Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
Is this Rails model?
Search
MOROHASHI Kyosuke
November 12, 2016
Programming
3
720
Is this Rails model?
MOROHASHI Kyosuke
November 12, 2016
Tweet
Share
More Decks by MOROHASHI Kyosuke
See All by MOROHASHI Kyosuke
Identifying User Idenity
moro
10
18k
Simplicity on Rails -- RDB, REST and Ruby
moro
15
18k
ちょうどよい Rails E2E テスト/enough-good-rails-e2e-test
moro
5
2.5k
フレームワークを作らない方法/How NOT to build frameworks
moro
4
1.2k
全体がいい感じになるために、私たちRailsをホームにするWeb技術者ができること/let-our-whole-system-grow
moro
2
1.9k
フォームオブジェクトとの向き合い方/Grow Form Objects up
moro
1
2k
チームによるいきいきとしたソフトウェア開発/an-alive-team-grows-software
moro
3
3.4k
Web-E2E-Testing-from-Ruby
moro
5
570
Joyful user foundation restructuring with Ruby
moro
9
19k
Other Decks in Programming
See All in Programming
DataformでPythonする / dataform-de-python
snhryt
0
100
SwiftでMCPサーバーを作ろう!
giginet
PRO
2
210
状態遷移図を書こう / Sequence Chart vs State Diagram
orgachem
PRO
3
300
テスターからテストエンジニアへ ~新米テストエンジニアが歩んだ9ヶ月振り返り~
non0113
2
240
階層化自動テストで開発に機動力を
ickx
1
440
MCPで実現できる、Webサービス利用体験について
syumai
7
2.2k
202507_ADKで始めるエージェント開発の基本 〜デモを通じて紹介〜(奥田りさ)The Basics of Agent Development with ADK — A Demo-Focused Introduction
risatube
PRO
5
1.3k
可変性を制する設計: 構造と振る舞いから考える概念モデリングとその実装
a_suenami
8
1k
No Install CMS戦略 〜 5年先を見据えたフロントエンド開発を考える / no_install_cms
rdlabo
0
380
Jakarta EE Meets AI
ivargrimstad
0
430
型で語るカタ
irof
1
870
Comparing decimals in Swift Testing
417_72ki
0
130
Featured
See All Featured
Responsive Adventures: Dirty Tricks From The Dark Corners of Front-End
smashingmag
251
21k
Being A Developer After 40
akosma
90
590k
Let's Do A Bunch of Simple Stuff to Make Websites Faster
