Making of GoDoctor: Lessons Learned While Building a Go-Aware MCP Server

Talk presented at FOSDEM 2026 on February 1st at the Go Devroom.

Note: it seems some slides are failing rendering due to the import process (blue slides and diagrams). Sorry for the trouble.

1. The Making of GoDoctor: Lessons learned while building a Go-aware MCP server 01/Feb/2026 • petruzalek@google.com Daniela Petruzalek Developer Relations Engineer Google Cloud
2. 1 Introduction 2 Model Context Protocol 3 Developing GoDoctor 4 Results and Recommendations Contents
3. A little about myself… DevRel at Google UK Originally from Brazil Previously Backend / Data Engineer Currently obsessed with AI Love Games, Anime and Cats =^_^=
4. 4 Introduction
5. We are entering the era of non-deterministic software engineering*
6. Agents (non-deterministic) + Tools (deterministic*) = Profit * Not necessarily all of them
7. 7 Model Context Protocol
8. Model Context Protocol MCP is an open protocol that standardizes how applications provide context to large language models (LLMs). (...) MCP enables you to build agents and complex workflows on top of LLMs and connects your models with the world. modelcontextprotocol.io
9. MCP Server: Building Blocks Tools: model controlled, execute actions Prompts: user controlled, interaction templates Resources: app controlled, contextual data
10. Go SDK for MCP github.com/modelcontextprotocol/go-sdk
11. 11 GoDoctor
12. GoDoctor Objective: add specialist knowledge to coding agents Goals: - Reduce agent hallucinations - Improve code quality - Improve token efficiency - Improve response time github.com/danicat/godoctor
13. The Birth of GoDoctor: Read the Docs! Problem: model hallucinating APIs / SDKs Hypothesis: if the model just read the docs*, this could be avoided (context engineering / grounding) Solution: expose the “go doc” command as a tool “read_docs” * Note: Gemini 3 is much better at doing this out of the box
14. Code Review Problem: code generated is not very idiomatic Hypothesis: if the model could request an “unbiased” review, it would have the opportunity to self-correct Solution: a “code_review” tool that calls a model with fine tuned context
15. What else can we improve?
16. Common problems coding with agents Edit failures (search context) Introduction of “typos” and format errors Dependency hallucination Builds successfully, but breaks the tests Refactor loops, code quality (lint), anti-patterns, …
17. Some early experiments Second generation of tools: scalpel, scribble, gopretty, endoscope. Failed due to: - Required precise manipulation (lines and columns) - Doctor-themed naming is cute, but not useful - Behaviour too similar to a built-in tool - Didn’t do much more than run_shell_command
18. 18 Enters The Experimentation Era
19. Tenkai: Experimentation Framework Building blocks: scenarios, experiment templates, alternatives and configurations Each alternative runs each scenario N times (sample size) The data is assessed for statistical significance with statistical tests like Welch’s T-test, Fisher’s exact test, etc github.com/danicat/tenkai
20. Tenkai: Experiment Structure User Scenario Experiment Template Alternative 1 (Control) Alternative 2 Scenario Runs N times Configuration Blocks Config 1 Config 2 e.g. “create a hello world app” e.g. “use Gemini 3 Flash preview”
21. Tenkai: Architecture Streamable HTTPS Frontend + Server (Cloud Run) Runner (Cloud Run Jobs) Experiment Data (Google Cloud SQL) User Scenarios and Run Data (Cloud Cloud Storage) GoDoctor (Cloud Run)
22. The Experimentation Loop Observe model behaviour for common patterns Develop an hypothesis Create the tool, run an experiment against baseline Analyse tool usage patterns after the experiment Are the observations statistically significant? Rinse and repeat
23. Results New generation of tools: smart_read, smart_edit, smart_build Tuned descriptions to “sell” better the value of the tools Never do a simple operation easily replaced with shell Return additional context (e.g. type info, package docs) On failure, provide hints for self-correction Reduce the model “degree of freedom”
24. project_init Bootstraps Go projects by creating directories, initializing modules, and installing dependencies. project_init(path=".", module_name="github.com/user/my-app", dependencies=["github.com/…"]) Key Features: - Atomic workflow combining multiple setup steps into one call. - Returns documentation for installed packages immediately. - Returns top level docs for “hallucinated” dependencies
25. smart_read Go-aware file reading operation. smart_read(filename="main.go", start_line=10, end_line=50) Key Features: - Allows slicing the file using line numbers - Returns documentation for external dependencies (only the first time) - Syntax check using go/parser
26. smart_edit Go-aware file editing with smart “matching” features smart_edit(filename="main.go", old_content="func foo()", new_content="func bar()") Key Features: - Normalises whitespace and indentation variances before matching - Supports line numbers for precise replacement - Tolerant to typos up to a given threshold (e.g. Levenshtein distance <= 2) - Runs gofmt and goimports to maintain style consistency. - Prevents saving changes that introduce syntax errors. - Returns suggestions when edit fails
27. smart_build Deterministic build pipeline with build, test and vet (or lint). smart_build(packages="./...", auto_fix=true) Key Features: - Runs go build, test and vet (or golangci-lint) in the same step - Reports detailed package coverage and total statement coverage - Resolves minor module and formatting issues automatically (go mod tidy, gofmt -w)
28. Experiment: no MCP, gopls and godoctor Runner: Gemini CLI with AUTO model Scenario: Build a “hello world” MCP server Sample size: 50 Includes all runs
29. Experiment: no MCP, gopls and godoctor Runner: Gemini CLI with Gemini 3 Flash Preview Scenario: Build a “hello world” MCP server Sample size: 50 Adjusted for successful runs only
30. Conclusions MCP tools should not be 1:1 mappings of your API / SDK Documentation and examples are gold for agents Augment your tools with hints upon failures Reduce the model degree of freedom (e.g. build -> test)
31. Try building it yourself! Codelab: How to Build an MCP Server with Go and Gemini CLI (Updated: Jan/2026)
32. If you would like to know more Personal blog: danicat.dev Talk materials: danicat.dev/events LinkedIn linkedin.com/in/petruzalek Twitter x.com/danicat83 Bluesky danicat83.bsky.social Thank you!