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ブラウザ / Browser

Recruit
August 19, 2021

ブラウザ / Browser

2021年度リクルート エンジニアコース新人研修の講義資料です

Recruit

August 19, 2021
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  1. ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ • ΞυϨεόʔʹ͍Εͨ URL Λجʹϖʔδ͕ϨϯμϦϯά͞ΕΔ • ϦϯΫΛΫϦοΫ͢ΔͳͲͷΞΫγϣϯ͕͋Δͱ URL ͕มԽ ͠ɺཤྺʹͨ·Δ

    • ໭ΔϘλϯΛԡ͢ͱཤྺΛ໭ΕΔ • ਐΉϘλϯΛԡ͢ͱཤྺΛਐΊΒΕΔ • ϦϩʔυϘλϯΛԡ͢ͱ࠶౓ URL Λߋ৽͢Δ *NBHF
  2. ϒϥ΢βͷػೳ • େݪଇ: ΢ΣϒΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͸ϒϥ΢βͷػೳΛ յͯ͠͸͍͚ͳ͍ɻ • յ͢ͱମݧ͕ѱ͍͚ͩ͡Όͳ͍ɻ • ΞΫηγϏϦςΟ΋ѱ͘ͳΔɻ •

    ηΩϡϦςΟͱ͔ͷอޢػߏ΋ಇ͔ͳ͘ͳΔ͔΋ɻ ͲΜͳʹྑ͍ΞϓϦͰ͋ͬͯ΋ ϒϥ΢βͷػೳΛյ͢Α͏ͳΞϓϦ͸࢖ΘΕͳ͘ͳΔ
  3. ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH&OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF 6*#BDLFOE %BUB 4UPSBHF

    http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm ϒϥ΢βͷΠϯλϑΣʔε ΞυϨεόʔͱ͔໭ΔϘλϯͱ͔
  4. ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH&OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF 6*#BDLFOE %BUB 4UPSBHF

    http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm ϨϯμϦϯάΤϯδϯΛૢ࡞͢Δϒϥ΢ βͷ֩ɺσʔλ૚ͱௐఀ͢Δ
  5. ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH&OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF 6*#BDLFOE %BUB 4UPSBHF

    http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm ίϯςϯπͷඳըΛߦ͏ɻίϯςϯπ͕ )5.-ͳΒϖʔδΛύʔεͯ͠ϩʔυ͢Δ
  6. ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH&OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF 6*#BDLFOE %BUB 4UPSBHF

    http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm ωοτϫʔΫ૚ɺ)551ϦΫΤετͨ͠ Γɺ)5514ͰϦΫΤετͨ͠Γ
  7. ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH&OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF 6*#BDLFOE %BUB 4UPSBHF

    http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm +BWB4DSJQU࣮ߦΤϯδϯWͱ͔ 4QJEFS.POLFZͱ͔+4$ͱ͔
  8. ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH&OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF 6*#BDLFOE %BUB 4UPSBHF

    http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm JOQVUͷ6*ͳͲɺڞ௨΢ΟδΣοτ෦෼ͷ6*Λग़͢ɻ ৔߹ʹΑͬͯ͸04ڞ௨ͷ΋ͷͷ࣌΋͋Δ
  9. ϒϥ΢βͷߏ଄ 6TFS*OUFSGBDF #SPXTFS&OHJOF 3FOEFSJOH&OHJOF /FUXPSL +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF 6*#BDLFOE %BUB 4UPSBHF

    http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm σΟεΫʹอଘ͢ΔϨΠϠ $PPLJFͱ͔MPDBMTUPSBHFͱ͔͕֘౰
  10. HTML Parse EJW QIFMMPQ QXPSMEQ EJW 1BSTF %*7 1 5&95

    1 5SFF %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 • λάΛωετͯ͠දݱ • ໦ߏ଄ͱ͍͏ܗͰσʔλߏ଄ͱͯ͠ දݱ͞ΕΔɻ
  11. DOM %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 •

    Document Object Model • ϒϥ΢β಺ͰͷHTMLͷ಺෦දݱ • Ͱ͋Γɺ͔ͭ JavaScript Ͱૢ࡞Ͱ͖Δσʔλߏ଄ var div = document.body.firstChild; var p2 = div.childNodes[1]; p2.appendChild(document.createElement("span")); +BWB4DSJQU &OHJOF CJOEJOHT
  12. Style • DOM Λ࡞ͬͨΒͦΕʹ Style Λ ౰͍ͯͯ͘ • %PDVNFOU )5.-

