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Working With Alternative Build Systems

Gautam Korlam
November 26, 2019

Working With Alternative Build Systems

As a mobile codebase grows, there are new types of challenges developers must tackle. One of the common challenges is the scalability of build systems like Gradle. Uber, Google & Facebook use Buck and Bazel to work with large codebases. In this talk you will learn how these alternative build systems impact both the developer experience and the performance of builds. You will also learn if, when and how you should switch to them for your own codebase.

Gautam Korlam

November 26, 2019
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  1. A language built for builds - Starlark Determinis)c, Herme)c, immutable,

    performant, simple and built with tooling in mind
  2. Bazel and Buck are language and toolchain agnos3c build systems

    that use starlark and are tailored towards large modular codebases
  3. Example android kotlin app1 load("@io_bazel_rules_kotlin//kotlin:kotlin.bzl", "kt_android_library") kt_android_library( name = "lib",

    srcs = glob(["java/com/example/bazel/*.kt"]), custom_package = "com.example.bazel", manifest = "AndroidManifest.xml", resource_files = glob(["res/**"]), visibility = ["//:__pkg__"], deps = [ "@maven//:androidx_appcompat_appcompat", "@maven//:androidx_core_core", "@maven//:androidx_core_core_ktx", "@maven//:androidx_drawerlayout_drawerlayout", "@maven//:androidx_fragment_fragment", "@maven//:androidx_lifecycle_lifecycle_common", "@maven//:androidx_lifecycle_lifecycle_viewmodel", ], ) 1 For more examples, checkout github
  4. Example android kotlin app1 android_binary( name = "app", custom_package =

    "com.example.bazel", manifest = "AndroidManifest.xml", deps = [ ":lib", ], ) 1 For more examples, checkout github
  5. Design differences Gradle Bazel Task Graph Ac,on Graph Lazy if

    configured by task All targets lazy by default Combining different languages in one build is difficult Fully na,ve graph of different languages possible
  6. Combining Languages cc_library( name = "main-jni-lib", srcs = [ "@local_jdk//:jni_header",

    "@local_jdk//:jni_md_header-linux", "Main.cc" ], hdrs = [ "Main.h" ], includes = [ "external/local_jdk/include", "external/local_jdk/include/linux" ], ) cc_binary( name = "libmain-jni.so", deps = [ ":main-jni-lib" ], linkshared = 1, )
  7. Combining Languages java_binary( name = "Main", srcs = [ "Main.java"

    ], main_class = "Main", data = [ ":libmain-jni.so" ], jvm_flags = [ "-Djava.library.path=." ], )
  8. Fool proof extensibility Gradle Bazel Caching is opt-in Caching is

    built in Easy to have side effects Impossible to have side effects Need to understand plugin api and internals Standard Starlark Modifying exis@ng behavior is not straight forward All rules can be wrapped in a macro
  9. Extending using macros2 def kt_android_library(name, exports = [], visibility =

    None, **kwargs): """Creates an Android sandwich library. `srcs`, `deps`, `plugins` are routed to `kt_jvm_library` the other android related attributes are handled by the native `android_library` rule. """ native.android_library( name = name, exports = exports + _kt_android_artifact(name, **kwargs), visibility = visibility, testonly = kwargs.get("testonly", default=0), ) 2 For more details on bazel kotlin rules, checkout github
  10. Extending using macros2 def _kt_android_artifact(name, srcs = [], deps =

    [], plugins = [], **kwargs): """Delegates Android related build attributes to the native rules but uses the Kotlin builder to compile Java and Kotlin srcs. Returns a sequence of labels that wrapping macro should export. """ base_name = name + "_base" kt_name = name + "_kt" base_deps = deps + ["@io_bazel_rules_kotlin//kotlin/internal/jvm:android_sdk"] native.android_library( name = base_name, visibility = ["//visibility:private"], exports = base_deps, **kwargs ) _kt_jvm_library( name = kt_name, srcs = srcs, deps = base_deps + [base_name], plugins = plugins, testonly = kwargs.get("testonly", default=0), visibility = ["//visibility:private"], ) return [base_name, kt_name] 2 For more details on bazel kotlin rules, checkout github
  11. Organiza(onal Gradle Bazel Popular standard for Java/Kotlin Any Language or

    pla8orm, including iOS Android developers know it already Android developers can build iOS or backend Follow Android plugin updates Local control over when updates happen Supported by Google and usable out of the box Requires resourcing
  12. Shared infrastructure for all All languages are on equal foo.ng

    All targets can be remotely built and cached All pla&orms can share common code like models