What's new in Ruby on Rails 5.2

Active Storage / Current attributes / Encrypted configuration

Transcript

1. What’s new in
 Ruby on Rails 5.2 @ryohashimoto
2. Rails 5.2ʹೖΓͦ͏ͳ৽ػೳ • Current attributes • Encrypted configuration • Active Storage
3. Current attributes • Current͸ϦΫΤετͷલޙͰϦηοτ͞ΕΔ ม਺ • ֤ϦΫΤετͰڞ௨ͳॲཧͷ݁ՌΛ୅ೖ͢Δͷ ʹ࢖༻ • ྫʣϩάΠϯதͷϢʔβʔ৘ใΛೖΕΔ
 ʢCurrent.user / Current.user_agentʣ
4. module Authentication extend ActiveSupport::Concern included do before_action :authenticate end private def authenticate if authenticated_user = User.find_by(id: cookies.encrypted[:user_id]) Current.user = authenticated_user else redirect_to new_session_url end end end
5. module SetCurrentRequestDetails extend ActiveSupport::Concern included do before_action do Current.request_id = request.uuid Current.user_agent = request.user_agent Current.ip_address = request.ip end end end class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base include Authentication include SetCurrentRequestDetails end
6. Encrypted configuration
 (config/credentials.yml.enc) • ػີ৘ใΛ1ͭͷϑΝΠϧ಺ʹ҉߸Խͯ֨͠ೲ • config/secrets.yml, SECRET_BASE_KEYΛγϯ ϓϧʹஔ͖׵͑Δ΋ͷ • ؀ڥม਺ RAILS_MASTER_KEY Ͱ෮߸ԽͰ͖Δ • rails credentials:edit ͰฤूΛߦ͏
7. config/credentials.yml.encͷத਎ # aws: # access_key_id: 123 # secret_access_key: 345 # Used as the base secret for all MessageVerifiers in Rails, including the one protecting cookies. secret_key_base: b4e08f4b6314eaab0d52c5cafcf51f6c38f0160d82c05bae2007d d9fb08f3efec68fca32a0ec473a653a84259b461165443b17c15e 5666b3924c3afc78730e9c
8. Active Storage • Ϋϥ΢υʹϑΝΠϧΛΞοϓϩʔυ͕Մೳ (Amazon S3, Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure) • ϞσϧʹΫϥ΢υ্ͷϑΝΠϧΛؔ࿈͚ͮ • Railsαʔόʔ͔Β΋JavascriptΫϥΠΞϯτ͔Β ΋Ξοϓϩʔυ͕Մೳ • ը૾ͷม׵ॲཧ΋ՄೳʢMiniMagickʣ
9. طଘͷΞοϓϩʔυGemͱͷҧ͍ • ֤ϞσϧʹΞοϓϩʔυ͢ΔϑΝΠϧͷ৘ใΛ ࣋ͨͳ͍ʢϑΝΠϧͱͷඥ෇͚ʹதؒςʔϒϧ Λར༻ʣ • RailsͷPolymorphicؔ࿈ɺMountable Engineɺ Active JobͳͲΛ׆͔ͯ͠࡞ΒΕ͍ͯΔ • μΠϨΫτΞοϓϩʔυ͕Մೳ
10. Active StorageΛ࢖༻͢Δʹ͸ • Rails 5.2Ͱ͸Gemͷ௥Ճ͸ෆཁ rails active_storage:install rails db:migrate ্هͰBlob / AttachmentϞσϧͰ࢖༻͢Δςʔ ϒϧ͕DB্ʹ࡞੒͞ΕΔ
11. Blob / AttachmentϞσϧ • Blob • ϑΝΠϧ৘ใʢContent-TypeɺαΠζɺࣝผ༻ ͷkey΍ϝλσʔλͳͲʣΛ֨ೲ • Attachment • ϑΝΠϧͱଞͷϞσϧͱͷؔ࿈͚ͮ༻ͷ
 தؒςʔϒϧ
12. Migrations (1) Blob class CreateActiveStorageTables < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.2] def change create_table :active_storage_blobs do |t| t.string :key, null: false t.string :filename, null: false t.string :content_type t.text :metadata t.bigint :byte_size, null: false t.string :checksum, null: false t.datetime :created_at, null: false t.index [ :key ], unique: true end ... end end