    #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 p { color: red } IFMMP XPSME 4UZMF
  13. Style • CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) • ηϨΫλΛෳࡶʹࢦఆͰ͖Δ ͪͳΈʹෳࡶͳࢦఆΛ͢Ε͹͢Δ΄Ͳෳࡶͳܭࢉ͕ඞཁͳͷͰ஗͍ɻ •

    ηϨΫλ͸ඃΔ͜ͱ͕͋Δ • ඃͬͨΒৄࡉ౓Ͱܾ·Δ EJWOPU GPP QOUIPGUZQF O \ DPMPSSFE ^ Q\ DPMPSCMVF ^
  14. Style • CSS ৄࡉ౓ (ڧ͍ॱͷྫ) • styleଐੑͰͷࢦఆ • ηϨΫλͷ ID

    ͷ਺ • ηϨΫλͷଐੑͷ਺ • ηϨΫλͷཁૉ໊ͷ਺  \^ BCDETQFDJpDJUZ     MJ\^ BCDETQFDJpDJUZ     MJpSTUMJOF\^ BCDETQFDJpDJUZ     VMMJ\^ BCDETQFDJpDJUZ     VMPM MJ\^ BCDETQFDJpDJUZ     I  <SFMVQ>\^ BCDETQFDJpDJUZ     VMPMMJSFE\^ BCDETQFDJpDJUZ     MJSFEMFWFM\^ BCDETQFDJpDJUZ     YZ\^ BCDETQFDJpDJUZ     TUZMF BCDETQFDJpDJUZ     http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm#Specifity
  15. Style EJWOPU GPP QOUIPGUZQF O \ DPMPSSFE ^ Q\ DPMPSCMVF

    ^ 1BSTF3VMF 4UZMF3VMFT 4UZMF3VMFT 4UZMF3VMFT $44΋ύʔε͠ɺελΠϧͷϧʔϧηοτΛ࡞Δɻ
  16. Style %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 4UZMF3VMFT

    4UZMF3VMFT 4UZMF3VMFT %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT
  17. Style %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 4UZMF3VMFT

    4UZMF3VMFT 4UZMF3VMFT %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT ϧʔϧΛ%0.ʹద༻ͯ͠$PNQVUFE4UZMFΛ࡞Δ
  18. Style %PDVNFOU )5.- #PEZ %JW 1 5&95 1 5&95 $PNQVUFE4UZMFT

    $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMFT $PNQVUFE4UZMF\ GPOU8FJHIU NBSHJO-FGU PVUMJOF USBOTGPSN CBDLHSPVOE ^ ϑΥϯτ΍എܠͳͲͷελΠϧ৘ใΛ%0.ʹ෇༩͢Δ
  19. ಈతͳߋ৽ )5.- %0. 4UZMF -BZPVU EPDVNFOUXSJUF EPDVNFOUHFU&MFNFOU#Z*E  FMFNUFYU$POUFOU EPDVNFOUXSJUFࣗ਎͸௚ײతͰศར͕ͩɺ࣮͸)5.-͔Βࠩ

    ͠ସ͑ͯ͠·͏ɺͦͷͨΊɺࠓ·Ͱͷ%0.4UZMF -BZPVUͷྲྀΕ͕΍Γ௚͠ʹͳΔɻ࢖͏΂͖Ͱ͸ͳ͍ɻ
  20. ϨϯμϦϯάΤϯδϯ·ͱΊ • HTML͸ಈతʹߋ৽͞ΕΔϞσϧ • ಈతʹߋ৽͢ΔͨΊʹதؒදݱͱͯ͠ DOM Λ༻ҙ͓ͯ͠Γɺ JavaScript Ͱߋ৽Ͱ͖Δ •

    DOMʹม׵ͨ͠ޙɺ Style Λܭࢉ͠ɺͦͷޙͲͷϙδγϣϯʹཁૉ Λஔ͔͘ͱ͍͏ Layout Λܭࢉ͢Δ • ࠷ޙʹ Paint Ͱલ໘ʹஔ͔͘എ໘ʹஔ͔͘ΛܾΊͯඳը͢Δ • document.write ͸࢖Θͳ͍
  21. JavaScript Τϯδϯ • JavaScript Λ࣮ߦ͢ΔΤϯδϯ • ࠷ۙͷΤϯδϯ͸େମ Just In Time

