Azure Infrastructure as C# and F#

Azure cloud platform offers amazing capabilities for application developers. Cloud apps utilize multiple services and consist of many components, so they are hard to manage without employing Infrastructure as Code.

Traditional tools like ARM templates and Terraform use text-based formats, which tend to be tedious, repetitive, and cumbersome to reuse.

What if instead of configuration files you could use your favourite programming languages like C# or F#? See how you can bring your developer tools like code completion, types, components, and abstractions to cloud infrastructure definition.

Transcript

1. Azure Infrastructure as C# and F# Mikhail Shilkov
2. DevOps in the cloud age Developer Cloud Infrastructure User IT
3. • Pulumi: Modern Infrastructure as Code • Open source and free • Use .NET languages to manage cloud resources • Desired state configuration • Tools that you love • Reusable abstractions • Automated testing • Multi-cloud Agenda
4. About me • Software engineer at Pulumi .NET SDK, Azure, Core platform • Serverless • Functional programming, F# • Microsoft Azure MVP @MikhailShilkov mikhail@pulumi.com https://mikhail.io
5. .NET for Cloud Resources Provision infrastructure anywhere using C#, F#, or VB.NET
6. General-purpose Programming Languages
7. Providers • Azure • AWS • GCP • Digital Ocean • Cloudflare … and more • Docker • Kubernetes • OpenStack • PostgreSQL • New Relic
8. Static Website on Azure Demo
9. Desired State Configuration Maintainable infrastructure 10
10. Unified Management API Management API (Azure Resource Manager) Cloud Service Cloud Service Cloud Service Web Portal CLI SDK 3rd Party
11. REST calls PUT https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/ {resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/mystorageac count?api-version=2016-01-01 { "location": "westus", "properties": { } "sku": { "name": "Standard_LRS" }, "kind": "Storage" }
12. var storageAccount = az.StorageAccounts.Define(storageAccountName) .WithRegion(Region.US_EAST) .WithNewResourceGroup(resourceGroupName) .Create(); SDKs to call those REST endpoints
13. az storage account create \ --location westus \ --name samplesa \ --resource-group myrg \ --sku LRS Command-line Tools
14. SDK and Scripting: Challenges 14 Imperative Step-by-step provisioning process Complex Depend on both the current and the target state Error-prone How to handle failures?
15. Desired State Configuration Target Current Tool
16. Managing Resource Graphs Target Current Tool
17. Markup-based Languages 17 AWS CloudFormation YAML Azure RM Templates JSON Terraform HCL "resources": [ { "apiVersion": "2016-01-01", "type": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts", "name": "mystorageaccount", "location": "westus", "sku": { "name": "Standard_LRS" }, "kind": "Storage", "properties": { } } ] Resources: S3BucketForURLs: Type: "AWS::S3::Bucket" DeletionPolicy: Delete Properties: BucketName: !If [ "CreateNewBucket", !Ref WebsiteConfiguration: IndexDocument: "index.html" LifecycleConfiguration: Rules: - Id: DisposeShortUrls ExpirationInDays: !Ref URLExpiration Prefix: "u" Status: Enabled resource "azurerm_storage_account" "sa" { name = "mysa" location = azurerm_resource_group .rg.location resource_group_name = azurerm_resource_group .rg.name account_tier = "Standard" account_replication_type = "LRS" } Every tool has its own language, own tools, own conventions
18. Markup Authoring Experience 18 Tooling Lack of tooling on day 1. No fast feedback from editors. Discovery Which properties can be set, and which values are valid? Size Thousands of lines of markup are hard to write, read, and maintain
19. Example App: Serverless URL Shortener KV Store Table “URLs” Function “Add URL” Function “Open URL” Tool Lines of code Function Code ~20 CloudFormation ~240 ARM Templates ~160 Terraform ~220 Estimates based on public examples
