࢚క ஹನքٜ ࢎਊೡ ࣻ ѱ ҕਬ - ࢚క
࢚క(Global State) @Composable fun TodoTheme( darkTheme: Boolean = false,
content: @Composable () -> Unit ) { val colors = todoColors() val typography = TodoTypography() ProvideTodoColorAndTypography(colors, typography){ MaterialTheme(content = content) } }
উ٘۽٘ীࢲ ࢚కҙܻ
উ٘۽٘ীࢲ ࢚కҙܻ
Configuration Change CompositionLocal۽ ׳غח ч ী غפө Config Change۽ ч
ࠛউ೧ݶ ஹನքী ೱ -> জ উࢿ ೞ ۽ࣁझ ࢤݺӝী উਵ۽ ؘఠ द ਊ ޙઁ rememberSavableਸ ഝਊೞݶ 1MB ղ۽ ؘఠܳ ೧ঠೞחؘ ਗೞח ݅ఀ ؘఠܳ ਸ ೞо ࢚ ޅೠ Exception ఠ ࣻ উ٘۽٘ীࢲ ࢚కҙܻ
࢚కҙܻ Android OS: ॄب જؘ, ॄۄ
࢚క ੜ ҙܻೞӝ
ࠗ࠙ ࢚కҙܻ ViewModel ❤
݈ ViewModelী ֍חѱ ୭ࢶ? Configuration Changeী ٮۄࢲ ч ߸҃೧ঠೡ ࣻ
ѓ۟द Fold৬ э ҃ ਵݶ Phone UI, ಟݶ Tablet UI ࠁৈঠೞח ா झ ߊࢤ, ۠ ؘఠܳ Config Change উѱ فݶ য়۰ ী۞ ߊࢤ ܲ ஹನքٜী ࠛਃೠ ࠁܳ ֈѹ п ёח ೞѱ ҙ҅ػ ܲ ёٜী ೧ࢲ ઁೠػ ध݅ਸ оઉঠ ೠ. (Law of Demeter)
None
StateHolder Class @Stable class NiaAppState( val navController: NavHostController, coroutineScope: CoroutineScope,
networkMonitor: NetworkMonitor, userNewsResourceRepository: UserNewsResourceRepository, timeZoneMonitor: TimeZoneMonitor, ) { private val previousDestination = mutableStateOf<NavDestination?>(null) ……
StateHolder Class @Composable fun rememberNiaAppState( … ): NiaAppState { return
remember { NiaAppState( navController = navController, coroutineScope = coroutineScope, networkMonitor = networkMonitor, userNewsResourceRepository = userNewsResourceRepository, timeZoneMonitor = timeZoneMonitor, )
State Holder https://developer.android.com/topic/architecture/ui-layer/ stateholders
Circuit ନݡೞӝ
Circuit? Circuit is a simple, lightweight, and extensible framework for
building Kotlin applications that’s Compose from the ground up.
Circuit? Circuit рױೞҊ о߶ݴ ഛ оמೠ ۨਕ۽, A-Zө Compose݅ਸ ഝਊೞৈ
Kotlin গܻா࣌ਸ ҳ୷ೡ ࣻ णפ.
Circuit? ࢚కҙܻ ߑध݅ਸ ۽ ঠӝ ೞӝ ٸޙী ജ҃ࢸ ١ ҳഅী
ਃೠ ࣁࠗࢎ೦ٜ ઁ৻ೞणפ
Circuit?
Circuit?
Circuit рױೠ ҳઑب
Screen data class CounterScreen(val initialCount: Int): Screen data class DetailScreen(val
id: Long): Screen data class FavoriteScreen: Screen
CircuitUiState, CircuitUiEvent sealed inte rf ace State : CircuitUiState {
data object Loading : State data object NoFavorites : State data class Results( val list: List<Favorite>, val eventSink: (Event) -> Unit ) : State } sealed inte rf ace Event : CircuitUiEvent { data class ClickFavorite(id: Long): Event }
@Composable fun CounterPresenter(): CounterState { var count by rememberSaveable {
mutableStateOf(0) } return CounterState(count) { event -> when (event) { CounterEvent.Increment -> count++ CounterEvent.Decrement -> count-- } } } Presenter
@Composable fun CounterPresenter(): CounterState { var count by rememberRetained {
mutableStateOf(0) } return CounterState(count) { event -> when (event) { CounterEvent.Increment -> count++ CounterEvent.Decrement -> count-- } } } Presenter
rememberRetained
// CircuitUiState ఋੑ expo rt inte rf ace CounterState {
value: number } // CircuitUiState ୡӝ ё const initialState: CounterState = { value: 0, } Redux Toolkitҗ Presenter
// Circuit presenter expo rt const counterSlice = createSlice({ name:
'counter', // Updateغח state initialState, reducers: { // event ࠗ࠙ increment: (state) => { state.value += 1 }, decrement: (state) => { state.value -= 1 } } ) Redux Toolkitҗ Presenter
@CircuitInject(FavoriteScreen::class, ActivityRetainedComponent::class) @Composable fun FavoritesList(state: FavoritesScreen.State) { when (state) {
Loading -> Text(text = stringResource(R.string.loading_favorites)) NoFavorites -> Text( modi fi er = Modi fi er.testTag("no favorites"), text = stringResource(R.string.no_favorites) ) is Results -> { LazyColumn { items(state.list) { Favorite(it, state.eventSink) } } } } } Screen
Circuitী ೠ рۚೠ ࣗх • ഋ জҗ э ҃, ఋੑ/ҳഅী
ೠ ӏઁٜ ࢤೞח ٘ ాੌࢿҗ оةࢿਸ ֫ৈ ࣻ • Unit Testب рױೞѱ ࢿೡ ࣻ • Compose runtimeਸ ഝਊ೧ࢲ ߈ഋ ࢚కܳ ઁೡ ࣻ ח Ѫী
Circuitী ೠ рۚೠ ࣗх • Ѧ ਊೡ ࣻ ח ഥࢎо
ݻա ਸө? • নೠ بҳٜ(Flow, Rx, Legacy View ١)җ interopਸ ೡ ࣻ ݅, ܳ interopೞӝ ਤ೧ ٘ח ݆ࣻ ҕٜࣻਸ ࢤп೧ঠؽ • ъઁ۽ ҳഅ/ࢎਊ೧ঠೞח Ѫٜ(Presenter, Navigator ١) ݆ই पઁ۽ ۽؋࣌ী ਊؼ݅ೠח ޙ
@Composable fun ScreenA() { var isB by rememberRetained { mutableStateOf(true)
} rememberRetained{ "A" } if(isB) { rememberRetained{ "B" } } else { rememberRetained{ "C" } } } takahirom/Rin
উ٘۽٘ীࢲ ࢚కҙܻ ࢚క৬ ࢚క ࢚కܳ ࠁ ؊ ੜ ҙܻೠ ߑߨ
Summary
Thank you Incheon HyunWoo Lee Android(React Native) Developer, Viva Republica(Toss)