.NET Day 2025: Developing ASP.NET Core Microservices with Dapr: A practical guide

Transcript

1. Developing ASP.NET Core Microservices with Dapr Marc Müller Principal Consultant marc.mueller@4tecture.ch @muellermarc www.4tecture.ch
2. About me : Marc Müller Principal Consultant @muellermarc D:\Workspaces\MS\MVP\M Our Products: Multi- Tenant OpenID Enterprise Application Connect Identity Provider Framework for .NET www.proauth.net www.reafx.net
3. Slide Download https://www.4tecture.ch/events/dotnetday2025
4. Agenda Agenda ▪ Intro ▪ Dapr Basics ▪ Hands-On! ▪ Building Blocks ▪ Conclusion
5. Intro Dapr
6. DEMO Fast Food Application
8. ARCHITECTING AND IMPLEMENTING DISTRIBUTED APPLICATIONS IS NOT STRESSFUL AT ALL John, 25 years old
9. Challenges with Distributed Apps Complexity Many services and components Scaling, Orchestration Communication Service-to-service communication HA / Failover Resilience, Security, Tracing Decoupling Events Competing Consumer Pattern Retry / Poisonous message detection State Handling Single state across multiple instances Stateful services Virtual Actors, Workflows Different Target Environments Local dev environment vs. cloud environment Different persistency services
10. dapr.io Portable, event-driven runtime Build connected distributed applications faster APIs for solving distributed application challenges Cloud and Edge
11. Source: https://www.cncf.io/announcements/2024/11/12/cloud-native-computing-foundation-announces-dapr-graduation/ and https://www.cncf.io/projects/dapr/
12. Dapr Building Blocks https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/architecture/dapr-for-net-developers/dapr-at-20000-feet
13. Dapr Building Blocks Abstraction https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/architecture/dapr-for-net-developers/dapr-at-20000-feet
14. Dapr Sidecar Architecture https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/architecture/dapr-for-net-developers/dapr-at-20000-feet
15. Dapr Basics
16. Dapr ▪ dapr.io ▪ Open source ▪ Originated at Microsoft ▪ Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) – graduated maturity level
17. Dapr – High Level Definition ▪ Any language or framework ▪ Portable APIs ▪ Building blocks applying best practices ▪ Use the blocks you need ▪ No big bang framework ▪ Platform agnostic ▪ Extensible and pluggable components
18. Dapr Building Blocks Overview https://dapr.io/
19. Single API - Multiple Components var weatherForecast = await daprClient.GetStateAsync<WeatherForecast>("mystatestore", "ZH"); daprClient.SaveStateAsync("mystatestore", "ZH", weatherForecast); ▪ AWS DynamoDB ▪ Aerospike ▪ Azure Blob Storage ▪ Azure CosmosDB ▪ Azure Table Storage ▪ Cassandra ▪ Cloud Firestore (Datastore mode) ▪ CloudState ▪ Couchbase ▪ Etcd ▪ HashiCorp Consul ▪ Hazelcast ▪ Memcached ▪ MongoDB ▪ PostgreSQL ▪ Redis ▪ RethinkDB ▪ SQL Server ▪ Zookeeper https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/architecture/dapr-for-net-developers/dapr-at-20000-feet
20. The power of side-cars!
21. The Dapr sidecar provides built-in security, resiliency and observability capabilities.
22. Speeds up application development by providing an integrated set of APIs for communication, state, and workflow.
23. Self-hosted Sidecar https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/architecture/dapr-for-net-developers/dapr-at-20000-feet
24. Kubernetes-hosted Sidecar https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/architecture/dapr-for-net-developers/dapr-at-20000-feet
25. Sidecar Performance Considerations ▪ Dapr operation: >= 1 out-of-process network call ▪ Heavily optimized sidecar implementation ▪ gRPC with multiplexing, bidirectional full-duplex, streaming ▪ Overhead should be sub- millisecond https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/architecture/dapr-for-net-developers/dapr-at-20000-feet
26. SDK Overview https://docs.dapr.io/developing-applications/sdks/
27. Runtimes Self-Hosted • Dedicated process next to your application process • Executable or Docker Image Kubernetes • Sidecar container in your pod, uses localhost interface • Usually injected based on attributes Serverless • Integrated in Azure • i.e. Container Apps
28. Dapr in Kubernetes https://docs.dapr.io/operations/hosting/kubernetes/kubernetes-overview/
29. Dapr from development to hosting App Use any language or runtime HTTP/gRPC Host on any cloud or edge infrastructure
30. Dapr components App
31. Hands-on!
32. DEMO Setup
38. Service Invocation and Configuration Dapr Building Blocks
39. Service Invocation ▪ HTTP and gRPC ▪ mTLS (with Dapr Sentry) ▪ Resiliency including retries ▪ Tracing and metrics with observability ▪ Access control (policies) ▪ Namespace scoping ▪ Load balancing (round robin with mDNS) ▪ Pluggable service discovery https://docs.dapr.io/developing-applications/building-blocks/service-invocation/service-invocation-overview/
40. Service Invocation POST http://localhost:3500/v1.0/invoke/checkout/method/order POST http://localhost:5100/order Customer Checkout DNS Name resolution component for service discovery Invoke method mTLS encryption Observability backend
41. DEMO Service Invocation
43. Publish & Subscribe Dapr Building Blocks
44. Publish & Subscribe ▪ Platform-agnostic API to send and receive messages ▪ At-least-once message delivery guarantee ▪ Integration with various message brokers ▪ CloudEvents 1.0 specification ▪ Message content type ▪ Content-based Routing ▪ Dead letter topics ▪ Namespace consumer groups ▪ Scoping topics https://docs.dapr.io/developing-applications/building-blocks/pubsub/pubsub-overview/
45. Competing consumers pattern ▪ Multiple application instances using a single consumer group ▪ Same app id = same consumer group ▪ Dapr delivers each message to only one instance of that application https://docs.dapr.io/developing-applications/building-blocks/pubsub/pubsub-overview/
46. Publish / Subscribe POST http://localhost:3500/v1.0/publish/mybroker/order-messages POST http://localhost:5100/orders Publisher Subscriber Observability backend Message broker Cloudevents
47. Pub/Sub Brokers https://docs.dapr.io/reference/components-reference/supported-pubsub/
48. DEMO PubSub
52. State Management Dapr Building Blocks
53. State Management ▪ Configurable state store behavior (default eventually consistent, last-write-wins concurrency pattern) ▪ Optimistic concurrency with ETag ▪ Time to live (TTL) ▪ State encryption ▪ Querying state https://docs.dapr.io/developing-applications/building-blocks/state-management/state-management-overview/
54. State Stores https://docs.dapr.io/reference/components-reference/supported-state-stores/
55. DEMO State Store
57. Virtual Actors Dapr Building Blocks
58. Actors ▪ Virtual Actor pattern ▪ Stateful, long running objects with identity ▪ Encapsulate state and behavior within a distributed system ▪ Actor state store ▪ Actor timers and reminders https://docs.dapr.io/developing-applications/building-blocks/actors/actors-overview/
59. Actor placement Actor Type Dapr Instances MyActor Partition1 Partition2 OtherActor Partition 2 My App App Instance 1 MyActor A Placement Service POST /v1.0/actors/MyActor/A/method/update App Instance 2 MyActor B Pod 1 Pod 2 MyActor C OtherActor A 1 1 2 3
60. DEMO Virtual Actors
65. Workflows Dapr Building Blocks
66. Workflows ▪ Built-In workflow runtime ▪ Activities execute custom logic ▪ External event waiters ▪ Child Workflows ▪ Durable timers https://docs.dapr.io/developing-applications/building-blocks/workflow/workflow-overview/
67. Workflows the hood
68. DEMO Workflows
71. Secret Management Dapr Building Blocks
72. Secret Management ▪ Access secret stores through generic Dapr API ▪ Secret scoping (limit access) https://docs.dapr.io/developing-applications/building-blocks/secrets/secrets-overview/
73. Observability Dapr Building Blocks
74. Distributed tracing Monitoring tools App label App label App label Message broker Publish Subscribe Service invocation Tracing Tracing Tracing
75. Observability ▪ Distributed tracing ▪ Open Telemetry (OTEL) and Zipkin protocols ▪ Used with service invocation and pub/sub APIs ▪ Sidecar health ▪ App health checks ▪ Unsubscribing Pub/Sub ▪ Stop input binings ▪ Short-circuiting all service-invocation requests https://docs.dapr.io/developing-applications/building-blocks/observability/tracing-overview/
76. Resiliency Dapr Building Blocks
77. Resiliency Resiliency patterns can be applied across Dapr APIs: ▪ Retries ▪ Timeouts ▪ Circuit breakers Declarative and decoupled from application code. Available across all component types, service invocation, and actors. apiVersion: dapr.io/v1alpha1 kind: Resiliency metadata: name: myresiliency scopes: - order-processor spec: policies: retries: retryForever: policy: constant duration: 5s maxRetries: -1 circuitBreakers: simpleCB: maxRequests: 1 timeout: 5s trip: consecutiveFailures >= 5 targets: components: statestore: outbound: retry: retryForever circuitBreaker: simpleCB
78. Conclusion .NET Microservices with Dapr
79. Pros / Cons Advantages ▪ Develop faster ▪ Best practices ▪ Portability ▪ Focus on your logic Disadvantages ▪ Additional hop / network overhead ▪ Common API – less features
80. Conclusion ▪ Suitable for most teams and applications ▪ Base your development on proven best practices ▪ Focus on your application, not on re- inventing the wheel ▪ Ideal, if portability is key (different environments / clouds, local, etc.)
81. Q & A .NET Microservices with Dapr
82. Thank you for your attention! If you have any questions do not hesitate to contact us: 4tecture GmbH Marc Müller Industriestrasse 25 Principal Consultant CH-8604 Volketswil www.4tecture.ch www.powerofdevops.com