    ίϯύΠϥ͕͍ͭ ͓ͯΓɺ୯ͳΔΠϯλϓϦλͰ͸ͳ͘ɺ౷ܭతʹঢ়گ Λݟͯߴ଎Խ͞ΕΔ • ͜͜Ͱ͸ུ֓Λղઆ͠ɺΤϯδϯͷؾ࣋ͪΛ஌Δɻ • ͪͳΈʹ৘ใ͕ଟ͍ v8 ͷΤϯδϯΛࢀߟʹ͍ͯ͠Δɻ
  22. JavaScript Τϯδϯ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOB C ^ TVN

       <GVODUJPO LFZXPSE > <TVN JEFOUJpFS > <  QBSFO > <B JEFOUJpFS > <C JEFOUJpFS > UPLFOJ[F "45 <GVODUJPO LFZXPSE > <TVN JEFOUJpFS > <  QBSFO > <B JEFOUJpFS > <C JEFOUJpFS > 1SPHSBN 'VODUJPO%FDMBSBUJPO *EFOUJpFSTVN QBSBNT *EFOUJpFSC *EFOUJpFSB
  23. JavaScript Τϯδϯ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOB C ^ TVN

       <GVODUJPO LFZXPSE > <TVN JEFOUJpFS > <  QBSFO > <B JEFOUJpFS > <C JEFOUJpFS > UPLFOJ[F "45 <GVODUJPO LFZXPSE > <TVN JEFOUJpFS > <  QBSFO > <B JEFOUJpFS > <C JEFOUJpFS > 1SPHSBN 'VODUJPO%FDMBSBUJPO *EFOUJpFSTVN QBSBNT *EFOUJpFSC *EFOUJpFSB +BWB4DSJQU΋͜Ε·Ͱͱಉ༷໦ߏ଄Ͱද͞ΕΔɻ "CTUSBDU4ZOUBY5SFFͱ͍͏ߏ଄ɻ
  24. ΠϯλʔϓϦλ 1SPHSBN 'VODUJPO%FDMBSBUJPO *EFOUJpFSTVN QBSBNT *EFOUJpFSC *EFOUJpFSB *OUFSQSFUFS &YDBBFDBF!$SFBUF6ONBQQFE"SHVNFOUT YDBBFDBG!G4UBSS

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͔ΒCZUFDPEFʹ্ͨ͠Ͱ࣮ߦ͢Δɻ 3FTVMU
  25. Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ *OUFSQSFUFS +*5$PNQJMFS &YDBBFDBF!$SFBUF6ONBQQFE"SHVNFOUT YDBBFDBG!G4UBSS 4YDBBFDC!G-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZS <>

    <> YDBBFDC!G4UBSS YDBBFDC!C-EB;FSP &YDBBFDC!G5FTU&RVBM4USJDUS <> YDBBFDCC!B+VNQ*G'BMTF<> YDBBFDE !  4YDBBFDCE!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <>  <> YDBBFDD!G4UBSS YDBBFDD!C-EB;FSP YDBBFDD!G4UBSS &YDBBFDD!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <>  <> YDBBFDDB!G4UBSS &YDBBFDDD!BGGG$BMM1SPQFSUZS UIJT S  S <> 4YDBBFDE!BB3FUVSO 4YDBBFDE!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <>  <> YDBBFDE!GC4UBSS      bytecode Optimized machine code Optimize Deoptimize
  26. Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ *OUFSQSFUFS +*5$PNQJMFS &YDBBFDBF!$SFBUF6ONBQQFE"SHVNFOUT YDBBFDBG!G4UBSS 4YDBBFDC!G-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZS <>

    <> YDBBFDC!G4UBSS YDBBFDC!C-EB;FSP &YDBBFDC!G5FTU&RVBM4USJDUS <> YDBBFDCC!B+VNQ*G'BMTF<> YDBBFDE !  4YDBBFDCE!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <>  <> YDBBFDD!G4UBSS YDBBFDD!C-EB;FSP YDBBFDD!G4UBSS &YDBBFDD!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <>  <> YDBBFDDB!G4UBSS &YDBBFDDD!BGGG$BMM1SPQFSUZS UIJT S  S <> 4YDBBFDE!BB3FUVSO 4YDBBFDE!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <>  <> YDBBFDE!GC4UBSS      bytecode Optimized machine code Optimize Deoptimize *OUFSQSFUFSͷ࣮ߦ࣌৘ใΛجʹ+*5$PNQJMFSͰ࠷దԽ͢Δ
  27. Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ *OUFSQSFUFS +*5$PNQJMFS &YDBBFDBF!$SFBUF6ONBQQFE"SHVNFOUT YDBBFDBG!G4UBSS 4YDBBFDC!G-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZS <>

