Desenvolvimento Web com Ruby on Rails (parte 5)

Desenvolvimento Web com Ruby on Rails

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1. Desenvolvimento Web com Ruby on Rails João Lucas Pereira de Santana gtalk | linkedin | twitter: jlucasps
2. Migration bills @jlucasps jlucasps@lotus:/media/truecrypt1/handsonrails/first_app$ rails g migration CreateBills invoke active_record create db/migrate/20130618074102_create_bills.rb class CreateBills < ActiveRecord::Migration def change create_table :bills do |t| t.column :name, :string, :null => false t.column :description, :string t.references :user, :foreign_key => true t.column :date, :datetime, :null => false t.column :value, :decimal t.timestamps end end end Criar arquivo de migration e executá-lo
3. Migration bills @jlucasps jlucasps@lotus:/media/truecrypt1/handsonrails/first_app$ rake db:migrate == CreateBills: migrating =============================================== ===== -- create_table(:bills) -> 0.0073s -- add_index(:bills, :user_id) -> 0.0005s == CreateBills: migrated (0.0080s) =========================================== jlucasps@lotus:/media/truecrypt1/handsonrails/first_app$ rake db:rollback == CreateBills: reverting =============================================== ===== -- remove_index("bills", {:column=>:user_id}) -> 0.0082s -- drop_table("bills") -> 0.0003s == CreateBills: reverted (0.0088s) ===========================================
4. Migration bills @jlucasps jlucasps@lotus:/media/truecrypt1/handsonrails/first_app$ rails g migration AddIndexToBills invoke active_record create db/migrate/20130618080649_add_index_to_bills.rb class AddIndexToBills < ActiveRecord::Migration def change add_index :bills, :user_id end end Adicionar índice à foreign_key user_id da tabela bills
5. Migration bills @jlucasps jlucasps@lotus:/media/truecrypt1/handsonrails/first_app$ rake db:migrate == AddIndexToBills: migrating ================================================ -- add_index(:bills, :user_id) -> 0.0013s == AddIndexToBills: migrated (0.0015s) ======================================= jlucasps@lotus:/media/truecrypt1/handsonrails/first_app$ rake db:rollback == AddIndexToBills: reverting ================================================ -- remove_index("bills", {:column=>:user_id}) -> 0.0306s == AddIndexToBills: reverted (0.0307s) =======================================
6. Model Bill @jlucasps class Bill < ActiveRecord::Base # Attrs accessible attr_accessible :name, :description, :user_id, :date, :value # Validations validates :name, :presence => true, :allow_blank => false validates :user_id, :presence => true validates :date, :presence => true validates :value, :presence => true # Associations belongs_to :user # Scopes default_scope order("bills.date DESC") # Públic methods end
7. Model User Alterar o model User para conter a associação com Bill @jlucasps class User < ActiveRecord::Base # Attrs accessible attr_accessible :name, :email, :age, :gender # Constants MALE = 1 FEMALE = 2 OTHER = 3 # Validations validates :name, :presence => true, :allow_blank => false validates :email, :presence => true, :allow_blank => false validates_uniqueness_of :email validates :gender, :presence => true, :if => :adulthood # Associations has_many :bills, :dependent => :destroy # Scopes # Públic methods def adulthood self.age.present? and age >= 18 end end
8. Rails console @jlucasps jlucasps@lotus:/media/truecrypt1/handsonrails/first_app$ rails console Loading development environment (Rails 3.2.13) irb(main):001:0> user = User.new(:name => "Joao Lucas", :email => "jlucasps@gmail.com") => #<User id: nil, name: "Joao Lucas", email: "jlucasps@gmail.com", age: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, gender: nil> irb(main):002:0> user.save (0.1ms) begin transaction User Exists (0.2ms) SELECT 1 AS one FROM "users" WHERE "users"."email" = 'jlucasps@gmail.com' LIMIT 1 SQL (24.1ms) INSERT INTO "users" ("age", "created_at", "email", "gender", "name", "updated_at") VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?) [["age", nil], ["created_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 12:52:30 UTC +00:00], ["email", "jlucasps@gmail.com"], ["gender", nil], ["name", "Joao Lucas"], ["updated_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 12:52: 30 UTC +00:00]] (422.3ms) commit transaction => true irb(main):003:0> Criar um usuário utilizando o $ rails console
