Writing Effective PHP @ Forum PHP 2019

PHP has evolved massively since its first days, and it's on the road to a full-featured language. However, at the same time, there is a lot of outdated information and libraries with poorly written code.

This talk is about writing PHP Code that is: safe, robust, and maintainable. We are going to cover a set of rules, that if you follow them; they will get you on the habit of writing code well.

Get ready for a 25 min live-coding session, where I go through practical examples. You will learn how to design classes, how to think about your API to prevent breaking changes, and discover concepts around designing and creating objects, when and how to use immutability, and much more.

Transcript

1. Writing EFFECTIVE PHP by Nuno Maduro
2. DEFENSIVE PROGRAMMING A ume the worst
3. EVERY LINE OF CODE IS A LIABILITY Just like driving
4. PLEASE CONSIDER THIS PRACTICES ROBUST TESTABLE SAFE MAINTAINABLE Prevent every po ible bug
5. PRATICES Depends of TEAM & PROJECT
6. LET'S GET STARTED
7. Make State IMMUTABLE
8. HOW WRITE IMMUTABLE CLASSES? ▸ Constructor is the only Injection Point ▸ No setters ▸ Private Attributes ▸ Make state private
9. Always ASSERT
10. WHEN TO ASSERT INPUT? ▸ Always ▸ Build your own helpers to avoid code duplication ▸ Consider the package "beberlei/assert"
11. public function create(string $name, array $objects): void { Assertion::notEmpty($name); Assertion::allIsInstanceOf($objects, \App\User::class); }
12. PUBLIC API Clear Contract
13. final class Money { /** * I know this sucks! But I have deployed * this in a rush last friday ahahah. Good Luck! */ public function __construct(int $amount); }
14. /** * Takes the `amount` of the instance attribute `$money` to create {...} using * the instance attribute `$dataTime` for the field `created_at`. * * @throws \Domain\Exceptions\SomethingNotAvailable If something is not available. */ public function handle(): void
15. If you use Semantic Versioning DECLARE A PUBLIC API
16. HOW WRITE A SOLID CONTRACT? ▸ What is it ▸ What it does ▸ What it returns ▸ What is the behavior ▸ What is the behavior when the contract gets violated
17. Make cla es FINAL BY DEFAULT
18. class Db { /* ... */ } class Core extends Db { /* ... */ } class User extends Core { /* ... */ } class Admin extends User { /* ... */ } class Bot extends Admin { /* ... */ } class BotThatDoesSpecialThings extends Bot { /* ... */ } class PatchedBot extends BotThatDoesSpecialThings { /* ... */ } class PatchedBotVersion2019 extends PatchedBot { /* ... */ }
19. class Food {} class Human extends Food {} class Nuno extends Human {} $nuno = new Nuno(); $nuno->eat();
20. COMPOSITION OVER INHERITANCE final class Food {} $food = new Food(); $nuno = new Nuno() $nuno->eat($food);
21. WHEN MARK CLASSES AS FINAL? ALMOST ALWAYS - FORCE DEVELOPERS THIKING ABOUT COMPOSITION
22. HIGH QUALITY TESTS
23. You wi implore for LESS FEATURES
24. STATIC ANALYSIS PHPSTAN & PHP INSIGHTS
25. HOW HAVE HIGH QUALITY TESTS? ▸ Add 100% of real Test Coverage - PHPUnit ▸ Use and abuse Static Analysis - PHPStan & PHP Insights
26. PLEASE CONSIDER THIS PRACTICES ▸ Open Source Libraries ▸ Important pieces of your software ▸ Long-lived projects
27. EXPERIENCE
29. EFFECTIVE-PHP.COM PREMIUM VIDEO COURSE - GOOD CODE IS SHORT, SIMPLE, AND ROBUST. NUNOMADURO.COM Thanks!