    <> YDBBFDC!G4UBSS YDBBFDC!C-EB;FSP &YDBBFDC!G5FTU&RVBM4USJDUS <> YDBBFDCC!B+VNQ*G'BMTF<> YDBBFDE !  4YDBBFDCE!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <>  <> YDBBFDD!G4UBSS YDBBFDD!C-EB;FSP YDBBFDD!G4UBSS &YDBBFDD!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <>  <> YDBBFDDB!G4UBSS &YDBBFDDD!BGGG$BMM1SPQFSUZS UIJT S  S <> 4YDBBFDE!BB3FUVSO 4YDBBFDE!-EB/BNFE1SPQFSUZUIJT <>  <> YDBBFDE!GC4UBSS      bytecode Optimized machine code Optimize Deoptimize ΋͠΋ਪఆ஋͕֎Ε͍ͯͨΒඇ࠷దԽ͕૸Δɻ
  28. Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOB C

    ^ ਺ࣈΛ଍ؔ͢਺ TVN    Կ౓΋਺ࣈΛ଍͠߹Θ͓͚ͤͯ͹ɺTVNؔ਺ͷ Ҿ਺͸਺ࣈɺಛʹJOUFHFSCJUҐ͔͕Θ͔Δ ͦ͏͢Ε͹ɺػցޠʹ͢Δ࣌ʹ࠷దԽ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ
  29. Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOB C

    ^ ਺ࣈΛ଍ؔ͢਺ TVN    Կ౓΋਺ࣈΛ଍͠߹Θ͓͚ͤͯ͹ɺTVNؔ਺ͷ Ҿ਺͸਺ࣈɺಛʹJOUFHFSCJUҐ͔͕Θ͔Δ ͦ͏͢Ε͹ɺػցޠʹ͢Δ࣌ʹ࠷దԽ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ ͜Ε͕+VTU*O5JNFίϯύΠϥͰݴ͏ͱ͜Ζͷ࠷దԽॲཧ
  30. Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOB C

    ^ ਺ࣈΛ଍ؔ͢਺ TVN    Կ౓΋਺ࣈΛ଍͠߹Θ͓͚ͤͯ͹ɺTVNؔ਺ͷ Ҿ਺͸਺ࣈɺಛʹJOUFHFSCJUҐ͔͕Θ͔Δ ͦ͏͢Ε͹ɺػցޠʹ͢Δ࣌ʹ࠷దԽ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOB C ^ ͍͖ͳΓ͜͜ͰจࣈྻΛ଍͢ TVN    ࠷దԽ͞ΕͨॴͰจࣈྻΛҾ਺ʹ౉ͨ͠ΒͲ͏ͳ Δ͔ʁ
  31. Just In Time ίϯύΠϥ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOB C

    ^ ਺ࣈΛ଍ؔ͢਺ TVN    Կ౓΋਺ࣈΛ଍͠߹Θ͓͚ͤͯ͹ɺTVNؔ਺ͷ Ҿ਺͸਺ࣈɺಛʹJOUFHFSCJUҐ͔͕Θ͔Δ ͦ͏͢Ε͹ɺػցޠʹ͢Δ࣌ʹ࠷దԽ͕Ͱ͖Δɻ GVODUJPOTVN B C \ SFUVSOB C ^ ͍͖ͳΓ͜͜ͰจࣈྻΛ଍͢ TVN    ࠷దԽ͞ΕͨॴͰจࣈྻΛҾ਺ʹ౉ͨ͠ΒͲ͏ͳ Δ͔ʁ CZUFDPEF͔Β΍Γ௚͢͜ͱʹͳΔʢඇ࠷దԽ͕૸Δʣɻ ͔ͤͬ͘+*5Ͱ࠷దԽͨ͠ॲཧ͕ແବʹͳΔɻ
  32. JIT Λࡴ͢ཁҼҰཡ (v8) • ܕ৘ใͷෆҰக • not int32 (integer ͡Όͳ͔ͬͨ)