9. Rails console Criar 2 objetos Bill e associá-los a um usuário. @jlucasps irb(main):004:0> bill_1 = Bill.new :name => "Conta 1", :date => Time. utc(2012, 06, 18), :value => 48.90 => #<Bill id: nil, name: "Conta 1", description: nil, user_id: nil, date: "2012-06- 18 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:3fc45d8,'0.489E2',18(45)>, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil> irb(main):012:0> bill_1.user = user => #<User id: 7, name: "Joao Lucas", email: "jlucasps@gmail.com", age: nil, created_at: "2013-06-18 12:52:30", updated_at: "2013-06-18 12:52:30", gender: nil> irb(main):013:0> bill_1.save (0.1ms) begin transaction SQL (7.7ms) INSERT INTO "bills" ("created_at", "date", "description", "name", "updated_at", "user_id", "value") VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?) [["created_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 13:03:13 UTC +00:00], ["date", Mon, 18 Jun 2012 00:00:00 UTC +00:00], ["description", nil], ["name", "Conta 1"], ["updated_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 13:03:13 UTC +00:00], ["user_id", 7], ["value", #<BigDecimal:31e9878,'0.489E2',18(45)>]] (413.9ms) commit transaction => true
10. Rails console @jlucasps irb(main):014:0> bill_2 = Bill.new :name => "Conta 2", :date => Time. utc(2012, 06, 17), :value => 31.50 => #<Bill id: nil, name: "Conta 2", description: nil, user_id: nil, date: "2012-06- 17 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:437f150,'0.315E2',18(45)>, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil> irb(main):015:0> bill_2.user = user => #<User id: 7, name: "Joao Lucas", email: "jlucasps@gmail.com", age: nil, created_at: "2013-06-18 12:52:30", updated_at: "2013-06-18 12:52:30", gender: nil> irb(main):016:0> bill_2.save (0.1ms) begin transaction SQL (0.7ms) INSERT INTO "bills" ("created_at", "date", "description", "name", "updated_at", "user_id", "value") VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?) [["created_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 13:05:13 UTC +00:00], ["date", Sun, 17 Jun 2012 00:00:00 UTC +00:00], ["description", nil], ["name", "Conta 2"], ["updated_at", Tue, 18 Jun 2013 13:05:13 UTC +00:00], ["user_id", 7], ["value", #<BigDecimal:3c1e0f0,'0.315E2',18(45)>]] (427.6ms) commit transaction => true
11. Rails console @jlucasps irb(main):017:0> Bill.find_all_by_user_id(user.id) Bill Load (0.3ms) SELECT "bills".* FROM "bills" WHERE "bills"."user_id" = 7 ORDER BY bills.date DESC => [#<Bill id: 1, name: "Conta 1", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012-06-18 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:46f1428,'0.489E2',18(45)>, created_at: "2013- 06-18 13:03:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:03:13">, #<Bill id: 2, name: "Conta 2", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012-06-17 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:46f8048,'0.315E2',18(45)>, created_at: "2013-06-18 13:05:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:05:13">] irb(main):018:0> Bill.find_by_user_id user.id Bill Load (0.5ms) SELECT "bills".* FROM "bills" WHERE "bills"."user_id" = 7 ORDER BY bills.date DESC LIMIT 1 => #<Bill id: 1, name: "Conta 1", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012-06-18 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:4706260,'0.489E2',18(45)>, created_at: "2013- 06-18 13:03:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:03:13"> irb(main):019:0>
12. Rails console @jlucasps irb(main):020:0> Bill.where(:user_id => user.id).sum(:value) (0.2ms) SELECT SUM("bills"."value") AS sum_id FROM "bills" WHERE "bills"."user_id" = 7 => #<BigDecimal:45230d8,'0.8040000000 000001E2',27(45)> irb(main):022:0> Bill.where(:user_id => user.id, :date => Time. utc(2012, 06, 17)).sum(:value) (0.3ms) SELECT SUM("bills"."value") AS sum_id FROM "bills" WHERE "bills"."user_id" = 7 AND "bills"."date" = '2012-06-17 00:00:00.000000' => #<BigDecimal:4a95c78,'0.315E2',18(45)> irb(main):029:0> Bill.where(:user_id => user.id).where("bills. date <= '2012-06-17 00:00:00.000000'").sum(:value) (0.3ms) SELECT SUM("bills"."value") AS sum_id FROM "bills" WHERE "bills"."user_id" = 7 AND (bills.date <= '2012-06-17 00:00:00.000000') => #<BigDecimal:49b44d0,'0.315E2',18(45)>
13. Scopes @jlucasps # Scopes default_scope order("bills.date DESC") irb(main):039:0> reload! irb(main):040:0> user = User.find_by_email("jlucasps@gmail.com") User Load (0.2ms) SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."email" = 'jlucasps@gmail.com' LIMIT 1 => #<User id: 7, name: "Joao Lucas", email: "jlucasps@gmail.com", age: nil, created_at: "2013-06-18 12:52:30", updated_at: "2013-06-18 12:52:30", gender: nil> irb(main):041:0> user.bills Bill Load (0.2ms) SELECT "bills".* FROM "bills" WHERE "bills"."user_id" = 7 ORDER BY bills.date DESC => [#<Bill id: 1, name: "Conta 1", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012- 06-18 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:2d11fd0,'0.489E2',18(45)>, created_at: "2013-06-18 13:03:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:03:13">, #<Bill id: 2, name: "Conta 2", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012-06-17 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:3d120b0,'0.315E2',18(45)>, created_at: "2013-06-18 13:05:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:05:13">]
