Docker, Olomouc, 30.11.2017

Transcript

1. Docker Ondrej Sika ondrej@ondrejsika.com, @ondrejsika CZ JUG Olomouc, Olomouc, 30. 11. 2017
2. https://sika.link/docker-17-11-30
3. Agenda - Why Docker - What is Docker - Why Docker - Where can use Docker - Features - Practise - Containers - Images - Composites - Swarm
4. Why Docker?
5. Why Docker? - Simplify development, testing, production and make it faster - Save time & money - Save resources - Run on every platform - Easy to use - Large (& growing) community - Open Source (Docker CE)
6. Where I can use Docker? - Development - Testing - Production - Distribution
7. Docker in Development - Quick setup - Requiremensts (DB, cache, …) - Defined environment - Platform independent
8. Docker in Testing - Deterministic tests & builds - CI ready (Gitlab CI, Travis CI) - Fast test setup & cleanup - Test exact same code and environment which 'll run in production
9. Docker in Production - Easy setup of host - only Docker needed - Simple deployment - Simple scaling - Native cluster (Swarm) - Works with - Kubernetes - Openstack - Amazon Container Registry
10. SW Distribution with Docker - Provide single image or composite - No client environment requirements (just Docker)
11. What is Docker?
12. What is Docker? Docker is an open-source project that automates the deployment of applications inside software containers. ... Docker containers wrap up a piece of software in a complete filesystem that contains everything it needs to run: code, runtime, system tools, system libraries – anything you can install on a server.
13. Virtualization vs Containers
14. Virtualization A VM is an abstraction of physical hardware. Each VM has a full server hardware stack from virtualized BIOS to virtualized network adapters, storage, and CPU. That stack allows run any OS on your host but it takes some power.
15. Containers Containers are abstraction in linux kernel, just proces, memory, network, … namespaces. Containers run in same kernel as host - it is not possible use different OS or kernel version, but containers are much more faster than VMs.
16. Advantages - Performance - Management - Containers distribution
17. Disadvantages - Security - One kernel / "Linux only"
18. Image and Container An image is an inert, immutable, file that's essentially a snapshot of a container. Images are created with the build command, and they'll produce a container when started with run. Images are stored in a Docker registry..
19. Toolchain - Docker - Build & Run single container - Docker Registry - Store images - Docker Compose - Build & Run multi-container applications - Docker Swarm - Native cluster
20. Questions?
21. Use Docker!
22. Installation
23. https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/
24. Test the installation docker run hello-world ... Hello from Docker! This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
25. Basic Usage
26. Help docker docker help docker help <command> # eg. docker help run, docker help help
27. Docker Images docker image ls # list all images docker image rm <tag> # remove image
28. Docker Run docker run <image> <command> # Eg.: docker run hello-world docker run debian date docker run -ti debian
29. Common Docker Run Params --name <name> -d - run as daemon -ti - map TTY a STDIN (for bash eg.) -e <variable>=<value> - set ENV variable -h <hostname> - set hostname -u <user> - run command by specific user
30. Containers docker ps # list containers docker start <container> docker stop <container> docker restart <container> docker logs <container> # show output docker rm <container> # remove container
31. Docker Exec docker exec <container> <command> -d - run command as daemon -e <variable>=<value> - set ENV variable -ti - map TTY a STDIN (for bash eg.) -u <user> - run command by specific user # Eg.: docker exec my-debian ls
32. Docker Volumes Volumes are persistent data storage for containers. Volumes can be shared between containers and data are write directly to host.
33. Volumes docker run -ti -v /data debian docker run -ti -v my-volume:/data debian docker run -ti -v $(pwd)/my-data:/data debian
34. Port Forwarding Docker can forward specific port from container to host
35. Port forwarding docker run -ti -p 8080:80 nginx
36. Own Images
37. .dockerignore Ignore files for docker build process. Similar to .gitignore
38. .dockerignore .git .idea build/* # comment
39. Dockerfile Dockerfile is preferred way to create images. Dockerfile defines each layer of image by some command. To make image use command docker build
40. Dockerfile FROM <image> - define base image MAINTAINER <maintainer> - set maintainers name & email RUN <command> - run command and save as layer COPY <local path> <container path> - copy file or directory to image layer ADD <source> <container path> - instead of copy, archives added by add are extracted
41. Dockerfile ENV <variable> <value> - set ENV variable USER <user> - switch user WORKDIR <path> - change working directory VOLUME <path> - define volume ENTRYPOINT <command> - command, run on container starts CMD <command> - parameters for entrypoint
42. Build Image from Dockerfile docker build <path> -t <image> docker build <path> -f <dockerfile> -t <image> docker tag <source image> <target image>
43. Example
44. app.py from flask import Flask from redis import Redis app = Flask(__name__) redis = Redis('redis') hostname = os.environ['HOSTNAME'] @app.route("/") def index(): counter = redis.incr('counter') return "%s %d\n" % (hostname, counter) if __name__ == "__main__": app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port='80')
45. requirements.txt flask redis
46. Dockerfile FROM python:2.7-alpine WORKDIR /app COPY requirements.txt /app/ RUN pip install -r requirements.txt COPY . /app EXPOSE 80 CMD ["python", "app.py"]
47. Build & Run docker run redis:alpine docker build -t counter . docker run -p 8000:80 --link redis counter
48. Docker Registry
49. What is Docker Registry? A service responsible for hosting and distributing images. The default registry is the Docker Hub. GitLab contains Docker Registry from version 8.
