Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
MediaTek Fuzzing Workshop
Search
yuawn
November 26, 2021
Education
2
1.3k
MediaTek Fuzzing Workshop
MediaTek Fuzzing Workshop in HITCON 2021
yuawn
November 26, 2021
Tweet
Share
More Decks by yuawn
See All by yuawn
Kernel Exploitation
yuawn
4
3.4k
Heap Exploitation
yuawn
2
1.5k
Binary Exploitation
yuawn
2
1.7k
Binary Exploitation - Basic
yuawn
2
3.3k
HITCON Badge 2019 - MCU ARM TrustZone Challenge
yuawn
2
410
Other Decks in Education
See All in Education
生成AIとの上手な付き合い方【公開版】/ How to Get Along Well with Generative AI (Public Version)
handlename
0
430
Are puppies a ranking factor?
jonoalderson
0
650
Sponsor the Conference | VizChitra 2025
vizchitra
0
360
横浜翠嵐高校 職業講話 / Talk for YOKOHAMA SUIRAN 2024
mura_mi
0
200
アウトプット0のエンジニアが半年でアウトプットしまくった話 With JAWS-UG
masakiokuda
2
280
今も熱いもの!魂を揺さぶる戦士の儀式:マオリ族のハカ
shubox
0
200
OpenAI Education Forum 資料「教育と生成AI ~事例から見えるこれからの活用~」
luiyoshida
2
750
ThingLink
matleenalaakso
28
4.1k
AIの時代こそ、考える知的学習術
yum3
2
150
SkimaTalk Tutorial for Corporate Customers
skimatalk
0
270
Human-AI Interaction - Lecture 11 - Next Generation User Interfaces (4018166FNR)
signer
PRO
0
430
SkimaTalk Teacher Guidelines
skimatalk
0
770k
Featured
See All Featured
Understanding Cognitive Biases in Performance Measurement
bluesmoon
29
1.7k
The Psychology of Web Performance [Beyond Tellerrand 2023]
tammyeverts
47
2.8k
Practical Orchestrator
shlominoach
188
11k
Fontdeck: Realign not Redesign
paulrobertlloyd
84
5.5k
Stop Working from a Prison Cell
hatefulcrawdad
269
20k
Chrome DevTools: State of the Union 2024 - Debugging React & Beyond
addyosmani
6
670
A designer walks into a library…
pauljervisheath
205
24k
A Tale of Four Properties
chriscoyier
159
23k
Producing Creativity
orderedlist
PRO
346
40k
The Power of CSS Pseudo Elements
geoffreycrofte
76
5.8k
Writing Fast Ruby
sferik
628
61k
GraphQLとの向き合い方2022年版
quramy
46
14k
Transcript
Building a Secure World Fuzzing 101 yuawn
Outline • Product Security • Fuzz testing • Fuzzing Lab
• AFL++ • Binary instrumentation - LLVM Pass
Product Security
Product Security - smart phone • Privacy • Photo, video,
voice, SMS, notes, documents … • Credential • private keys, MFA, fi ngerprint, facial ID … • Wallet • credit cards, bank service, electronic payment …
Product Security • 5G, IoT, intelligent vehicles, e-health, metaverse (VR,
AR) • ⾞⽤晶片、航空、醫療儀器、穿戴裝置 • Cybersecurity risk
Product Security • 國安 • ⼈類安全的未來
產品安全 是世界安全的第⼀線
Fuzz Testing
Fuzz Testing • Fuzzing • Automated software testing technique •
bug fi nding • Fuzzer • Repeatedly provides randomly generated inputs to the program and checks the execution result.
Fuzz Testing run with program execution result crash Found bugs!