14. Scopes @jlucasps # Scopes default_scope order("bills.date ASC") irb(main):044:0> reload! Reloading... => true irb(main):045:0> user = User.find_by_email("jlucasps@gmail.com") User Load (0.2ms) SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."email" = 'jlucasps@gmail.com' LIMIT 1 => #<User id: 7, name: "Joao Lucas", email: "jlucasps@gmail.com", age: nil, created_at: "2013-06-18 12:52:30", updated_at: "2013-06-18 12:52:30", gender: nil> irb(main):046:0> user.bills Bill Load (0.1ms) SELECT "bills".* FROM "bills" WHERE "bills"."user_id" = 7 ORDER BY bills.date ASC => [#<Bill id: 2, name: "Conta 2", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012-06-17 00: 00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:4971270,'0.315E2',18(45)>, created_at: "2013-06-18 13: 05:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:05:13">, #<Bill id: 1, name: "Conta 1", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012-06-18 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:4977eb8,'0.489E2', 18(45)>, created_at: "2013-06-18 13:03:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:03:13">]
15. Scopes @jlucasps irb(main):051:0> reload! irb(main):052:0> user = User.find_by_email("jlucasps@gmail.com") User Load (0.2ms) SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."email" = 'jlucasps@gmail.com' LIMIT 1 => #<User id: 7, name: "Joao Lucas", email: "jlucasps@gmail.com", age: nil, created_at: "2013-06-18 12: 52:30", updated_at: "2013-06-18 12:52:30", gender: nil> irb(main):053:0> user.bills Bill Load (0.1ms) SELECT "bills".* FROM "bills" WHERE "bills"."user_id" = 7 ORDER BY bills.date DESC => [#<Bill id: 1, name: "Conta 1", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012-06-18 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:49105b0,'0.489E2',18(45)>, created_at: "2013-06-18 13:03:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:03:13">, #<Bill id: 2, name: "Conta 2", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012-06-17 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:491b050,'0.315E2',18(45)>, created_at: "2013-06-18 13:05:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:05:13">] irb(main):054:0> user.bills.recents Bill Load (0.4ms) SELECT "bills".* FROM "bills" WHERE "bills"."user_id" = 7 ORDER BY bills.date DESC LIMIT 5 => [#<Bill id: 1, name: "Conta 1", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012-06-18 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:4938560,'0.489E2',18(45)>, created_at: "2013-06-18 13:03:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:03:13">, #<Bill id: 2, name: "Conta 2", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012-06-17 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:49368f0,'0.315E2',18(45)>, created_at: "2013-06-18 13:05:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:05:13">] # Scopes default_scope order("bills.date DESC") scope :recents, order("bills.date DESC").limit(5)
16. Scopes @jlucasps irb(main):058:0> reload! irb(main):059:0> user = User.find_by_email("jlucasps@gmail.com") User Load (0.2ms) SELECT "users".* FROM "users" WHERE "users"."email" = 'jlucasps@gmail.com' LIMIT 1 => #<User id: 7, name: "Joao Lucas", email: "jlucasps@gmail.com", age: nil, created_at: "2013-06-18 12:52:30", updated_at: "2013-06-18 12:52:30", gender: nil> irb(main):060:0> user.bills.recents_by_date Time.utc(2012, 06, 17) Bill Load (0.3ms) SELECT "bills".* FROM "bills" WHERE "bills"."user_id" = 7 AND (bills.date <= '2012-06-17 00:00:00.000000') ORDER BY bills.date DESC LIMIT 5 => [#<Bill id: 2, name: "Conta 2", description: nil, user_id: 7, date: "2012-06-17 00:00:00", value: #<BigDecimal:4b07e90,'0.315E2',18(45)>, created_at: "2013- 06-18 13:05:13", updated_at: "2013-06-18 13:05:13">] scope :recents, order("bills.date DESC").limit(5) scope :recents_by_date, lambda {|date| where("bills.date <= '#{date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.000000')}'").order ("bills.date DESC").limit(5) }
17. Commit $ git add . $ git commit -m "Criação de scopes" Agora vamos adicionar relacionamentos entre as rotas de Usuários e Contas @jlucasps ... resources :users do resources :bills end ...