chriscoyier
507
140k
Sharpening the Axe: The Primacy of Toolmaking
bcantrill
44
2.4k
Facilitating Awesome Meetings
lara
54
6.5k
Learning to Love Humans: Emotional Interface Design
aarron
273
40k
Side Projects
sachag
455
43k
Stop Working from a Prison Cell
hatefulcrawdad
271
21k
The Art of Programming - Codeland 2020
erikaheidi
54
13k
GraphQLとの向き合い方2022年版
quramy
49
14k
The Power of CSS Pseudo Elements
geoffreycrofte
77
5.9k
Balancing Empowerment & Direction
lara
1
510
Transcript
Is this Rails model? @2016-11-12 #ckpd_LT ٕज़෦ ։ൃج൫ @moro ॾڮګհ
‣ ུྺ ‣ 3BJMTᴈ໌ظ͔Β ΄Ͳ3BJMT͖ͬͯͨ ‣ ࠷͍ۙͬͯΔ͜ͱ ‣ 3BJMTΞϓϦͷઃܭࢧԉίʔυϨϏϡʔ ‣
΄͔ʹΞδϟΠϧ͓͡͞Μͱ͔ ‣ ͪΖΜࣗͰίʔυॻ͍ͯΔ
‣ 10ઓ͖ͬͯͨRubyͱRailsɺWebαʔϏεͷ ՁΛϢʔβʔʹಧ͚ΔϨʔϧʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ ‣ ϒϥβ͚: HTML, JS & CSS ‣
ΞϓϦ͚: JSON over HTTP ‣ ֤छσʔλετΞͷಡΈॻ͖ Why: ͜ͷ͕Ͳ͏ʹཱͪͦ͏͔
‣ ϒϥβ͚ʹΓΓॻ͘ ‣ ΞϓϦ͚ͷAPI࡞Δͷʹͦͦ͜͜ॻ͘ ‣ ผαʔϏεͰ࡞ͬͨσʔλΛϢʔβʹಧ͚ΔͨΊʹ ͪΐͬͱॻ͘ ‣ DWHͷूܭσʔλ ‣
ػցֶशͷྨ݁Ռ… ͜Ε͔Βͷ͍ΖΜͳΤϯδχΞʹͱͬͯͷRails
Is this Rails model? dେͳΓখͳΓ3BJMTΛ͞ΘΔͱ͖ͷΨΠυ
Before Rails
‣ Enterprise Java ‣ PofEAA, PofEAAಡॻձ ‣ Ruby Ұ෦ͰΘΕ͍͕ͯͨʮࣄͰ͏ݴޠʯ Ͱͳ͔ͬͨɻ
‣ 2001-04: tDiary ‣ 2002- kagemai Before Rails: ~2003
‣ จܥେֶੜ ‣ େखిػϝʔΧʔʹSEͱͯ͠ब৬ ‣ 100+ਓɺ(?)͕͔ΓͷϓϩδΣΫτʹଐ ‣ ϓϩδΣΫτͷޮԽπʔϧΛ࡞ΔͷʹRuby͞ΘΔ NF!#FGPSF3BJMT
‣ וాͷຊͰങͬͨ ‣ net/telnetͰSolarisʹϩάΠϯͯ͠ ‣ γΣϧεΫϦϓτ࣮ߦͯ͠ ‣ ग़དྷͨϑΝΠϧΛnet/ftpͰ࣋ͬͯ͘ΔεΫϦϓτʹ ‣
VisualuRubyͰUI͚ͭͯ ‣ exerbͰݻΊͯϙϯஔ͖
Rails was coming
‣ 2005-09: AgileWebDevelopment with Rails ‣ 2005-12: Rails 1.0
‣ 2007-12: Rails 2.0
‣ “Sustainable productivity for web-application development. ” ‣ 5ͰϒϩάΛ࡞Δ ‣
Opinionated framework: ओு͕ڧ͍ ‣ MVC, DRY… Rails was coming : 2004-2007
‣ At the heart of MVC (sniff) is what I