crash PoC inputs
Fuzz Testing • Black-box • binary only • Grey-box •
utilize some program information to guide fuzzing • White-box • get a full picture of program • e.g., symbolic execution
Fuzz Testing • Black-box • binary only • Grey-box •
utilize some program information to guide fuzzing • White-box • get a full picture of program • e.g., symbolic execution
Coverage-Guided Fuzzing
Coverage-Guided Fuzzing • coverage metric • compute from program information
• utilize coverage information to guide fuzzer increasing coverage percentage
Coverage-Guided Fuzzing seed pool select a seed mutation mutated seed
run with instrumented binary execution result crash Found bugs! crash PoC exit normally new coverage? Yes save to seed pool No
Coverage-Guided Fuzzing seed pool select a seed mutation mutated seed
run with instrumented binary execution result crash Found bugs! crash PoC exit normally new coverage? Yes save to seed pool No
Coverage-Guided Fuzzing seed pool select a seed mutation mutated seed
run with instrumented binary execution result crash Found bugs! crash PoC exit normally new coverage? Yes save to seed pool No
Coverage-Guided Fuzzing • Coverage metric • code coverage • Capture
program information • binary instrumentation • emulator • qemu, angr, qiling
Binary Instrumentation
Binary Instrumentation • Insert additional code into binary • Insert
assembly • vanilla AFL • LLVM Pass - LLVM IR • AFL++ • LTO (Link Time Optimization)
Code Coverage
Code Coverage • coverage of code region • basic block
• edge • Insert additional code at entries of code regions • code coverage -> bug coverage
Code Coverage basic block 1 basic block 2 basic block
3
Code Coverage basic block 1 basic block 2 basic block
3 instrumentation instrumentation instrumentation
Code Coverage basic block 1 basic block 2 basic block
3 instrumentation instrumentation instrumentation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bitmap
Code Coverage basic block 1 basic block 2 basic block
3 instrumentation instrumentation instrumentation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bitmap
Code Coverage basic block 1 basic block 2 basic block
3 instrumentation instrumentation instrumentation 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 bitmap
Coverage-Guided Fuzzing seed pool select a seed mutation mutated seed
run with instrumented binary execution result crash Found bugs! crash PoC exit normally new coverage? Yes save to seed pool No
Sanitizer
Sanitizer • bug detection • binary instrumentation • overhead •
false-negative bugs
Sanitizer • AddressSanitizers (ASAN) • https://github.com/google/sanitizers • https://www.usenix.org/system/ fi les/conference/atc12/atc12-
fi nal39.pdf • Unde fi ned Behavior Sanitizer (UBSAN) • MemorySanitizer (MSAN) • Leak-checker Sanitizer (LSAN)
Sanitizer - ASAN • heap, stack, global-bu ff er over
fl ow • UAF - use after free • shadow memory • red zone buffer red zone red zone buffer
Coverage-Guided Fuzzers
AFL • american fuzzy lop • https://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/a fl / •
https://github.com/google/AFL
AFL++ • https://github.com/AFLplusplus/AFLplusplus • AFL++ is a superior fork to
Google's AFL - more speed, more and better mutations, more and better instrumentation, custom module support, etc. • cmplog: REDQUEEN • power schedule: AFLFast
AFL++
libfuzzer • LLVM • clang • https://llvm.org/docs/LibFuzzer.html • in-process fuzzing
• fuzzing harness
syzkaller • kernel fuzzer • https://github.com/google/syzkaller
Fuzzing Research
Fuzzing • seed scheduling • AFLFast: Coverage-based Greybox Fuzzing as
Markov Chain (CCS 2016) • MOPT: Optimize Mutation Scheduling for Fuzzers (USENIX 2019) • seed selection • seed corpus optimization • corpus minimization: OptiMin (ISSTA 2021) • initial seed selection • Seed Selection for Successful Fuzzing (ISSTA 2021)
Fuzzing - mutation • FairFuzz: A Targeted Mutation Strategy for
Increasing Greybox Fuzz Testing Coverage (ASE 2018) • REDQUEEN: Fuzzing with Input-to-State Correspondence (NDSS2019) • GREYONE Data Flow Sensitive Fuzzing (USENIX 2020)
Fuzzing - Directed Grey-box Fuzzing • AFLGo: Directed Greybox Fuzzing
(CCS 2017) • Hawkeye: Towards a Desired Directed Grey-box Fuzzer (CCS 2018) • SAVIOR: Towards Bug-Driven Hybrid Testing (S&P 2020) • ParmeSan: Sanitizer-guided Greybox Fuzzing (USENIX 2020) • Constraint-guided Directed Greybox Fuzzing (USENIX 2021)
Fuzzing - research topic • data fl aw analysis (DFA)
• taint analysis • binary instrumentation • binary only • dynamic instrumentation • parallel fuzzing • ensemble fuzzing • EnFuzz: Ensemble Fuzzing with Seed Synchronization among Diverse Fuzzers (USENIX 2019)
Fuzzing - research topic • symbolic execution • KLEESPECTRE: Detecting
Information Leakage through Speculative Cache Attacks via Symbolic Execution • concolic execution • hybrid fuzzing • PANGOLIN: Incremental Hybrid Fuzzing with Polyhedral Path Abstraction (S&P 2020)
Fuzz Something!
Fuzzing lab • https://github.com/yuawn/Mediatek-Fuzzing-Workshop
AFL++ • a fl -fuzz -i input -o output --
./binary • a fl -fuzz -i input -o output -- ./binary -a -b • a fl -fuzz -i input -o output -- ./binary -f @@
AFL++ - dictionary • a fl -fuzz -i input -o
output -x xml.dict -- ./binary
AFL++ - parallel fuzzing • a fl -fuzz -M main
-i input -o sync_dir -- ./binary • a fl -fuzz -S fuzzer2 -i input -o sync_dir -- ./binary • a fl -fuzz -S fuzzer3 -i input -o sync_dir -- ./binary
Summary
Summary • Fuzzing is a novel security testing technique •
Product Security awareness • Building a secure world
Thanks!