Boost your dev environment with Vagrant

Do you work in more than one project or with more than one person in or per project? If yes, this talk is for you.

One of the tasks where developers usually spend lots of time is in the configuration of the project development environment. What if you configure it by running a simple command? Without to have to hurry about product versions, without install anything in your machine?

This talk will be an introduction to Vagrant with Puppet that let’s you distribute your development environment. I will use a pratical example to explain and demonstrate how Vagrant and Puppet works.

Vagrant is a tool that manages virtual machines under VirtualBox or VMware. The virtual machines can be provisioning with bash scritps, puppet or chef.

Transcript

1. Boost with Vagrant your dev environment Daniel Gomes @danielcsgomes June 12, 2013 europeanspaceagency © http://www.flickr.com/photos/europeanspaceagency/3704205848
2. AGENDA • Why is distributed environment a good thing • Why and what is Vagrant? • Providers • Provisioning with Puppet 2
3. 3 ABOUT ME • Full Stack Web Developer @ Sedimap PT • Father, Geek • Zend Certi!ed Engineer PHP 5.3 • Certi!ed Scrum Master • @danielcsgomes
4. 4 Why is distributed environment a good thing?
5. 5 let's see...
6. 6 http://xkcd.com/349/
7. “I use *unix” “I use Windows” “You need to change to project B” “Your code does not work in my machine” “I need to install an older version of software y” “New team member? Install all this stu!” “Need to reinstall everything again” “I’m tired to con"gure it over and over again” “Lost one day to con"gure my machine” 7
8. HOW 8 MANY TIMES DID IT HAPPEN TO YOU?! sometimes suzie ©: http://www.flickr.com/photos/22324124@N07/6186059907
9. 9 I just want to code!! seamesse © http://www.#ickr.com/photos/seamesse/4722522619
10. 10 What if of your co-workers? you have the same environment
11. 11 What if customize and share it? you could replicate,
12. 12 What if "does not work on my machine" ? you could get rid of the quote
13. 13 EnterpriseMobility © http://www.#ickr.com/photos/entmobility/5140252625/ how
14. 14 Distributing environment your development image source © FreeDigitalPhotos.net
15. 15 with
16. http://www.vagrantup.com/ 16
17. 17 Why Vagrant?
18. Is portable and easy to share 18
19. Reproducible and customizable 19
20. Virtualized and isolated 20
21. Allows you to work close to your production environment 21
22. and makes your life easier and everyone happy 22
23. va•grant (ˈveɪ grənt) Noun: a person without a settled home or regular work who wanders from place to place and lives by begging DEFINITION 23
24. What is Vagrant? • Manage virtual machines (such as Virtual Box, VMware, AWS) • Define the configuration in code using a single file • Can use Shell scripts, Puppet, Chef and other tools to provisioning the Virtual Machines • Written in Ruby 24
25. How does it work? Will assume you already have Vagrant and a provider installed in your machine (will use Virtual Box because it’s free) 25 http://downloads.vagrantup.com/tags/v1.2.2 https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
26. Workflow of vagrant up 26 Vagrantfile Provisioning manifest has provisioning manifest? yes start provisioning the VM VM is running vagrant up downloads the box if needed and loads vagrant configurations (share folders, port forwarding, etc) and starts the VM
27. use vagrant 27 how to
28. 28 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh
29. 29 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh
30. 30 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh
31. 31 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh
32. 32 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh
33. 33 $ cd /path/to/my/project $ vagrant init precise64 http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ tree . └── Vagrantfile $ vagrant up $ vagrant ssh
34. Demo 34 step one https://github.com/danielcsgomes/boost-your-dev-environment-with-vagrant/tree/step-one
35. Vagrantfile 35 Example of
36. 36 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" # port forwarding config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 # setup a private network with a static IP Address # nfs requires a static IP address config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" # sharing folders # Vagrant 1.1+ automatically ignores nfs on Windows OS config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true end
37. 37 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" # port forwarding config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 # setup a private network with a static IP Address # nfs requires a static IP address config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" # sharing folders # Vagrant 1.1+ automatically ignores nfs on Windows OS config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true end
38. 38 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" # port forwarding config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 # setup a private network with a static IP Address # nfs requires a static IP address config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" # sharing folders # Vagrant 1.1+ automatically ignores nfs on Windows OS config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true end