    • not a string (จࣈྻ͡Όͳ͔ͬͨ) • not an array index (഑ྻͷఴࣈ͡Ό ͳ͔ͬͨ) • etc https://github.com/v8/v8/blob/master/src/deoptimizer/deoptimize-reason.h • ༧ظͤ͵ૢ࡞ • cow array's elements changed (ίϐʔͨ͠഑ྻ͕มߋ͞Εͨ) • division by zero (θϩআࢉ) • Out of bounds (഑ྻͷൣғ௒͑) • etc
  33. JIT Λࡴ͢ཁҼҰཡ (v8) • ܕ৘ใͷෆҰக • not int32 (integer ͡Όͳ͔ͬͨ)

    • not a string (จࣈྻ͡Όͳ͔ͬͨ) • not an array index (഑ྻͷఴࣈ͡Ό ͳ͔ͬͨ) • etc https://github.com/v8/v8/blob/master/src/deoptimizer/deoptimize-reason.h • ༧ظͤ͵ૢ࡞ • cow array's elements changed (ίϐʔͨ͠഑ྻ͕มߋ͞Εͨ) • division by zero (θϩআࢉ) • Out of bounds (഑ྻͷൣғ௒͑) • etc ֮͑Δඞཁ͸ͳ͍͕ɺॻ࣌͘ʹʮԿΛ͠ͳ͍ํ͕͍͍͔ʯΛ ஌͓͍ͬͯͨ΄͏͕ྑ͍ɻ
  34. ͦ΋ͦ΋௨৴Λߦ͏ͱ͸ʁ • Public IP / PORT ΛΫϥΠΞϯτ͕஌͍ͬͯͯ • αʔό͕઀ଓΛ଴͍ͬͯͯ •

    ͦ͜ʹ઀ଓΛཁٻ͠ • ઀ଓΛཱ֬ͨ͠Βɺσʔλͷަ׵Λߦ͏ Public IP / PORT Listen Data Transfer
  35. ͡Ό͋ IP ͸Ͳ͏΍ͬͯ஌Δͷʁ • IP ͸ DNSαʔό͔Βڭ͑ͯ΋Β͏ɻ • https://example.com ʹΞΫηε͠Α͏ͱͨ͠৔߹ɺҰ౓΋ΞΫηε͞Εͯͳ͔ͬͨΒ

    DNS Lookup (໊લ͔ΒIPΞυϨεΛҾ͘ߦҝ)͕ߦΘΕΔɻ • DNS Lookup ͸ͦͷϦΫΤετઌͷυϝΠϯʹԠͯ͡౎౓ൃੜ͢ΔͷͰɺ 3rd party domain ͕ϖʔδ಺ʹ͋Δ৔߹͸ʢҰ౓΋๚໰͞Εͯͳ͔ͬͨΒʣͦͷ࣌఺Ͱൃੜ͢ Δɻ EJHFYBNQMFDPN 01514&6%04&$5*0/ &%/4WFSTJPO qBHTVEQ 26&45*0/4&$5*0/ FYBNQMFDPN   */ " "/48&34&$5*0/ FYBNQMFDPN   */ " 
  36. PORT ͸ʁ • ༗໊ͳϓϩτίϧͷ৔߹༧Ίܾ·ͬͯΔɻ • http ͳΒ 80 ൪ɺ https

    ͳΒ 443 ൪ͱ͍ͬͨ෩ʹɻ • ͜ͷ༧ΊܾΊΒΕͨ PORT ͷ͜ͱΛ well-known PORT ͱݺͿɻ • well-known ͳ PORT ͸ಛݖ͕ඞཁͳέʔε΋ଟ͍ͷͰɺ։ൃ؀ ڥ౳Ͱ͸ 3000 ൪ͱ͔ʹͯ͠ɺ localhost:3000 Ͱݺͼग़͢͜ͱ ΋ଟ͍ɻ
  37. ͡Ό͋ࢲͷ伴ͱ߹Θͤͯ͜ΕͰ࿩͠·͠ΐ͏ɻ (Client Certificate) ઀ଓΛཱ֬ͱ͍͏ͷ͸ʁ • HTTP ͳΒ͜ΕͰܨ͕Δ͕ɺ࠷ۙͷେମͷWebαʔό͸ HTTPS ͳͷͰɺ͜Ε͚ͩͰ͸ܨ͕Βͳ͍ɻ҉߸ԽͷͨΊͷ΍ΓऔΓ͕ߋ ʹߦΘΕΔɻ(※؆ུԽ͍ͯ͠ΔͨΊɺਖ਼֬Ͱ͸ͳ͍)

