Upgrade to Pro — share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …

Sparks_KSPP_II.pdf

Adam H. Sparks
October 21, 2016
29

 Sparks_KSPP_II.pdf

Botanical epidemiology is the study of how plant pathogens and the diseases that they cause are affected by the environment and plant host. To study these interactions botanical epidemiologists often turn to models to help understand how diseases develop, what the potential risks might be and how they could be or when they should be controlled. Many different modelling approaches can be used, which range from statistical models to biophysical crop growth models with functions for yield losses due to pests and disease. Geographic information systems (GIS) help us to piece together information that have geographic relationships to develop better understanding and promote further inquiries through the use of maps. Using modelling alone or by linking it with GIS we can extend our research to the field.

Spatial modelling of the effects of climate change on rice diseases in Tanzania and mapping common diseases in India for breeders to understand where different stresses occur or co-occur. Using these combined approaches can help us as plant pathologists to understand and communicate what is happening in the rice field and what possible risks may be and make recommendations. These recommendations can range from identifying stress-prone areas for research priorities or targeted deployment of resistant or tolerant varieties to providing farmers with recommendations for pest management giving us insights into what is happening in the rice field.

Adam H. Sparks

October 21, 2016
Tweet

More Decks by Adam H. Sparks

Transcript

  1. CRICOS QLD00244B NSW 02225M TEQSA:PRF12081 Using modelling and mapping for

    digital insights into diseases in the rice field Adam H. Sparks, Associate Professor Centre for Crop Health
  2. –G. E. P. Box “Essentially, all models are wrong, but

    some are useful.” “All models are wrong; some models are useful” “Since all models are wrong the scientist cannot obtain a "correct" one by excessive elaboration.” "Is the model illuminating and useful?"
  3. CRICOS QLD00244B NSW 02225M TEQSA:PRF12081 Tool # 1 - Models

    for rice diseases (No equations were harmed during the making of this presentation)
  4. The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on

    this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IRRI.
  5. CRICOS QLD00244B NSW 02225M TEQSA:PRF12081 An example of the study

    of effects of climate change on diseases Linking EPIRICE and RICEPEST
  6. Duku, C., Sparks, A. H. and Zwart, S. 2016. Spatial

    modelling of rice yield losses in Tanzania due to bacterial leaf blight and leaf blast in a changing climate. Climatic Change 135(3). EPIRICE RICEPEST 2000 2030 2050 0 10 20 30 40 25 50 75 100 125 25 50 75 100 125 25 50 75 100 125 Day of Season Leaf Coverage by Bacterial Leaf Blight Lesions (%) Emission Scenario A1B A2 B1 Base Bacterial Blight in TZA
  7. Change in Yield Losses Due to Bacterial Blight, Tanzania Duku,

    C., Sparks, A. H. and Zwart, S. 2016. Spatial modelling of rice yield losses in Tanzania due to bacterial leaf blight and leaf blast in a changing climate. Climatic Change 135(3).
  8. CRICOS QLD00244B NSW 02225M TEQSA:PRF12081 Tool # 2 - Surveys

    Creating actionable information from in-field data
  9. Smart phones replace pen and paper data collection • Data

    collection forms • GPS for location and time • Camera for documentation and observations • Direct transfer of field data to cloud platform using mobile network • Rapid field information in event of a calamity or outbreak
  10. Field BB BS DH DP FS GS HB LB LF

    LM LS WM F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 Injury variables (31) high low Farmers’ fields (458) Incidence Syngenta/IRRI Scientific Knowledge Exchange Program
  11. Data (relational) Node Edge Network model Graph theory Network analysis

    What a network can identify Highly central nodes Identification of important connectors A clustered region
  12. Correlation analysis of an injury co- occurrence network in dry

    season in Central Plain, Thailand Syngenta/IRRI Scientific Knowledge Exchange Program
  13. Correlation analysis of an injury co- occurrence network in wet

    season in Central Plain, Thailand Syngenta/IRRI Scientific Knowledge Exchange Program
  14. RICE-PRE • A crop health syndrome model, • Inspired by

    EPIPRE by Zadoks (1981), • Based on agroecologies as defined by Nelson et al., and • Based on survey data from 456 lowland rice farmers’ fields in tropical and sub-tropical Asia Philippine Department of Agriculture FSSP
  15. Agroecologies Agroecology code Description 1 - IR Single season, irrigated

    rice, no other crop 2 - IR / other Double season, irrigated rice / irrigated other crop 3 - IR / IR Double season, irrigated rice / irrigated rice OR Triple season, irrigated rice / irrigated rice / irrigated rice 4 - IR / IR / other Triple season, irrigated rice / irrigated rice / irrigated other 5 - RF Single season, rainfed rice, no other crop 6 - RF / RF Double season, rainfed rice / rainfed rice 7 - RF / RF other Double season, rainfed rice / rainfed other 8 - RF Dry/Upland Single season, rainfed rice, not bunded
  16. • Use certified seed • Thorough land preparation and leveling

    • Varieties with good local adaptation (BPH, WH) • 5 cm of standing water up to DVS=80 • IF TR = post emergence herbicide application at DVS=10 and DVS=20 or hand weeding or mechanical weeding • IF DS = pre-emergence herbicide and post emergence herbicide at DVS= 10 • Mineral fertilizer (NPK) application suitable for location, per Rice Crop Manager • Do not spray insecticides Philippines Prescription
  17. RICEPEST and EPIRICE • Mapped relative disease severity • Effects

    of climate change Surveys • PRiSM • Network Analysis • RICE-PRE Two Tools From breeders’ plots to farmers’ fields
  18. CRICOS QLD00244B NSW 02225M TEQSA:PRF12081 Digital Insights From the field

    to the computer and back again Developing new ways of gathering, analysing and sharing data and information
  19. CRICOS QLD00244B NSW 02225M TEQSA:PRF12081 Acknowledgements Bill and Melinda Gates

    Foundation – STRASA Syngenta – Syngenta/IRRI SKEP GIZ – MICCORDEA Philippine Department of Agriculture - PRiSM Sith Jaisong (IRRI, UPLB and Thai Rice Department) Mr Gertrudo Arida (PhilRice) Mr Edwin Martin (PhilRice) Dr. Nancy Castilla (IRRI) Dr. Joselito Villa (IRRI)