Prototyping and Agile Development @ Denver Startup Week

@robb1e Robbie Clutton Prototyping & agile development

@robb1e Please propose a system to satisfy the attached requirements
speciﬁcation. Specify date of delivery and total cost.

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/26420411@N02/3062930943/

@robb1e Four variables in project management: time, cost, quality and
scope

@robb1e You say... Lets ﬁx scope, cost and time taking
a hit in quality

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/andrewbain/2228633614/

@robb1e

@robb1e You say... Let’s ﬁx scope, quality and time at
any cost.

@robb1e We’re working every weekend until this project is ﬁnished.

@robb1e

@robb1e You say... Lets ﬁx scope and quality with variable
costs and time.

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/virtualwayfarer/5600094306

@robb1e You say... Lets ﬁx quality, time and cost then
have optional scope.

@robb1e • Customers can change their minds • Suppliers aren’t
encouraged to sacrifice quality as soon as something goes wrong • Customers’ and suppliers’ interests are contractually aligned • The knowledge that both parties gain during the project can influence the finished product. Optional Scope Contracts

@robb1e Heraclitus, ~500BC Change is the only constant

@robb1e History lesson

@robb1e Richard Feynman We are never right, we can only
be sure we’re wrong.

@robb1e Getting Real by 37 Signals Build half a product,
not a half-ass product.

@robb1e • Request for tender announced • Cheapest bid usually
wins • Pay company several $m for licenses • Then another few $m for conﬁguration • By the time it’s up and running, it’s out of date Vendor driven development

@robb1e The Guardian, January 2006 MPs urge inquiry into delay
of £6.2bn ($10bn) NHS software

@robb1e Some marketing genius No one ever got ﬁred for
hiring IBM

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/teessideambulances/5570963359

@robb1e • Software replaces paper-based system • Aims to improve
dispatch time • Keep track of where ambulance (units) are so closest can be sent to location • Big bang release 1992 London Ambulance Dispatch disaster http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Ambulance_Service#System_failures

@robb1e • Multiple units sent to the same address •
No units sent to other addresses • Calls got lost • System became congested 1992 London Ambulance Dispatch disaster http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Ambulance_Service#System_failures

@robb1e Indepentent (newspaper), October 1992 Ambulance chief quits after patients
die in computer failure. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/ambulance-chief-quits-after-patients-die-in-computer-failure-1560111.html

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/wwward0/6572799971

@robb1e Toyota production system (1948)

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/toyotamheurope/8472007819

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/davegray/6354044779

@robb1e • Originally called “Just in time production” • Goals
are all about eliminating waste • Principles are about continuous improvement, people and process Toyota Production System http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Production_System

‘Lean Enterprise’ 2003

@robb1e Extreme Programming (1999)

@robb1e • Coding • Testing • Listening • Designing Activities

@robb1e • Communication • Simplicity • Courage • Feedback •
Respect Values

@robb1e Agile manifesto (2001)

@robb1e Agile manifesto http://agilemanifesto.org/ Individuals and interactions over processes and
tools Working software over comprehensive documentation Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Responding to change over following a plan That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more.

@robb1e http://www.agilemodeling.com/essays/costOfChange.htm

@robb1e • Story writing • Iteration planning • Daily stand-ups
• Customer acceptance • Retrospectives Agile process Agile processes enable customer collaboration and empower the individual

@robb1e Kellan Elliot McCrea, 2012 Change is what you should
be optimizing for. You never know what's coming next.

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/psd/8591351239

@robb1e • Test driven development • Pair programming • Continuous
integration • Automating everything • Continuous refactoring Agile engineering Agile engineering practices promote working software early and enables easier change

process practices #win

@robb1e Lean software development (2003)

@robb1e • Eliminate waste • Amplify learning • Decide as
late as possible • Deliver as fast as possible • Empower the team • Build integrity in • See the whole Lean software development http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_software_development

@robb1e Mary and Tom Poppendieck Think big, act small, fail
fast, learn rapidly

@robb1e Lean startup (2008-2011)

@robb1e • Minimum viable product • Continuous deployment • Split
testing • Actionable metrics • Pivot Lean startup http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_Startup

@robb1e Eric Ries The goal of a lean startup is
to move through the build-measure- learn feedback loop as quickly as possible

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/54459164@N00/8003749394

@robb1e • Acquisition • Activation • Retention • Referral •
Revenue Startup Metrics for pirates

@robb1e Prototyping

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbus_A350_XWB

http://www.bikeradar.com/news/article/specialized-unveils-in-house-wind-tunnel-37363/

http://www.carbodydesign.com/archive/2008/01/29-mercedes-benz-advanced-design-studio-como/

@robb1e You say... Can you build a high ﬁdelity prototype
for a software application?

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/psd/9626226855

http://astridforscreen.wordpress.com/2010/09/05/paper-prototyping/

http://arielwaldman.com/projects/interaction-design/

http://balsamiq.com

@robb1e • easel.io • proto.io • groosoft.com/ blueprint • appcooker.com
• axure.com • pidoco.com Prototyping tools • ﬁnto • ratchet • invision • hotgloo • middleman • Keynote • Powerpoint

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/lﬁttl/6940448421/in/photostream/

@robb1e Design Studio

@robb1e • Sketch 8 ideas in 5 minutes • Pitch
ideas to team • Team critique the ideas • Repeat Design Studio

@robb1e Google Ventures

@robb1e • Day 1: Understand • Day 2: Diverge •
Day 3: Decide • Day 4: Prototype • Day 5: Validate Rapid Prototyping Process

@robb1e • Cross skilled team • Present the business /
concept • Competition analysis • Success metrics • Existing research / analytics • Team interviews Understand

@robb1e • Design studio Diverge

@robb1e • Conﬂict resolution • Best shot or battle royale?
• Create tests for assumptions • Whiteboard the user story Converge

@robb1e • Keynote with Keynotopia • Review • Iterate Prototype

@robb1e • Invite users to come in • Test against
assumptions and conﬂicts • Be nice to the tester • Take lots of notes • Create a scorecard Validate

http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/philhawksworth/5196977902

@robb1e • Dodgeball => Foursquare • MySpace => Facebook •
Rocket Internet Ideas/others can be prototypes too http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodgeball_(service) http://www.rocket-internet.de/ http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-02-29/the-germany-website-copy-machine

@robb1e Beyond prototyping

@robb1e • Features that have hypotheses • Hypotheses that can
be easily validated • Code that is always production ready • Code that is easy to change Goals

@robb1e Most developers Prototypes tend to ﬁnd a way into
production

@robb1e Kent Beck Make it work, make it right, make
it fast

@robb1e Joel Spolsky, 2001 If it’s a core business function
- do it yourself, no matter what.

@robb1e Ron Jeﬀeries, ~2005 Always implement things when you actually
need them, never when you just foresee that you need them

@robb1e Francis Hwang, 2012 The biggest expense for a startup
is your time. Not your laptop, not your hosting bill, not your ofﬁce, but the hours in your day.

@robb1e Paul Hammond, 2012 Hosted services are usually cheaper and
better than anything you will build. Use them.

@robb1e Mary and Tom Poppendieck Think big, act small, fail
fast, learn rapidly

@robb1e Q/A

Prototyping and Agile Development @ Denver Star...

Prototyping and Agile Development @ Denver Startup Week

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