20. var resourceGroup = new ResourceGroup("rg"); var storageAccount = new Account("storage", new AccountArgs { ResourceGroupName = resourceGroup.Name, AccountReplicationType = "LRS", AccountTier = "Standard" }); C# Example
21. Desired State! var resourceGroup = new ResourceGroup("rg"); var storageAccount = new Account("storage", new AccountArgs { ResourceGroupName = resourceGroup.Name, AccountReplicationType = "LRS", AccountTier = "Standard" });
22. How Pulumi Works CLI & engine Last deployed state Program.cs Language host AWS Azure GCP Kubernetes new Resource() CRUD
23. Tools That You Love Developers can apply their existing skills to infrastructure
24. Pulumi ❤ .NET • .NET Core 3.1 • OS: Windows, macOS, Linux • Language: C#, F#, VB.NET • Editor and IDE: Visual Studio, Code, Rider • IntelliSense, ReSharper, StyleCop, DocFX • Package Manager: NuGet, MyGet, Paket • NUnit, xUnit.net, Moq
25. var storageAccount = new Account("sa", new AccountArgs { ResourceGroupName = resourceGroup.Name, AccountReplicationType = "LRS", AccountTier = "Standard" }); var appServicePlan = new Plan("asp", new PlanArgs { ResourceGroupName = resourceGroup.Name, Kind = "App", Sku = new PlanSkuArgs { Tier = "Basic", Size = "B1” } }); Cloud Resources with C#
26. let storageAccount = Account("sa", AccountArgs (ResourceGroupName = io resourceGroup.Name, AccountReplicationType = input "LRS", AccountTier = input "Standard")) let sku = PlanSkuArgs(Tier = input "Basic", Size = input "B1") let appServicePlan = Plan("asp", PlanArgs (ResourceGroupName = io resourceGroup.Name, Kind = input "App", Sku = input sku)) Cloud Resources with F#
27. ' Create an Azure Resource Group Dim resourceGroup = New ResourceGroup("resourceGroup") ' Create an Azure Storage Account Dim storageAccount = New Account("storage", New AccountArgs With { .ResourceGroupName = resourceGroup.Name, .AccountReplicationType = "LRS", .AccountTier = "Standard" }) Cloud Resources with VB.NET
28. Reusable Abstractions Infrastructure Components
29. Resources to Provision an Azure Function Blob App Plan Container Storage Account Function App
30. // A resource group to contain our Azure Functions var resourceGroup = new ResourceGroup("functions-rg"); // A .NET Azure Function var dotnet = new ArchiveFunctionApp("http", new ArchiveFunctionAppArgs { ResourceGroup = resourceGroup, Archive = new FileArchive("./dotnet/bin/Debug/netcoreapp3.1/publish") }); .NET Azure Function
31. Let’s run pulumi up … Type Name Plan + pulumi:pulumi:Stack functions-dev create + ├─ azure:appservice:ArchiveFunctionApp http create + │ ├─ azure:storage:Account http create + │ ├─ azure:appservice:Plan http create + │ ├─ azure:storage:Container http create + │ ├─ azure:storage:ZipBlob http create + │ └─ azure:appservice:FunctionApp http create + └─ azure:core:ResourceGroup rg create
32. Serverless: Azure Functions Demo
33. Building a Cosmos App Create custom abstractions
34. Cosmos App (1)
35. Cosmos App (2)
36. Cosmos App (3)
37. Cosmos App (4)
38. var app = new CosmosApp("functions", new CosmosAppArgs { ResourceGroup = resourceGroup, Locations = ["WestUS", "EastUS", "WestEurope"], Factory = global => region => { var func = new ArchiveFunctionApp("app", new ArchiveFunctionAppArgs { ResourceGroupName = resourceGroup.Name, Location = region.Location, Archive = new FileArchive("./app/bin/Debug/netcoreapp2.2/publish"), AppSettings = { { "CosmosDBConnection", global.ConnectionString } } }); return new AzureEndpoint(func.AppId); } }); Global Applications
39. var app = new CosmosApp("functions", new CosmosAppArgs { ResourceGroup = resourceGroup, Locations = ["WestUS", "EastUS", "WestEurope"], Factory = global => region => { var func = new ArchiveFunctionApp("app", new ArchiveFunctionAppArgs { ResourceGroupName = resourceGroup.Name, Location = region.Location, Archive = new FileArchive("./app/bin/Debug/netcoreapp2.2/publish"), AppSettings = { { "CosmosDBConnection", global.ConnectionString } } }); return new AzureEndpoint(func.AppId); } }); Global Applications