13. Migrations (2) Attachment class CreateActiveStorageTables < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.2] def change ... create_table :active_storage_attachments do |t| t.string :name, null: false t.references :record, null: false, polymorphic: true, index: false t.references :blob, null: false t.datetime :created_at, null: false t.index [:record_type, :record_id, :name, :blob_id], name: "index_active_storage_attachments_uniqueness", unique: true end end end
14. Blob / Attachmentͱͷؔ࿈ Article (Record) Attachment Blob class Article < ActiveRecord::Base has_many_attached :images class ActiveRecord::Attachment < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :record, polymorphic: true belongs_to :blob class ActiveRecord::Blob < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :attachments
15. has_many_attached class Article < ActiveRecord::Base has_many_attached :images # ಺෦తʹ͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ has_many :images_attachments, -> { where(name: images) }, as: :record has_many :images_blobs, through: :images_attachments, class_name: "ActiveStorage::Blob", source: :blob
16. ը૾ϑΝΠϧͷૹ৴ͱදࣔ • View (ϑΥʔϜ) <%= form.file_field :avatar %> • Controller @user.attach(params[:user][:avatar]) • View (දࣔʣ <%= image_tag url_for(@user.avatar) %>
17. ࣮ࡍʹ࢖ͬͯΈ·ͨ͠
18. Amazon S3Ͱ࢖͏ʹ͸ • gem 'aws-sdk-s3' • config.active_storage.service = :amazon • ֤؀ڥຖʹઃఆ • config/storage.ymlͰAWSʹΞΫηεͰ͖Δ ػີ৘ใʢΛಡΈࠐΉํ๏ʣΛࢦఆ
19. config/storage.yml test: service: Disk root: <%= Rails.root.join("tmp/storage") %> local: service: Disk root: <%= Rails.root.join("storage") %> # Use rails credentials:edit to set the AWS secrets (as aws:access_key_id|secret_access_key) amazon: service: S3 access_key_id: <%= Rails.application.credentials.dig(:aws, :access_key_id) %> secret_access_key: <%= Rails.application.credentials.dig(:aws, :secret_access_key) %> region: us-east-1 bucket: your_own_bucket
20. ࣮ࡍʹ࢖ͬͯΈ·ͨ͠
21. μΠϨΫτΞοϓϩʔυ • ϒϥ΢βʢJavaScriptΫϥΠΞϯτʣ͔Β௚઀ Ϋϥ΢υʹΞοϓϩʔυͰ͖Δ • Webαʔόʔ΍ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯαʔόʔʹհ ͞ͳ͍ʢෛ୲Λ͔͚ͳ͍ʣͷͰɺߴ଎ • HerokuͳͲΞϓϦέʔγϣϯαʔόͷσΟεΫ ༰ྔ͕খ͍͞৔߹ʹ΋࢖༻Ͱ͖Δ
22. μΠϨΫτΞοϓϩʔυΛ࢖͏ʹ͸ • activestorage.jsΛ૊ΈࠐΉ • Asset PipelineͰ࢖༻͢Δ৔߹ʢnpm΋͋Δʣ
 //= require activestorage • ϑΥʔϜϔϧύͰdirect_upload: trueΛࢦఆ͢Δ <%= form.file_field :avatar, direct_upload: true %>
23. ΍ͬͯΈ͚ͨͲಈ͔ͳ͔ͬͨ • S3ʹΞοϓϩʔυ͸੒ޭ͍ͯ͠Δ
24. ·ͱΊ (1) • Current Attributes • ֤ϦΫΤετͰڞ௨ͳॲཧͷ݁ՌΛೖΕΔ͜ ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • Encrypted configuration • ҉߸Խͨ͠1ͭͷϑΝΠϧʹػີ৘ใΛอଘ͢ Δ
25. ·ͱΊ (2) • Active Storage • Rails 5.2ͰGemͷ௥Ճͳ͘࢖͑ΔϑΝΠϧ Ξοϓϩʔυػೳ • ݱ࣌఺Ͱ΋ϩʔΧϧͰͷ։ൃɺAmazon S3 ΁ͷΞοϓϩʔυ͸Մೳ