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Introduction to Unit Testing

Jaime
July 23, 2012

Introduction to Unit Testing

Basic introduction to unit testing.

Jaime

July 23, 2012
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  1. Table Of Contents • Putting Things in Context • What

    is Unit Testing? • Why should I care? • How does it work? • Unit Tests in Action • Extra Goodies
  2. Unit Testing in Software • Functional Tests – Unit Tests

    – Integration Tests – System Tests – System Integration Tests • Non Functional Tests – Security, Performance, Usability…
  3. Automated and Repeatable • Run With One Click* • Deterministic

    • Once Written Remain For Future Use • Anyone Can Run Them • Easy to Implement and Run • Run Quickly * It can be fully automated
  4. Unit Tests. Summary • Test Units of Code in Isolation

    • Automated and Repeatable • Easy to Implement and Run • Run Quickly • Trustworthy, Readable and Maintainable
  5. Unit tests provide a safety-net and a sense of security

    it’s more fun to code with them than without low-level regression test suite refactor mercilessly improve design without breaking it
  6. Unit tests provide high granularity bug detection reduces the cost

    of bugs pinpoint a bug to the method-level
  7. Unit tests provide a living documentation it is always up-to-date

    it compiles! makes knowledge sharing easier
  8. Unit tests are one of the basic foundation components that

    enables continuous integration and continuous delivery
  9. Why Should I Care Wrap-Up • Prove That Your Code

    Works • Ultra-Fast Feedback • Safety Net & Sense of Security • Super High Granularity • Living Documentation (always up-to-date) • Impose Good Design Principles • Written by one, everyone benefits • Basic block for CI and CD
  10. Different Frameworks • Visual Studio Testing Framework (not MSTest) •

    NUnit • MbUnit • ... http://bit.ly/list-of-dotnet-unit-testing-frameworks use one and you pretty much can use all
  11. The Unit Testing API • Way to mark code as

    test-code • Organize tests • Assertion library
  12. Mark Code As Tests and Organizing Tests • Use of

    C# Attributes • [TestClass] and [TestMethod] • [TestCategory(“awesome-tests”)] • [Ignore]
  13. Assertion Library • Let’s you assert correctness • Provides a

    lot of built-in assertions • Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting http://bit.ly/using-the-assert-classes
  14. Basic Assertions • Static class Assert Assert.AreEqual<T>(T expected, T actual)

    Assert.AreNotEqual<T>(T noExpected, T actual) Assert.AreSame<T>(T expected, T actual) Assert.IsTrue(bool condition) Assert.IsFalse(bool condition) Assert.IsNull(object value) Assert.IsInstanceOfType(object value, Type expectedType)
  15. Assertions Also Available For • Collections AssertCollection • Strings AssertString

    CollectionAssert.AllItemsAreInstancesOfType(ICollection collection, Type type) CollectionAssert.AllItemsAreNotNull(ICollection collection) StringAssert.Contains(string value, string substring) StringAssert.StartsWith(string value, string substring)
  16. Using Visual Studio Testing Framework. Summary 1. Created a Test

    project 2. Created a Test class 3. Created a method to test Calculator.Add() 1. Used AAA (Arrange, Act, Assert) pattern 4. Created a method to test Calculator.Substract() 5. Used [TestInitialize] and [TestCleanup] to make our test suite more maintanable 6. Illustrated what happens when a bug is introduced
  17. Use Fake Objects to Isolate Class Under Text ensure that

    class under test is in complete isolation
  18. Mocking Framework • Makes it easy to create Fake Objects

    • Lots of Mocking Frameworks: – Moq – RhinoMocks – EasyMock.NET – Nmock – … http://bit.ly/what-csharp-mocking-framework-to-use
  19. How To Create Fake Objects With Moq Bang! and you

    have a fake object that implements the IScreen interface! var fakeScreen = new Mock<IScreen>();
  20. Using Moq. Summary 1. Install Moq using NuGet 2. Created

    two fake objects using Moq 3. Used fake objects to isolate the Calculator class
  21. General Heuristics • No logic in tests • Make sure

    the tests test only one thing • Separate unit tests from integration tests • Check test coverage by playing with values • Avoid code duplication
  22. General Heuristics II • Don’t abuse TestInitialize and TestCleanup •

    Make sure tests are isolated and repeatable • Most test should have one only assert • Only one mock per test • Use good naming conventions
  23. Disadvantages Of Unit Testing • None really, if well done

    – Write more Code – Maintain more code • If not well done, they have no value
  24. Test Driven Development • Write test before production code •

    Test drives design • Test-Implement-Refactor cycle – Red/Green/Refactor
  25. Test Driven Development Benefits • You are the first user

    of your code • Only write the code you need to pass a test • Implement testable code • High test coverage • Increases productivity (red-green-refactor) • Increases quality (refactor)
  26. Awesome Tooling • NCrunch and Mighty Moose • Tests run

    always This test passed visual code coverage Code hasn’t been run yet status
  27. References • The Art Of Unit Testing http://amzn.to/the-art-of-unit-testing • Coding

    Horror http://bit.ly/i-pity-the-fool-who-doesnt-write-unit-tests