39. 39 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" # port forwarding config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 # setup a private network with a static IP Address # nfs requires a static IP address config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" # sharing folders # Vagrant 1.1+ automatically ignores nfs on Windows OS config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true end
40. 40 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" # port forwarding config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 # setup a private network with a static IP Address # nfs requires a static IP address config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" # sharing folders # Vagrant 1.1+ automatically ignores nfs on Windows OS config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true end
41. Demo 41 step two https://github.com/danielcsgomes/boost-your-dev-environment-with-vagrant/tree/step-two
42. vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy 42 vagrant commands
43. 43 vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy vagrant init Initializes Vagrant
44. 44 vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy vagrant up Create and configure the Virtual Machine
45. 45 vagrant halt Shutdown the Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy
46. 46 vagrant reload Restart the Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy
47. 47 vagrant provision Provision a started Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy
48. 48 vagrant ssh Access the Virtual Machine via SSH in *unix Outputs the SSH configuration in Windows vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy
49. 49 vagrant suspend Suspends the Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy
50. 50 vagrant resume Resume a suspended Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy
51. 51 vagrant destroy Delete the created Virtual Machine vagrant init vagrant up vagrant halt vagrant reload vagrant provision vagrant ssh vagrant suspend vagrant resume vagrant destroy
52. Providers 52
53. default vagrant provider http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/configuration.html 53 and it's free
54. available, but’s not free http://www.vagrantup.com/vmware 54
55. and other providers are available, using vagrant plugin system http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/plugins/providers.html 55
56. Vagrantfile configuration 56 Example of with Virtual Box custom options
57. http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/configuration.html 57 # Vagranfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.name = "phplx" # custom VM name vb.gui = true # enables GUI, defaults is false # Vagrant exposes a way to call any command against VBoxManage # Example: Change the memory of the VM vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "512"] end end
58. http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/configuration.html 58 # Vagranfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.name = "phplx" # custom VM name vb.gui = true # enables GUI, defaults is false # Vagrant exposes a way to call any command against VBoxManage # Example: Change the memory of the VM vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "512"] end end
59. http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/configuration.html 59 # Vagranfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.name = "phplx" # custom VM name vb.gui = true # enables GUI, defaults is false # Vagrant exposes a way to call any command against VBoxManage # Example: Change the memory of the VM vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "512"] end end
60. http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/configuration.html 60 # Vagranfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.name = "phplx" # custom VM name vb.gui = true # enables GUI, defaults is false # Vagrant exposes a way to call any command against VBoxManage # Example: Change the memory of the VM vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "512"] end end
61. http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/virtualbox/configuration.html 61 # Vagranfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb| vb.name = "phplx" # custom VM name vb.gui = true # enables GUI, defaults is false # Vagrant exposes a way to call any command against VBoxManage # Example: Change the memory of the VM vb.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", "512"] end end
62. Demo 62 step three https://github.com/danielcsgomes/boost-your-dev-environment-with-vagrant/tree/step-three
63. Provisioning with http://puppetlabs.com/ 63 http://docs.puppetlabs.com/references/latest/type.html
64. What is Puppet? • Declarative and model-based approach to IT automation • Performs administrative tasks (such as adding users, create folders, installing packages, etc) • Cross OS • Written in Ruby 64
65. Vagrant provision with puppet 65 default expected directory structure
66. 66 $ tree . ├── Vagrantfile └── manifests └── default.pp
67. Vagrant with puppet 67 minimum configuration
68. 68 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true # Vagrant will look inside the "manifests" folder # for the default manifest file "default.pp" config.vm.provision :puppet end
69. 69 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true # Vagrant will look inside the "manifests" folder # for the default manifest file "default.pp" config.vm.provision :puppet end
70. Vagrant with puppet 70 custom configuration
71. 71 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| # to the manifests folder puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" # initial manifest puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" end end
