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strace(1) all the things!
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Dan Miller
November 13, 2014
Programming
3
630
strace(1) all the things!
Presented at the Marist College Computer Society meeting, 11/12/14
Dan Miller
November 13, 2014
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Transcript
strace(1) all the things Dan Miller Software Engineer Etsy
etsy.com/careers
@jazzdan strace(1) all the things What is strace(1)? How to
see what a program does without the source A quick aside about man(1) pages How does ls(1) work?
What is strace?
@jazzdan strace(1) is a unix utility for observing system calls
How do we see what a program does without reading
the source?
@jazzdan $ls
@jazzdan $strace ls
None
@jazzdan strace ls • execve(2) • open(2) • close(2) •
getdents(2) • write(2)
A quick aside on Unix man pages
@jazzdan $man man
None
None
None
How does ls work?
execve("/bin/ls", ["ls"], [/* 23 vars */]) = 0
None
execve() executes the program pointed to by filename. filename must
be either a binary executable, or a script starting with a line of the form: ! #! interpreter [optional-arg]
int execve(const char *filename, char *const argv[], char *const envp[]);
open( “/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC ) = 3
None
Given a pathname for a file, open() returns a file
descriptor, a small, nonnegative integer for use in subsequent system calls (read(2), write(2), lseek(2), fcntl(2), etc.).
int open(const char *pathname, int flags)
open( “/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC ) = 3
@jazzdan Wait… what is libc?
@jazzdan $man libc
None
open( “.", O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC ) = 3
getdents( 3, /* 4 entries */, 32768 ) = 712
None
int getdents(unsigned int fd, struct linux_dirent *dirp, unsigned int count);
getdents( 3, /* 23 entries */, 32768 )= 712
open( “.", O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC ) = 3
close(3)
None
int close(int fd);
close(3)
write( 1, “hello_world\n", hello_world ) = 23
None
exit_group(0) = ?
None
This system call is equivalent to exit(2) except that it
terminates not only the calling thread, but all threads in the calling process's thread group.
void exit_group(int status);
@jazzdan When is strace(1) useful? • Anything involving files or
sockets • Path issues • See what is being sent over a network interface
@jazzdan When is strace(1) not useful? • In production (performance
is terrible) • When no syscalls are being executed
One Cool Trick for Performance Analysis (perf folks hate ‘em)
@jazzdan $strace -c ls
None
Questions?