Upgrade to Pro
— share decks privately, control downloads, hide ads and more …
Speaker Deck
Features
Speaker Deck
PRO
Sign in
Sign up for free
Search
Search
Your CSS is a Mess from Rustbelt Refresh
Search
snookca
May 03, 2013
Programming
4
230
Your CSS is a Mess from Rustbelt Refresh
As presented at Rustbelt Refresh 2013 in Cleveland, OH.
snookca
May 03, 2013
Tweet
Share
More Decks by snookca
See All by snookca
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
0
1.6k
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
4
920
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
0
140
Responsive Web Applications with Container Queries
snookca
3
640
Responsive Web Applications
snookca
0
89
The Future is In Pieces
snookca
1
150
Becoming a Deep Generalist
snookca
1
480
Your CSS is a Mess from ShropGeek's Revolution Conf
snookca
4
170
Your CSS is a Mess from SmartWeb
snookca
0
220
Other Decks in Programming
See All in Programming
Kaigi on Rails 2024 〜運営の裏側〜
krpk1900
1
230
OnlineTestConf: Test Automation Friend or Foe
maaretp
0
110
型付き API リクエストを実現するいくつかの手法とその選択 / Typed API Request
euxn23
8
2.2k
Click-free releases & the making of a CLI app
oheyadam
2
120
Quine, Polyglot, 良いコード
qnighy
4
650
ヤプリ新卒SREの オンボーディング
masaki12
0
130
ピラミッド、アイスクリームコーン、SMURF: 自動テストの最適バランスを求めて / Pyramid Ice-Cream-Cone and SMURF
twada
PRO
10
1.3k
OSSで起業してもうすぐ10年 / Open Source Conference 2024 Shimane
furukawayasuto
0
110
受け取る人から提供する人になるということ
little_rubyist
0
240
ローコードSaaSのUXを向上させるためのTypeScript
taro28
1
630
見せてあげますよ、「本物のLaravel批判」ってやつを。
77web
7
7.8k
Nurturing OpenJDK distribution: Eclipse Temurin Success History and plan
ivargrimstad
0
940
Featured
See All Featured
Being A Developer After 40
akosma
87
590k
The Power of CSS Pseudo Elements
geoffreycrofte
73
5.3k
Design and Strategy: How to Deal with People Who Don’t "Get" Design
morganepeng
126
18k
Build The Right Thing And Hit Your Dates
maggiecrowley
33
2.4k
A better future with KSS
kneath
238
17k
CoffeeScript is Beautiful & I Never Want to Write Plain JavaScript Again
sstephenson
159
15k
Producing Creativity
orderedlist
PRO
341
39k
The Success of Rails: Ensuring Growth for the Next 100 Years
eileencodes
44
6.8k
Designing the Hi-DPI Web
ddemaree
280
34k
Raft: Consensus for Rubyists
vanstee
136
6.6k
Let's Do A Bunch of Simple Stuff to Make Websites Faster
chriscoyier
506
140k
Adopting Sorbet at Scale
ufuk
73
9.1k
Transcript
YOUR CSS IS A MESS
None
None
None
1 person.
None
4 designers.
5 developers.
1 team.
1 project.
None
30 designers.
None
200 engineers.
5 prototypers.
multiple teams.
multiple projects.
CSS is easy.
None
None
li { }
oat: left padding: 3px 50px; margin: 0;
.block { display:block !important; } .inline { display:inline !important; }
.hide { display:none !important; } .s-none { margin:0 !important; } .s { margin:10px !important; } .ss { margin:20px !important; } .sr { margin-right:10px !important; } .p-none { padding:0 !important; } .p { padding:10px !important; } .pp { padding:20px !important; } .pt { padding-top:10px !important; } .w-auto { width:auto !important; }
None
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar {} .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status,
#blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 a { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 .sep {}
.layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar {} .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status,
#blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 a { } .layout_1_2 #blogList .pageitem .statusBar .status .status1 .sep {}
#comments .comment .meta .authorname {} #comments .comment .meta .commentnumber a
{}
#comments .comment .meta .authorname {} #comments .comment .meta .commentnumber a
{}
#nav-header ul li { float: left; ... } #nav-content ul
li { float: left; ... }
/* ======== SECTION: STYLE VARIABLES ======== */ $icon_sprite:url('icon-sprite.png') no-repeat; $black_header_height:40px;
$content_header_height:66px; $container_width:994px; $sidebar_width:158px; $page_width: $container_width - $sidebar_width - 20px; $outer_page_width: $container_width - $sidebar_width; /* ======== END SECTION: STYLE VARIABLES ======== */ /* ======== SECTION: 4.0. SCSS MIXINS ======== */ /* 4.2. Transitions */ @mixin transition($properties:all,$timing:0.3s,$transition:ease-in-out,$delay:0.0s) { -o- transition: $properties $timing $transition $delay; -webkit-transition: $properties $timi $transition $delay; -moz-transition: $properties $timing $transition $delay; } /* 4.3. Box Shadows */ @mixin box-shadow($s1) { -webkit-box-shadow:$s1; -moz-box-shadow:$s1; box-shadow:$s1; } @mixin double-box-shadow($s1,$s2:0 0 0 rgba(0,0,0,0)) { -webkit-box-shadow:$s1,$s2; -moz- shadow:$s1,$s2; box-shadow:$s1,$s2; } /* 4.4. Rounded Corners */ @mixin rounded($px:3px) { -webkit-border-radius:$px; -moz-border-radius:$px; border-radiu $px; } /* 4.5. Border Radius */ @mixin border-radius($tr,$tl,$br,$bl) { -moz-border-radius:$tr $tl $br $bl; -webkit-borde radius:$tr $tl $br $bl; border-radius:$tr $tl $br $bl; } /* 4.6. Gradients */ @mixin gradient($color1, $color2) { background-color:$color1; background-image:-o-linear- gradient($color2, $color1); background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear,left bottom,left top,color-stop(0, $color1),color-stop(1, $color2)); background-image: -moz-linear-
None
None
Scalable and Modular Architecture for CSS
SMACSS
3 Considerations
3 Categorization Naming Convention Decouple HTML/CSS
1 Categorization
Categorization • Base • Layout • