iOSアプリエンジニアのためのAndroidアプリ開発

Presented at Cocoa勉強会関西64 #cocoa_kansai

1. iOSΞϓϦΤϯδχΞͷͨΊͷ
 AndroidΞϓϦ։ൃ
2. cockscomb
3. Hiroki Kato
5. iOSΞϓϦΤϯδχΞͷͨΊͷ
 AndroidΞϓϦ։ൃ
6. iOS Android
7. ։ൃ؀ڥ Xcode iOS Simulator App Store Android Studio Emulator Google Play OSS iOS Android
8. ϓϥοτϑΥʔϜ Mac (OS X) iPhone/iPad (iOS) Car Play Apple Watch (watchOS) Apple TV (tvOS) Phone/Tablet Android Wear Android TV Android Auto iOS Android
9. ։ൃݴޠ Swift Objective-C Java (Kotlin) iOS Android
10. Ϗϧυ xcodebuild ґଘ؅ཧ CocoaPods Carthage gradle iOS Android
11. gradle • Ϗϧυπʔϧ • build.gradleϑΝΠϧ • Android Studio͕αϙʔτ • ίϚϯυϥΠϯ͔Β΋ར༻Ͱ͖Δ Android
12. όʔδϣχϯά iOS 9 iOS 8 Earlier 6.0 (Marshmallow) 5.1 (Lollipop) 5.0 (Lollipop) 4.4 (Kitkat) 4.3 (Jelly Bean) 4.2 (Jelly Bean) 4.1 (Jelly Bean) 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich) Android
13. API Level Version Version Code API Level 6.0 MARSHMALLOW 23 5.1 LOLLIPOP_MR1 22 5.0 LOLLIPOP 21 4.4W KITKAT_WATCH 20 4.4 KITKAT 19 4.3 JELLY_BEAN_MR2 18 4.2 JELLY_BEAN_MR1 17 4.1 JELLY_BEAN 16 4.0.3, 4.0.4 ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH_MR1 15 4.0, 4.0.1, 4.0.2 ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH 14 Android
14. Fragmentation Earlier 9% iOS 8 24% iOS 9 67% Earlier 4.0% Ice Cream Sandwich 3.3% Jelly Bean 29.0% Kitkat 37.8% Lollipop 25.6% Marshmallow 0.3% iOS Android
15. Fragmentation • Support Library • ࠷৽ػೳͷόοΫϙʔτ • Google Play Services • OSͱಠཱͨ͠API Android
16. ΞϓϦͷೖޱ UIApplicationMain Storyboard AndroidManifest.xml iOS Android
17. AndroidManifest <manifest package="info.cockscomb.myapplication"
 xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
 <application
 android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
 android:label="@string/app_name"
 android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
 <activity
 android:name=".MainActivity"
 android:label="@string/app_name"
 android:theme="@style/AppTheme.NoActionBar">
 <intent-filter>
 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
 </intent-filter>
 </activity>
 </application>
 </manifest> Android
18. ը໘ͷߏ੒୯Ґ UIViewController Activity Fragment iOS Android
19. Activity/Fragment • Activity • ը໘ʹͻͱ͚ͭͩ • Fragment • Activityʹ಺แͰ͖Δ Android
20. ϥΠϑαΠΫϧ UIViewController init viewDidLoad viewWillAppear viewDidAppear viewWillDisappear viewDidDisappear deinit Activity onCreate onStart onRestoreInstanceState onResume onPause onSaveInstanceState onStop onDestroy iOS Android
21. Activityͷ࠶ੜ੒ • Activity͸࠶ੜ੒͞ΕΔ • ը໘ͷճసͳͲͷมԽʹىҼ • ঢ়ଶΛࣦΘͳ͍Α͏ʹ࡞Δ • onSaveInstanceState • Parcelable Android
22. ը໘ભҠ showViewController UIStoryboardSegue Intent FragmentTransaction iOS Android
23. Intent • ৽͍͠ActivityΛελʔτͰ͖Δ • γϦΞϥΠζՄೳͳύϥϝʔλ • ଞͷΞϓϦͷActivity΋ελʔτ • ҉໧తͳIntent Android
24. Intent Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
 intent.putExtra("extra_name_key", "cockscomb");
 startActivity(intent); Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,
 Uri.parse("http://example.com"));
 startActivity(intent); Android
25. Ϗϡʔ UIView View ViewGroup iOS Android
26. View/ViewGroup • View • ViewGroup • ViewΛ಺แͰ͖Δ • ಺แͨ͠ViewΛϨΠΞ΢τ͢Δ Android
