The Most Powerful File in Your Codebase

Transcript

1. The Most Powerful File In Your Codebase
2. .eslintrc.js
3. README
4. i_have_no_idea_what_this_does_but_ if_you_delete_it_the_build_breaks-1.py
5. LICENSE
10. LICENSE
11. Skills Music 78% Gardening 75% The Computers 80% Dad Jokes 90% Dad / Tinkerer / Musician Allen Smith About Me • Dad living in Charlotte, NC • Enjoys playing music, being outdoors, and minor-league baseball • World’s OK-est software developer • Ham: KO4ABW
12. Sometime in the 80s…
13. 🎥 🕵
14. The Friendly CMS
15. 🎥 🕵 LICENSE
16. Before we move on…
17. I am not a lawyer.
18. Disclaimers: The information provided in this session is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as legal advice. This information is not a substitute for professional legal counsel, and any reliance on it is at your own risk. For personalized legal advice or guidance, please consult with a qualified attorney who can assess your specific situation and provide tailored recommendations. (my attorney told me to say that)
19. Today’s Flavor
20. What is a Software License?
21. Sometime in the 80s…
22. San Francisco, 68 million years ago.
23. What’s a word that rhymes with OKR?
24. 1710 Statute of Anne
25. What is Copyright?
26. Copyright: A type of intellectual property that gives its owner the exclusive right to copy, distribute, adapt, display, and perform a creative work, usually for a limited time. (source: Wikipedia)
27. Constitution of the United States The Congress shall have Power…To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;
28. What about patents?
29. Patents protect ideas. Copyright protects the expression of ideas.
30. Copyright Term in the US: • 1790 — 14 years + right to renew for 14 more • 1831 — 28 years + right to renew for 14 more • 1976 — 75 years or life of author + 50 years
32. 1998 CTEA (Sonny Bono Act) Life of the Author + 70 years Corporate Works: 95 years from publication or 120 years from creation
33. The Mickey Mouse Protection Act Meeska Mooska! You are trying to hotlink to a digital property that is currently protected by U.S. Copyright laws. You will be hearing from our attorneys.
34. Copyright in the US Automatic
35. Copyright in the US Reproduce Distribute Make derivative works Display Perform Digitally transmit
36. Contracts
37. What is a contract?
38. Contract: an agreement (typically in writing) that specifies certain legally enforceable rights and obligations pertaining to two or more mutually agreeing parties. (source: Wikipedia)
39. Royalties
40. Photo by Markus Winkler on Unsplash
41. Anatomy of an Open Source Software License
42. Anatomy of an Open Source Software License Assertions Language communicating your rights as the licensor Grants The things you as the licensor are granting the licensee
43. Consideration
44. LICENSE Dual Copyright The Executable The Code
45. License Grant Scope Use Copy Distribute Modify Create Derivative Works Distribute Derivative Works
46. What makes software open source?
48. Richard Stallman • Harvard • MIT’s AI Lab • Emacs • GNU • FSF
49. Copyleft
50. Why Copyleft?
51. Generational Limitation
52. What ensures a license is really an open source one?
54. OSI Definition 1. Free Redistribution 2. Source Code 3. Derived Works 4. Integrity of the Author's Source Code 5. No Discrimination against People or Groups 6. No Discrimination against Fields of Endeavor 7. Distribution of the License 8. License Must not be Specific to a Product 9. License Must not Restrict Other Software 10. License Must be Technology Neutral
55. Free Software vs. Open Source Software
56. Types of Licenses
57. MIT Apache 2.0 GPL 3.0 BSD 3-Clause GPL 2.0 AGPL 3.0 BSD 2-Clause CC0 1.0 MPL 2.0 LGPL 2.1 ISC EPL 2.0 EPL 1.0 WFTPL BSL 1.0 Artistic 2.0
58. Intent
59. Mechanisms for Achieving Intent Restrictions - things licensees must not do Grants - things licensees may do Obligations - things licensees must do
60. Classifying Licenses
61. Permissive-Restrictive Open-Closed Licensee Obligations
62. More Restrictive Less Restrictive Public Domain Licenses Research Style Licenses Copyleft Licenses Proprietary Licenses
63. Public Domain Software Intent: Release software into the public domain and surrender all copyright in perpetuity. License Examples: Unlicense, BSD Zero Clause Project Examples: SQLite, ImageJ, youtube-dl, works of the US government
64. Research Style Licenses Intent: Retain copyright while encouraging study, experimentation, innovation, and maximum utilization. License Examples: MIT, BSD, Apache, ISC
65. Research Style Licenses Project Examples MIT: React, Ruby on Rails, Babel, .NET, Umbraco BSD: Django, Go, Nginx, Redis Apache: Apache, Hugo, Rust, Puppet, NuGet, Kubernetes, Swift
66. The Friendly CMS 😉 Full of permissive MIT licensing goodness!
67. Research Style Licenses Project Examples MIT: React, Ruby on Rails, Babel, .NET, Umbraco BSD: Django, Go, Nginx, Redis Apache: Apache, Hugo, Rust, Puppet, NuGet, Kubernetes, Swift
68. Copyleft Licenses Intent: Protect rights of original author, preserve software freedom, encourage improvement and modification. License Examples: GPL, LGPL, AGPL, MPL
69. Copyleft Licenses Project Examples GPL: GNU, the Linux kernel, Git, Drupal, WordPress, MariaDB, MySQL LGPL: GTK, PulseAudio, Qt, VLC Libraries AGPL: Bitwarden, Mastodon, RStudio, Grafana, The Algorithm MPL: Firefox, Brave, LibreOffice, Thunderbird
70. What about proprietary licenses?
71. Specialized Licenses
72. What about Creative Commons?
73. Born out of CTEA Supreme Court Case Copyleft for Creative Work Some liken it to the GPL A licensing framework
74. BY - Attribution must be given ND - No derivative works allowed SA - Derivative works must be shared alike NC - Only noncommercial uses are permitted
75. Choosing a License
76. You might not have a say.
77. If you do have a say… • Intent and long-term vision • License compatibility • Community compatibility • Standardized over Specialized
78. You control it!* *(unless you don’t.)
79. http://choosealicense.org
80. All rights reserved.
81. The Future of Open Source Licensing
82. Free labor.
86. Compliance
88. SBOMS Software Supply Chain
89. FOSSLCERAAS 🦖
91. Music Royalty Landscape
93. Untapped Potential of Open Source Licensing
94. .DS_Store
95. Thanks!