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Climate change will create winners and losers i...

Climate change will create winners and losers in the fight against plant disease

Slides for a presentation delivered by Associate Prof. Adam H. Sparks, DPIRD and USQ, and Dr. Paul Melloy, USQ, to CHaBits (Consortium for Heat and Biotic Stresses) organised by Dr Krishna Jagadish, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA on the effects of climate change on plant disease. The video recording can be found on the CHaBits YouTube: https://youtu.be/PO958Vhdiss.

Adam H. Sparks

July 01, 2021
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  1. Current Losses 40% IPPC Secretariat. 2021. Scientific review of the

    impact of climate change on plant pests – A global challenge to prevent and mitigate plant pest risks in agriculture, forestry and ecosystems. Rome. FAO on behalf of the IPPC Secretariat. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4769en
  2. Oomycetes Penn State Department of Plant Pathology & Environmental Microbiology

    Archives, Penn State University, Bugwood.org Charles Averre, North Carolina State University, Bugwood.org
  3. Spores: M. J. Berkeley, Gardeners' Chronicle 1869 via Arneson, P.A.

    2000. Coffee rust. The Plant Health Instructor. DOI: 10.1094/PHI-I-2000-0718-02
  4. Historical Notes Donald Groth, Louisiana State University AgCenter, Bugwood.org Dr

    Parthasarathy Seethapathy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Bugwood.org
  5. Spores: M. J. Berkeley, Gardeners' Chronicle 1869 via Arneson, P.A.

    2000. Coffee rust. The Plant Health Instructor. DOI: 10.1094/PHI-I-2000-0718-02
  6. Winners and Losers Crop Disease CO2 effect References Barley Powdery

    Mildew Increased resistance Hibberd et al. (1996) Wheat Crown rot Powdery Mildew Leaf & stem rust Fusarium head blight Increased susceptibility – genotype dependent Increased susceptibility Lower susceptibility – genotype dependant Melloy et al. (2010), (2014) Bencze et al. (2013) Rice Blast Nematodes (Psilenchus) Increased susceptibility Increased populations Kobayashi et al. (2006) Li et al. (2007) Maize Smut Increase/decrease Pathogen species dependent Manning & Tiedemann (1995) Arabidopsis Powdery mildew Increased susceptibility – Infection duration dependant Lake and Wade, 2009 Stylosanthes Anthracnose Induced resistance Rapid evolution to overcome resistance Chakraborty and Datta (2003) (2004)
  7. Effect of CO2 on crown rot in wheat Glasshouse trials

    Interaction between temperature and CO2 Controlled environment facility Genotype dependant disease response to CO2
  8. CO2 effect not as simple as first imagined Kazan (2018)

    • CO2 effects can be mediated by other environmental effects • Temperature, O3, Nitrogen, soil moisture • CO2 affects phytohormone defence pathways. • CO2 affects mycotoxin biosynthesis.
  9. Duku, C., Sparks, A. H. and Zwart, S. 2016. Spatial

    modelling of rice yield losses in Tanzania due to bacterial leaf blight and leaf blast in a changing climate. Climatic Change 135(3). RICEPEST 2000 2030 2050 0 10 20 30 40 25 50 75 100 125 25 50 75 100 125 25 50 75 100 125 Day of Season Leaf Coverage by Bacterial Leaf Blight Lesions (%) Emission Scenario A1B A2 B1 Base Bacterial Blight in TZA Leaf Blast and Bacterial Blight in Tanzanian Rice
  10. Duku, C., Sparks, A. H. and Zwart, S. 2016. Spatial

    modelling of rice yield losses in Tanzania due to bacterial leaf blight and leaf blast in a changing climate. Climatic Change 135(3). Change in Yield Loss due to Bacterial Blight, Tanzania
  11. Ruling Out Competing Explanations • Pathogen known to have been

    present • Genetic compositions have not shifted • Cultural practices have not changed • Requirements and interactions are well understood • Change has been observed long enough to establish a convincing trend • Need long-term records
  12. Thank you Visit dpird.wa.gov.au Important disclaimer The Chief Executive Officer

    of the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development and the State of Western Australia accept no liability whatsoever by reason of negligence or otherwise arising from the use or release of this information or any part of it. © State of Western Australia 2018