27. ༷ʑͳϏϡʔ UIView View UILabel/UITextView TextView UITextField/UITextView EditText UIImageView ImageView UIButton Button/ImageButton UIScrollView ScrollView UITableView/UICollectionView RecyclerView UIWebView/WKWebView WebView iOS Android
28. ϨΠΞ΢τϑΝΠϧ Storyboard Nib (Xib) Layout XML iOS Android
29. Layout XML <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:orientation="vertical">
 <EditText
 android:id="@+id/user_name"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:inputType="text"/>
 <EditText
 android:id="@+id/password"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:inputType="textPassword"/>
 <Button
 android:id="@+id/login_button"
 android:text="@string/action_sign_in"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
 </LinearLayout> Android
30. Ϗϡʔͱͷ઀ଓ Target Action @IBAction @IBOutlet android:id OnClickListener Data Binding iOS Android
31. Data Binding Library <layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
 <data>
 <variable name="user" type="com.example.User"/>
 </data>
 <LinearLayout
 android:orientation="vertical"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent">
 <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:text="@{user.firstName}"/>
 <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:text="@{user.lastName}"/>
 </LinearLayout>
 </layout> Android
32. ϨΠΞ΢τͷํ๏ Auto Layout Resizing Mask ViewGroup iOS Android
33. ViewGroup • FrameLayout • LinearLayout • RelativeLayout • GridLayout Android
34. αΠζຖͷ࠷దԽ Size Class Display Scale User Interface Idiom ໋໊نଇ ը໘ີ౓ ີ౓ඇґଘϐΫηϧ iOS Android
35. Ϧιʔεͷ໋໊نଇ • res/layout/login.xml • σϑΥϧτ • res/layout-sw800dp/login.xml • ը໘෯͕800dpҎ্ • R.layout.login Android
36. ը໘ີ౓ • xxxhdpi — 4.0 • xxhdpi — 3.0 • xhdpi — 2.0 • hdpi — 1.5 • mdpi — 1.0 • ldpi — 0.75 Android
37. ୯Ґ • dp (ີ౓ඇґଘϐΫηϧ) • 160dpi • sp (εέʔϧඇґଘϐΫηϧ) • ઃఆ͞ΕͨςΩεταΠζʹൺྫ Android
38. ༷ʑͳϦιʔε Asset Catalog Strings etc. Drawable R.drawable.ic_hamburger Values R.color.darkTextColor R.string.login etc. iOS Android
39. Ϧιʔε • XML΍PNG • छྨຖͷσΟϨΫτϦʹஔ͘ • ϨΠΞ΢τ/ը૾/৭/αΠζ/Ξχϝʔ γϣϯ/ελΠϧ/จࣈྻ/ϝχϡʔ • R.xxx.yyy Android
40. Drawable • BitmapDrawable • RoundedBitmapDrawable • NinePatchDrawable • ShapeDrawable • VectorDrawable • AnimatedVectorDrawable • ColorDrawable • GradientDrawable • LayerDrawable • RippleDrawable • LevelListDrawable • StateListDrawable • AnimationDrawable • ClipDrawable • InsetDrawable • RotateDrawable • ScaleDrawable • PictureDrawable Android
41. ϑΝΠϧΞΫηε NSFileManager Context iOS Android
42. Context • ΞϓϦͱ֎෦؀ڥΛܨ͙ • Ϧιʔεͷऔಘ/ϑΝΠϧΞΫηε • Application/Activity/Service Android
43. Service • ը໘ͱಠཱͨ͠ॲཧ • όοΫάϥ΢ϯυͰಈ࡞Ͱ͖Δ • IntentService Android
44. ετϨʔδ File System Core Data SQLite Keychain Internal Storage External Storage SQLite AccountManager Key Store iOS Android
45. ݖݶ PHPhotoLibrary
 .requestAuthorization(_:) ύʔϛογϣϯ iOS Android
46. ύʔϛογϣϯ • <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> • Runtime Permissions Android
47. ڞ༗ URL Scheme Open In Document Provider Extension Intent File System Content Provider iOS Android
48. ςετ XCTest Unit Testing UI Testing Testing Support Library AndroidJUnitRunner Espresso UI Automator iOS Android
49. iOS Android