    ΑΖ͓͘͠ئ͍͍ͨ͠·͢ɻ(Client Hello) ͪ͜Βͦ͜ΑΖ͓͘͠Ͷ͕͍͠·͢ɻ (Server Hello) Θͨ͠͸͜͏͍͏΋ͷͰ͢ɻ (Server Certificate) ͜͏͍͏伴Ͱ࿩ͤ·͢ (Server Key Exchange) Θͨ͠͸͜͏͍͏΋ͷͰ͢ɻ(Client Certificate)
  38. ͡Ό͋ࢲͷ伴ͱ߹Θͤͯ͜ΕͰ࿩͠·͠ΐ͏ɻ (Client Certificate) ઀ଓΛཱ֬ͱ͍͏ͷ͸ʁ • HTTP ͳΒ͜ΕͰܨ͕Δ͕ɺ࠷ۙͷେମͷWebαʔό͸ HTTPS ͳͷͰɺ͜Ε͚ͩͰ͸ܨ͕Βͳ͍ɻ҉߸ԽͷͨΊͷ΍ΓऔΓ͕ߋ ʹߦΘΕΔɻ(※؆ུԽ͍ͯ͠ΔͨΊɺਖ਼֬Ͱ͸ͳ͍)

    ΑΖ͓͘͠ئ͍͍ͨ͠·͢ɻ(Client Hello) ͪ͜Βͦ͜ΑΖ͓͘͠Ͷ͕͍͠·͢ɻ (Server Hello) Θͨ͠͸͜͏͍͏΋ͷͰ͢ɻ (Server Certificate) ͜͏͍͏伴Ͱ࿩ͤ·͢ (Server Key Exchange) Θͨ͠͸͜͏͍͏΋ͷͰ͢ɻ(Client Certificate) )5514௨৴͸5$1ͷ΍ΓऔΓͷޙͰ҉߸ԽͷͨΊͷऔΓܾ ΊΛ͢Δεςοϓ͕͋ΔɻͦΕΛܦͯ઀ଓ͞ΕΔɻ
  39. ؓ࿩ٳ୊ TLS/1.3 • TLS 1.3 Ͱ͸࠷ॳͷ઀ଓ࣌ʹϥ΢ϯυτϦοϓΛݮΒ͢ࢼΈΛ͍ͯ͠Δɻ • 0-RTT ͱݺ͹ΕΔ࢓૊ΈͰ͸͍͖ͳΓ Client

    ͕ Hello Λඈ͹ͯ͠σʔλΛ ૹΔ͜ͱ΋Մೳʹɻ Making the web faster with HTTP/3 by kazuho https://vimeo.com/485450984
  40. σʔλͷ΍ΓऔΓ • ઀ଓཱ͕֬͞Εͨޙ͸ HTTP ϓϩτίϧʹΑΔσʔλͷ΍ΓऔΓΛߦ͏ɻ • HTTP ͸جຊతʹϦΫΤετ / ϨεϙϯεͰͷ΍ΓऔΓ͕ߦΘΕΔɻ

    • HTTP ϦΫΤετʹ͸ϦΫΤετߦͱϔομʔͱݺ͹ΕΔϝλ৘ใͱϘσΟ ͱݺ͹ΕΔίϯςϯτ৘ใؚ͕·ΕΔɻ(※ ؆ུԽͷͨΊHTTP/1.1ͷղઆ) • 1045JOEFYIUNM)551 BDDFQUUFYUIUNM BDDFQUFODPEJOHH[JQ EFqBUF CS BDDFQUMBOHVBHFFO64 FOR KBR DBDIFDPOUSPMOPDBDIF DPPLJFGPPCBSCB[  GPPCBSIPHFGVHB ϦΫΤετߦ ϦΫΤετϔομʔ ϦΫΤετϘσΟ σʔλ಺༰
  41. σʔλͷ΍ΓऔΓ • ϦΫΤετΛड͚औͬͨΒαʔό͸ϨεϙϯεʢԠ౴ʣΛฦ͢ • HTTP Ϩεϙϯεʹ͸εςʔλεΛද͢৘ใͱϨεϙϯεϔομ ʢϝλσʔλʣɺϨεϙϯεϘσΟʢ಺༰ʣؚ͕·ΕΔ )5510, "HF $BDIF$POUSPMNBYBHF