18. Bills @jlucasps Alterar view de show do modelo user: /app/views/users/show.html.erb <p id="notice"><%= notice %></p> <p><b>Nome:</b><%= @user.name %></p> <p><b>email:</b><%= @user.email %></p> <p><b>Idade:</b><%= @user.age %></p> <p><b>Sexo:</b><%= @user.gender %></p> <div id='new_bill'> <%= render :partial => 'bills/new', :locals => {:bill => Bill.new, :user => @user} %> </div> <div id='bills'> <%= render :partial => 'bills/index', :locals => {:bills => @user.bills} %> </div> <%= link_to 'Edit', edit_user_path(@user), :class => "btn" %> | <%= link_to 'Back', users_path, :class => "btn" %>
19. Bills @jlucasps Criar partial para lista contas: /app/views/bills/_index.html.erb <% if bills.any? %> <% bills.each do |bill| %> <div class='well well-small'> <h4><%= bill.name %></h4> <%= bill.description %> <h5><%= l(bill.date, :forma => :long) %></h5> <h3><%= bill.value.round(2) %></h3> </div> <% end %> <% else %> <div class='alert'> <%= t('no_bill_registered_to_this_user') %> </div> <% end %>
20. Bills @jlucasps Criar partial com formulário de nova conta: /app/views/bills/_new.html.erb <hr> <h4><%= t('new_bill') %></h4> <%= form_for([user, bill], :remote => true) do |f| %> <%= render :partial => 'shared/error_messages' , :locals => {:resource => bill} % > <%= f.hidden_field :user_id, :value => user.id %> <%= f.label :name %> <%= f.text_field :name %> <%= f.label :description %> <%= f.text_field :description %> <%= f.label :date %> <%= f.text_field :date %> <%= f.label :value %> <%= f.text_field :value %> <% end %>
21. Bills @jlucasps Criar controller bills e action create class BillsController < ApplicationController def create @bill = Bill.new(params[:bill]) flash[:notice] = (@bill.save ? t('saved_successfully') : t('error_while_saving')) end end
22. Bills @jlucasps Criar view create /app/views/bills/create.js.erb <% if @bill.persisted? %> $("#bills").html("<%= j(render :partial => 'bills/index', :locals => {: bills => @bill.user.bills}) %>"); $("#bills").prepend("<%= j notice %>"); $("#new_bill").html("<%= j(render :partial => 'bills/new', :locals => {:bill => Bill.new, :user => @bill.user} ) %>"); <% else %> $("#new_bill").html("<%= j(render :partial => 'bills/new', :locals => {:bill => @bill, :user => @bill.user}) %>"); <% end %>
23. Bills @jlucasps Alterar view de index para apresentar link para edit e destroy <hr> <h4><%= t('bills') %></h4> <% if bills.any? %> <% bills.each do |bill| %> <div id='bill_<%= bill.id %>' class='well well-small'> <h4><%= bill.name %></h4> <%= bill.description %> <h5><%= l(bill.date, :forma => :long) %></h5> <h3><%= bill.value.round(2) %></h3> <%= link_to t('edit'), edit_user_bill_path(bill.user, bill), :class => "btn btn- primary", :remote => true %> <%= link_to t('delete'), [bill.user, bill], :remote => true, :method => :delete, : class => "btn btn-danger" %> </div> <% end %> <% else %> <div class='alert'> <%= t('no_bill_registered_to_this_user') %> </div> <% end %>
24. Bills @jlucasps Criar action e view destroy def destroy @bill = Bill.find(params[:id]) @bill.destroy end <% if @bill.destroyed? %> $("#bill_<%= @bill.id %>").remove(); <% else %> $("#bill_<%= @bill.id %>").prepend("<%= t ('error_while_deleting') %>"); <% end %>
25. Bills @jlucasps Criar action e view edit def edit @bill = Bill.find(params[:id]) end $("#new_bill").html("<%= j(render :partial => 'bills/new', : locals => {:bill => @bill, :user => @bill.user}) %>"); $('html, body').animate({scrollTop: $("#new_bill").offset(). top});
26. Bills @jlucasps Implementar action e view de update def update @bill = Bill.find(params[:id]) flash[:notice] = (@bill.update_attributes(params[:bill]) ? t ('updated_successfully') : t('error_while_updating')) end <% if @bill.valid? %> $("#bills").html("<%= j(render :partial => 'bills/index', :locals => {:bills => @bill.user.bills}) %>"); $("#bills").prepend("<%= j notice %>"); $("#new_bill").html("<%= j(render :partial => 'bills/new', :locals => {:bill => Bill.new, :user => @bill.user} ) %>"); <% else %> $("#new_bill").html("<%= j(render :partial => 'bills/new', :locals => {:bill => @bill, :user => @bill.user}) %>"); <% end %>
27. Bills @jlucasps
28. Desenvolvimento Web com Ruby on Rails João Lucas Pereira de Santana gtalk | linkedin | twitter: jlucasps Obrigado!