root of the word “Governor” • Container orchestrator • Runs containers • Supports multiple cloud and bare-metal environments • Inspired and informed by Google’s experiences and internal systems • Open source, written in Go Manage applications, not machines
is private IP Pods can reach each other without NAT • even across nodes No brokering of port numbers This is a fundamental requirement • several SDN solutions Inter-Pods Networking
3 europe-west1-b Cluster 4 asia-east1-b API API API API Cluster 2 - us-central1-b Federation API Server Federation Controller Federation Key/value store (etcd) Federation API contexts: - context: cluster: federation-cluster user: federation-cluster Initialize Federation Control Plane kubefed init my-federation --host-cluster-context=cluster-2 ...
"closest" healthy cluster. Standard Kubernetes service load balancing within each cluster. Can be extended to divert traffic away from "healthy-but-saturated" clusters. Cross-cluster Load Balancing
run my replicas in the same failure domain (host/rack/zone) Topology • Same host • Same rack • Same zone • Same metro region • Same sub-continent Absolute affinity