    $POUFOU5ZQFUFYUIUNMDIBSTFU65' %BUF.PO "QS(.5 $POUFOU-FOHUI EPDUZQFIUNM IUNM IFBE  εςʔλεߦ Ϩεϙϯεϔομ ϨεϙϯεϘσΟ
  42. 4FSWFS GET /main.css GET /main.js GET /image0.png σʔλͷ΍ΓऔΓ GET /index.html

    200 OK 200 OK 404 Not Found 304 Not Modified )551্Ͱσʔλͷ΍ΓऔΓ͕ߦΘΕɺͦΕ͕ϨϯμϦϯάϓ ϩηε΍+4Τϯδϯ͕࣮ߦ͞ΕΔϑΣʔζΛܦͯϖʔδ͕ग़Δ
  43. TCP͓͞Β͍ • TCP ͸৴པੑ͕ߴ͍ϓϩτίϧ • ύέϩε࣌ͷ࠶ૹ੍ޚ΍ॱং౸ୡ੍ޚͳͲɺసૹ࣌ͷ໰୊Λղ ܾͯ͘͠ΕΔɻ 4FSWFS ) &

    - "DL & "DL͕དྷ ͳ͍ ࠶ૹ͢Δ "DL ͕དྷ͚ͨͲͦΕ ·Ͱड৴ͨ͠΋ͷ ͸ഁغ͢ΔͶɻ - ͔Β΋ ͏Ұ౓࠶
  44. Cache Storage • ϨεϙϯεΛΩϟογϡ͢Δ࢓૊Έ 4FSWFS GET /main.css GET /main.js GET

    /image0.png GET /index.html 200 OK 200 OK 404 Not Found 304 Not Modified Ұճμ΢ϯϩʔυͨ͠ϑΝΠϧ͸ωοτϫʔΫ͔ΒಡΈࠐΈͨ ͘ͳ͍ɻ࠶ར༻͍ͨ͠ɻ
  45. Cache Storage • αʔόଆ͕ HTTP ϨεϙϯεϔομʹΩϟογϡͱ͠ ͯอଘͯ͠ྑ͍͔Ͳ͏͔/Ωϟογϡ༗ޮظؒΛࣔͤ͹ Ωϟογϡ͕༗ޮʹͳΔɻ • Cache-Control

    / ETag ͱ͍ͬͨΩϟογϡ༻ͷϔομ Λ׆༻͢Δɻ $BDIF$POUSPMNBYBHFඵؒɺΫϥΠΞϯτͷ$BDIFͱ ͯ͠༗ޮ &UBH JEFOUσʔλͷࣝผՄೳͳ஋ɺ&UBH஋͕มΘͬͯ ͍ͳ͍͔Ͳ͏͔Λαʔόʹ໰͍߹ΘͤͯมΘ͍ͬͯͳ͔ͬͨΒΩϟογϡ͕ ࢖ΘΕΔɻมΘ͍ͬͯͨΒ࠶μ΢ϯϩʔυ
  46. Cookie Storage id pass 4FSWFS GET / 302 Redirect GET

    /login 200 OK POST /login id=foo&pass=xxx 302 Redirect Set-Cookie: session=xxx GET / cookie: session=xxx
  47. Cookie Storage id pass 4FSWFS GET / 302 Redirect GET

    /login 200 OK POST /login id=foo&pass=xxx 302 Redirect Set-Cookie: session=xxx GET / cookie: session=xxx 4FTTJPO$PPLJFΛ࡞Δ·ͰͷྲྀΕ
  48. αʔόΛ࡞Δ • Ұ୴͔͜͜ΒϋϯζΦϯΛ։࢝͠·͢ɻ • Node.js ͕ඞཁͳͷͰೖΕ͓͍͍ͯͯͩ͘͞ɻ • HTML Λ഑৴Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ·Ͱ͸࡞͓ͬͯ ͍ͨͷͰɺ

    clone ࣮ͯ͠ߦ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ • HJUDMPOFIUUQTHJUIVCDPNSFDSVJUUFDICSPXTFSIBOETPOHJU DECSPXTFSIBOETPO OQNJOTUBMM OPEFBQQNKT PQFOIUUQMPDBMIPTU
  49. ωοτϫʔΫͷ΍ΓऔΓ • ͔ͤͬ͘ͳͷͰ https ʹͯ͠Έ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • લॲཧͱͯ͠CAͱূ໌ॻΛ࡞Γɺແཧ໼ཧ trust ͓͖ͤͯ͞·͢ɻ OQNFYFDNLDFSUDSFBUFDB