50. What is Docker Hub? Docker Hub is default public docker registry. You can host unlimited free images. Docker Hub is source of our base images.
51. Docker registry docker login - Login to Docker Registry docker logout - Logout from Docker Registry docker pull <image> - download image from registry docker push <image> - upload image to registry
52. Run own registry docker run -d -p 5000:5000 \ --restart=always --name registry \ registry:2 More at: https://docs.docker.com/registry/deploying/
53. Docker Compose
54. What is Docker Compose? Compose is a tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications. With Compose, you use a Compose file to configure your application's services.
55. Install Docker Compose
56. https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/ https://docs.docker.com/compose/completion/
57. Compose File A docker-compose.yml file is a YAML file that defines how Docker containers should behave in production.
58. Example Compose File version: '3' services: web: build: . ports: - "5000:5000" redis: image: "redis:alpine"
59. https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/
60. Service Service is a container running and managed by Docker Compose.
61. Build services: app: build: . services: app: build: context: ./app dockerfile: Dockerfile-prod image: myapp
62. Image services: app: image: redis:alpine
63. Expose & Port forwarding services: app: expose: - 80 - 3333 ports: - 8000:80
64. Volumes services: app: volumes: - /data1 - data:/data2 - ./data:/data3
65. Command, Entrypoint services: app: entrypoint: 'python app.py' command: '80' services: app: entrypoint: ["python", "app.py"] command: ["80"]
66. Deploy services: app: deploy: placement: constraints: [node.role == manager] services: app: deploy: mode: replicated replicas: 4
67. Compose Commands
68. Run Compose docker-compose up docker-compose up -d # Missing images will be downloaded or builded
69. Manage Compose docker-compose logs [-f] [<service>] docker-compose start [<service>] docker-compose stop [<service>] docker-compose restart [<service>] docker-compose kill [<service>]
70. Remove Compose docker-compose down # stop and remove compose
71. Example
72. docker-compose.yml version: '3' services: counter: build: . image: counter ports: - 8000:80 redis: image: redis:alpine
73. Build & Run docker-compose up
74. Docker Swarm
75. What is Docker Swarm? A native clustering system for Docker. It turns a pool of Docker hosts into a single, virtual host using an API proxy system. It is Docker's first container orchestration project that began in 2014. Combined with Docker Compose, it's a very convenient tool to manage containers.
76. Create a Swarm
77. Initialize Swarm docker swarm init --advertise-addr <manager_ip> # Eg.: docker swarm init --advertise-addr 192.168.99.100
78. Add Worker to Swarm docker swarm join --token <token> <manager_ip>:2377 # Eg.: docker swarm join \ --token SWMTKN-1-49nj1cmql0...acrr2e7c \ 192.168.99.100:2377
79. Manage Swarm
80. Manage Swarm Nodes docker node ls - list nodes docker node rm <node> - remove node from swarm docker node inspect <node> docker node ps [<node>]- list swarm task docker node update ARGS <node>
81. Docker Swarm New Way
82. Enable experimental mode # Run on all docker hosts sudo sh -c "echo '{\"experimental\": true}' > /etc/docker/daemon.json" sudo /etc/init.d/docker restart
83. Update docker-compose.yml version: '3' services: counter: build: . image: reg.istry.cz/counter ports: - 8000:80 redis: image: redis:alpine
84. Deploy App to Swarm # build docker-compose build # push to registry (reg.istry.cz) docker-compose push # deploy docker deploy --compose-file docker-compose.yml app
85. Test App # on host run curl `docker-machine ip manager` curl `docker-machine ip worker1`
86. Want more...
87. skoleni-docker.cz
88. skoleni-docker.cz I do: - inhouse training - open courses for individuals - i can do the course in Olomouc, if there 'll be demand Pristi termin workshopu: - 29. - 30. 1. 2018
89. Thank you & Questions Ondrej Sika email: ondrej@ondrejsika.com twitter: @ondrejsika linkedin: /in/ondrejsika/ https://sika.link/docker-17-11-30 (slides & code) https://skoleni-docker.cz