call Separated Presentation. ‣ In MVC, the domain element is referred to as the model. Model objects are completely ignorant of the UI. ‣ http://martinfowler.com/eaaDev/uiArchs.html MVC
‣ app/{views,controllers,models} ‣ app/models ʹ AcitveRecord::Base Λ ܧঝͨ͠”Ϟσϧ”ͷܗ͕Ͱ͖Δ Rails’ scaffold
MVC
‣ σʔλϕʔεͷςʔϒϧϏϡʔͷྻΛϥοϓ͠ɺ σʔλϕʔεΞΫηεΛΧϓηϧԽ͠ɺυϝΠϯϩδο ΫΛՃ͢Δ ‣ http://bliki-ja.github.io/pofeaa/ActiveRecord/ Active recordύλʔϯ
‣ ΞΫηαΛDBεΩʔϚ͔Βಈతʹఆٛ ‣ fkͰࢀরͰ͖Δςʔϒϧؒͷؔ࿈(association) Ruby͔Βѻ͍͍͢ ‣ (͔ΜͨΜʹ͏ʹ)SQLΛॻ͔ͳ͍͍ͯ͘ ActiveRecord: Rails default
ORM
‣ ຊRubyΧϯϑΝϨϯε2006 ͰͷDHHΩʔϊʔτ ‣ http://www.slideshare.net/vishnu/ discovering-a-world-of-resources-on-rails ‣ WebͷੈքCRUDʹநԽͰ͖ΔͷͰ? RESTful &
ActiveResource
‣ POST /groups/42/membership ‣ ͋ΘͤͯಡΈ͍ͨ: ָʑERDϨοεϯ ʮͰ͖͝ͱʯͷΤϯςΟςΟԽ
‣ Rails͕େϒʔϜʹ ‣ ʮϞσϧʯͱ͍͑ActiveRecord ‣ ग़དྷࣄΛΤϯςΟςΟԽ͢ΕRESTfulΠέͦ͏ ‣ ʮ͖Ε͍ͳRESTʯͱDBͷϨίʔυΛXML(!!)Ͱ ఏڙ͢Δ͜ͱ Rails
was coming : 2004-2007
me @ 2004 - 2007 ‣ Railsษڧձ@౦ژ ‣ લ৬
ESMʹస৬ ‣ ࣄͰRailsΛ͍࢝ΊΔ ‣ RSpec
RailsϒʔϜ
‣ 2010-08: Rails 3.0 ‣ Merb, Rack, Arel ‣ ·͞ʹ3rd
system
‣ ARʹϩδοΫΛॻ͔ͳ͍ͷ͕ྲྀߦΔ(?) ‣ ෳςʔϒϧͷϨίʔυΛಡΈॻ͖Ͱ͖ͳ͘ͳΔ ‣ ʮͦ͏ͩ! ίϯτϩʔϥʹॻ͜͏!!ʯ Anemic domain model
(υϝΠϯϞσϧශ݂)
‣ ίϯτϩʔϥʹϩδοΫ͕ॻ͔ΕΔ ‣ ڞ௨Խςετ͕͘͠ͳΔ ‣ MVCͱ Fat Controller
‣ HTTPܦ༝ͰϨίʔυΛ࿐ग़͢Δ͚ͩͰΓͳ͍ ‣ N+1 ‣ APIΫϥΠΞϯτͱαʔόͷີ݁߹Խ ‣ ΠϕϯτΤϯςΟςΟͷ٫ ‣ Anemic
REST ʮ͖Ε͍ͳRESTʯͱARes
‣ ͍ΖΜͳاۀͰΘΕΔΑ͏ʹͳͬͨ ‣ ελʔτΞοϓͳαʔϏεͰ ‣ ΠϯϋεͰ ‣ ٕज़తෛ࠴ΛෛͬͯαʔϏεΛ࢝ΊΔ/ҭͯΔ࣌ظ RailsϒʔϜ: 2008-2011
‣ RailsϨγϐϒοΫ, Rails 3Ϩγϐ ϒοΫ, ͡ΊΔCucumber!ͳͲ ग़൛ ‣ RailsͰςετΛॻ͖ͳ͕Βίʔυ Λॻ͍͍ͯͨɻ
me@ 2008-2011
Fat models & beyond: 2011-
‣ 2013-06: Rails 4.0 ‣ Bundler, StrongParameters, Better ActiveModel ‣
2016-08: Rails 5.0 ‣ ActiveJob, RailsAPI…
‣ ϩδοΫΛίϯτϩʔϥʹஔ͘ͱϝϯςφϯεੑ͕ Լ͕Δ ‣ ʮͦ͏ͩ! Ϟσϧʹॻ͜͏!!ʯ ‣ Ϟσϧ = ARϞσϧ
Fat Models