40. Automated Testing Unit testing and policies
41. [Fact] public async Task InstancesMustNotHaveSshPortOpenToInternet() { var resources = await Deployment.TestAsync<MyStack>(); var resource = resources.OfType<SecurityGroup>().Single(); var ingress = await resource.GetAsync(sg => sg.Ingress); foreach (var rule in ingress) foreach (var cidrBlock in rule.CidrBlocks) { Assert.False(rule.FromPort == 22 && cidrBlock == "0.0.0.0/0", "Illegal SSH port 22 open to the Internet (CIDR 0.0.0.0/0)"); } } Unit Testing
42. [Fact] public async Task InstancesMustNotHaveSshPortOpenToInternet() { var resources = await Deployment.TestAsync<MyStack>(); var resource = resources.OfType<SecurityGroup>().Single(); var ingress = await resource.GetAsync(sg => sg.Ingress); foreach (var rule in ingress) foreach (var cidrBlock in rule.CidrBlocks) { Assert.False(rule.FromPort == 22 && cidrBlock == "0.0.0.0/0", "Illegal SSH port 22 open to the Internet (CIDR 0.0.0.0/0)"); } } Unit Testing
43. [Fact] public async Task InstancesMustNotHaveSshPortOpenToInternet() { var resources = await Deployment.TestAsync<MyStack>(); var resource = resources.OfType<SecurityGroup>().Single(); var ingress = await resource.GetAsync(sg => sg.Ingress); foreach (var rule in ingress) foreach (var cidrBlock in rule.CidrBlocks) { Assert.False(rule.FromPort == 22 && cidrBlock == "0.0.0.0/0", "Illegal SSH port 22 open to the Internet (CIDR 0.0.0.0/0)"); } } Unit Testing
44. Policy as Code (.NET coming later) const policies = new PolicyPack("network-policies", { policies: [ { name: "prohibited-public-internet", description: "Ingress rules with public internet access are prohibited.", enforcementLevel: "mandatory", validateResource: validateTypedResource(SecurityGroup, (sg, args, report) => { const publicInternetRules = (sg.ingress || []).find(ingressRule => (ingressRule.cidrBlocks || []).find(cidr => cidr === "0.0.0.0/0")); if (publicInternetRules) { report("Ingress rules with public internet access are prohibited."); } }), }, ], });
45. Kubernetes Deploy to multiple clouds
46. Cloud Transition Kubernetes Azure Functions Azure Storage Azure Analytics Azure ML MySQL DataDog App Docker DataDog New Relic App MySQL EARLY CLOUD Mostly Static N-Tier Apps VMs Private Cloud CURRENT CLOUD Partly Dynamic Less Monolithic VMs and Containers* Hybrid - Public/Private *Experimentation FUTURE CLOUD Fully Dynamic Hyper-Connected Services Containers and Serverless Mostly Public Cloud
47. Infrastructure Landscape Foundation Security IAM KMS Networking VPC Subnets Firewalls Load Balancing DNS Compute VMs Containers Clusters Registries APM Monitoring Logging AlerKng Serverless Functions API Gateways Data Object Stores Databases SQL NoSQL MQ Queues Pub/Sub Applications Images Container Images Code Packaging CI/CD
48. Kubernetes layers Managed Kubernetes cluster Infrastructure Resources (networking, storage, identity) Managed Service Managed Service Application Application Application
49. Stack References Org: acme-corp vpc Stack: dev env: dev region: us-east-1 k8s-cluster Stack: dev env: dev region: us-east-1 svc-userprofile Stack: dev env: dev region: us-east-1 svc-email Stack: dev env: dev region: us-east-1
50. Kubernetes & Multi-stack Solutions Demo
51. Don’t miss the next session
52. Conclusions 55
53. PROVISIONING Developer-friendly Familiar language experience, toolchain, packages – applied to cloud infrastructure. Developers and operators working in a team. Cloud Engineering Transformed TESTING Confidence and quality Unit testing and TDD with battle-tested tools to ensure correctness. Policy as Code for compliance, cost control, and company-wide best practices. ARCHITECTURE Logic and abstractions Conditionals, loops, functions, classes, and packages out of the box. Reusable components that encapsulate complex logic and provider the right level of abstraction. Modern Infrastructure as Code Capabilities to ship faster and with confidence
54. Useful Links https://bit.ly/pulumilinks