    OQNFYFDNLDFSUDSFBUFDFSU TVEPTFDVSJUZBEEUSVTUFEDFSUESUSVTU3PPUL-JCSBSZ ,FZDIBJOT4ZTUFNLFZDIBJODBDSU
  50. ωοτϫʔΫͷ΍ΓऔΓ • Node.js ଆ΋ https ʹରԠͤͯ͞Έ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • ઌఔ࡞ͬͨ cert ϑΝΠϧΛಡΊ͹ྑ͍Ͱ͢ɻ

    BQQNKT JNQPSU\SFBE'JMF4ZOD^GSPNGT௥ه JNQPSU\DSFBUF4FSWFS^GSPNIUUQTIUUQ͔ΒIUUQTʹมߋ DPOTUSFRTPO  DSFBUF4FSWFS \ LFZSFBE'JMF4ZOD DFSULFZ ௥ه DFSUSFBE'JMF4ZOD DFSUDSU ௥ه ^ MJTUFO QPSU 
  51. ωοτϫʔΫͷ΍ΓऔΓ • खͬऔΓૣ͘ curl ͰΞΫηεͯ͠த਎Λݟͯ Έ·͠ΐ͏ɻ DVSMJWWWIUUQTMPDBMIPTUMPHJO $POOFDUFEUPMPDBMIPTU  QPSU

      TVDDFTTGVMMZTFUDFSUJpDBUFWFSJGZMPDBUJPOT 5-4W 065 5-4IBOETIBLF $MJFOUIFMMP   5-4W */ 5-4IBOETIBLF 4FSWFSIFMMP   5-4W */ 5-4IBOETIBLF $FSUJpDBUF   5-4W */ 5-4IBOETIBLF 4FSWFSLFZFYDIBOHF   5-4W */ 5-4IBOETIBLF 4FSWFSpOJTIFE  
  52. ωοτϫʔΫͷ΍ΓऔΓ • ࣍ʹ http2 ʹͯ͠Έ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • http2 ͷ createSecureServer Λ࢖ͬͯ

    http2 αʔόΛཱͯͯΈ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • Chrome ͷ։ൃऀπʔϧͰ http2 ʹͳ͍ͬͯ Ε͹੒ޭͰ͢ɻ
  53. σʔλετϨʔδΛࢼ͢ • ϩάΠϯΛ੒ޭͤͯ͞Έ·͠ΐ͏ɻ • id/password ΛνΣοΫ͠ɺ߹க͍ͯͨ͠Β੒ޭϨεϙϯ ε (302, Location: "/")

    ͱڞʹ Set-Cookie ͰΫοΩʔʹ ηογϣϯIDΛೖΕͯΈ·͠ΐ͏ʢηογϣϯID͸ԿͰ ΋Մʣɻ • ϩάΠϯηογϣϯ͕ϦμΠϨΫτ͞Εɺ `Login Success!` ͕දࣔ͞Ε͍ͯͨΒ੒ޭͰ͢ɻ
  54. Ͳ͏΍ͬͯϨϯμϦϯά͞Εͯ Δ͔ • ࠷ޙʹ Login Success ͷը໘͕ऐ͍͠ͷͰ HTML Ͱࣗ༝ʹϚʔ ΫΞοϓ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ

    • ը૾ΛೖΕͨΓɺಈըͱ͔ೖΕͯΈͨΓ͢Δͷ͕ྑ͍Ͱ͠ΐ ͏ɻ • CSS ͷ z-index Λม͑ͯΈͯલܠͱഎܠΛม͑ͯΈ͍ͯͩ͘͞ɻ • ਌ͷཁૉ͕ࢠͲ΋ͷཁૉʹΑͬͯߴ͕͞มΘͬͨΓ͢Δ͜ͱΛ Chrome ͷ։ൃπʔϧͰ͔֬ΊͯΈ·͠ΐ͏ɻ