‣ UserRecipeͱ͍ͬͨαʔϏεͷओཁΤϯςΟςΟ ͕1,000+ߦ͘Β͍(Ժͳදݱ) ʹͳΔɻ ‣ όον͔Βsaveͨ࣌͠ʹൃՐ͢ΔίʔϧόοΫό Ϧσʔγϣϯɻ ‣ helper hell
or දࣔ༻ϩδοΫͷϞσϧՃɻ Fat Models
‣ ʮϨίʔυʯ͡Όͳ͍ϞσϧͷநϨΠϠ͕Ͱ͖ͨɻ ‣ Rails 4+ Ͱ͔ͳΓ͍͘͢ɻ ‣ FormObjectύλʔϯ ActiveModel::Model
‣ ϞσϧΫϥεԣஅతͳؔ৺͝ͱΛConcernʹநग़͠ ͨɻ ‣ app/{m,v,c}/concerns ‣ ࣮ଶmixinͳͷͰҙɻ AS::Concern
‣ AMo::ValidatorΛܧঝͨ͠όϦσʔγϣϯ ϩδοΫͷநग़ɻ ‣ app/validators/ Validatorͷ
‣ Draper ActiveDecorator ͕ ‣ දࣔ༻ϩδοΫΛϞσϧ͔Βͤ͞Δɻ ‣ helperͰ໊͋ͬͨલۭؒڞ༗ୀ۶ͳୈҰҾ ੍͕͞ΕΔɻ
‣ Ϟσϧͷ͕ݮΔɻ Decorator / Presenter
‣ 2-3ͭ΄ͲͷʮηοτͰѻ͏σʔλʯΛαʔϏεಛఆ ͷΫϥεͱͯ͠நग़ͨ͢͠ͷ ‣ ௨՟(୯Ґ, ֹۚ) ‣ ൣғ(։࢝, ऴྃ) ͳͲͳͲ
ValueObject (ΦϒδΣΫτ)
‣ ෳςʔϒϧͷૢ࡞ͦΕࣗମΛΦϒδΣΫτͱͯ͠ நग़͢Δɻ ‣ ͋Δը໘͔ΒͷΈ͏ϩδοΫΛɺڞ༗͞ΕΔAR Ϟσϧ͔Βͤ͞Δɻ ‣ cf: DCIͷӨڹ ‣
http://magazine.rubyist.net/?0041-RailsTheBadParts#l9 Interaction Object, Operation Object or Service Layer
‣ ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫͷ”͍͢͝”ΫϥεΛܧঝ͠ͳ͍ ʮ;ͭ͏ͷʯ(plain old)ͳΫϥεɻ ‣ ૉʹॲཧΛநग़ͯ͠OOP͢ΕΑ͍ɻ ‣ VOେ͜Ε ‣ αʔϏεΫϥεॏްͳΫϥεͳ͍ํ͕Αͦ͞͏?
PORO: Plain Old Ruby Object
‣ https://github.com/trailblazer/trailblazer ‣ ͱ͍͏Α͏ͳ͜ͱΛʮ͜͜Ζ͕͚ʯ͔Β࣮ʹͯ͠ ͍Δgem ‣ Opinionated ͳͷͰ·Δͬͱ࠾༻Ͱ͖Δ͔Ͳ͏͔ͱ ͔͘ɺࢀߟʹͳΓͦ͏ɻ Trailblazer
‣ ඇಉظ ‣ ෳDB (ਨׂ, ਫฏׂ, RW-Spliting, NoSQL) ‣ APIܦ༝ͷଞγεςϜ࿈ܞ
‣ JavaScriptͷ·͢·͢ͷߴԽ ‣ WebSocket … More & more new challengers!
‣ Fat C ΑΓϚγ͕ͩ Fat M ͭΒ͍ɻ ‣ AR͚͕ͩϞσϧ͡Όͳ͍ɻ ‣
VOServiceLayerMVCͰ͍͏ϞσϧͷҰछ ‣ ઐ༻ͷσΟϨΫτϦ΄͍͍ͬͯ ‣ Railsͷ্ͰͩͬͯOOPͰ͖Δ! ΦϨλνͷFatModelͱͷઓ͍͜Ε͔Βͩ
‣ Railsͱ͔RSpecͱ͔nिͷπϥϛΛຯΘ͍ͳ͕Β αʔϏε։ൃࢧԉ ‣ ίʔυϨϏϡʔͱ͔ ‣ GitHubͰͷιϑτΣΞ։ൃ͕ҰൠԽͨ͠ ‣ 2015 Cookpadʹస৬ͨ͠
‣ RubyRailsͷઃܭվળͱ͔ΞδϟΠϧ͓͡͞Μ me@ 2012-
Is this Rails model?
‣ ͨͿΜϞσϧͰ͢ɻ ‣ ͦͷ্Ͱׂ͍ͯ͘͠ͱ͍͍: ‣ දࣔϩδοΫΛdecoratorʹ ‣ VOΛ୳ͦ͏ ‣ ෳϞσϧΛ͞ΘΓ͚ͨΕαʔϏεϨΠϠநग़͢Δͱྑ͍͔?
Yes, maybe…
‣ ϢʔβʔʹՁΛಧ͚ΔͷʹඞཁͳϨʔϧͱͯ͠ ॻ͘ͱ͖ʹͨͷ͘͠ॻ͍ͯ΄͍͠ͳɻ ‣ ΨοπϦͱɺRailsͱOOઃܭপʹ·ͬͯॻ͘ͷ ͨͷ͍͠ͷͰҰॹʹͬͯ͘ΕΔਓͬͯ·͢ɻ ͳΜ͔ͩΜ͍ͩͬͯRailsͨͷ͍͠