72. 72 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| # to the manifests folder puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" # initial manifest puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" end end
73. 73 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| # to the manifests folder puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" # initial manifest puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" end end
74. 74 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| # to the manifests folder puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" # initial manifest puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" end end
75. Vagrant with puppet 75 modules and options configuration puppet modules - http://docs.puppetlabs.com/puppet/2.7/reference/modules_fundamentals.html vagrant docs for puppet provisioning - http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/provisioning/puppet_apply.html
76. 76 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" # defines the puppet modules folder puppet.module_path = "vagrant/modules" # set puppet options puppet.options = [ '--verbose', '--debug' ] end end
77. 77 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" # defines the puppet modules folder puppet.module_path = "vagrant/modules" # set puppet options puppet.options = [ '--verbose', '--debug' ] end end
78. 78 # Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| config.vm.box = "precise64" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 8080 config.vm.network :private_network, ip: "10.5.0.2" config.vm.synced_folder ".", "/vagrant", :nfs => true config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet| puppet.manifests_path = "vagrant/puppet" puppet.manifest_file = "init.pp" # defines the puppet modules folder puppet.module_path = "vagrant/modules" # set puppet options puppet.options = [ '--verbose', '--debug' ] end end
79. Puppet manifest 79 Example of
80. 80 # vagrant/puppet/init.pp class apt_update { exec { "aptGetUpdate": command => "sudo apt-get update", path => ["/bin", "/usr/bin"] } } class os_tools { package { "curl": ensure => present, require => Exec["aptGetUpdate"] } } include apt_update include os_tools
81. 81 # vagrant/puppet/init.pp class apt_update { exec { "aptGetUpdate": command => "sudo apt-get update", path => ["/bin", "/usr/bin"] } } class os_tools { package { "curl": ensure => present, require => Exec["aptGetUpdate"] } } include apt_update include os_tools
82. 82 # vagrant/puppet/init.pp class apt_update { exec { "aptGetUpdate": command => "sudo apt-get update", path => ["/bin", "/usr/bin"] } } class os_tools { package { "curl": ensure => present, require => Exec["aptGetUpdate"] } } include apt_update include os_tools
83. 83 # vagrant/puppet/init.pp class apt_update { exec { "aptGetUpdate": command => "sudo apt-get update", path => ["/bin", "/usr/bin"] } } class os_tools { package { "curl": ensure => present, require => Exec["aptGetUpdate"] } } include apt_update include os_tools
84. Demo 84 step four https://github.com/danielcsgomes/boost-your-dev-environment-with-vagrant/tree/step-four
85. http://ansible.cc/ http://www.opscode.com/chef/ Shell scripts Ansible more provisioning tools 85
86. 86 how to share your environment?
87. • Use (D)VCS (Git, SVN, Mercurial, etc.) • Add the Vagrantfile and provisioning files (puppet, chef, shell scripts, etc) to your repository • Add .vagrant folder to your repository ignore file or your global ignore file. 87
88. • When working in multiple projects use port forwarding and networks carefully • Avoid port collision by adding auto_correct: true for each port forwarding • Use --debug on your provision options when something is wrong • Have guest additions always up to date • Improve share folders performance by enabling nfs (is not available on windows) • You can prevent vagrant from running provision using vagrant up --no-provision • Use vewee tool to create base boxes • If you are using Puppet modules, don't forget to add the module dependencies as well Tips and Tricks 88
89. 89 Awesome but how to use it in the real world?
90. 90 step !ve a real world use case Demo of • Ubuntu 12.04 • Apache 2.2 • MySQL 5.5 • PHP 5.4 https://github.com/danielcsgomes/boost-your-dev-environment-with-vagrant/tree/step-five
91. • Sharing your dev environment saves you time and makes your life easier and everyone happy • Vagrant manages the Virtual Machines using a configuration file • Default provider is Virtual Box, but VMware and AWS are available too • Vagrant can provision the VM using Puppet, Chef, Shell scripts or other tools Sum up 91
92. RESOURCES • Documentation • Vagrant - http://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/ • Puppet - http://docs.puppetlabs.com/references/latest/type.html • Chef - http://docs.opscode.com/chef/index.html • Ansible - http://ansible.cc/docs/ • Vewee - https://github.com/jedi4ever/veewee • Downloads • Vagrant - http://downloads.vagrantup.com/ • Virtual Box - https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads • VMware - http://www.vmware.com/products/player/ • Source code of the talk demos - http://goo.gl/s1WnR • List of base boxes - http://www.vagrantbox.es/ 92
93. @danielcsgomes | me@danielcsgomes.com | http://danielcsgomes.com Jian Awe © http://www.#ickr.com/photos/qqjawe/6511141237 Please give feedback: http://goo.gl/3WcWw Questions?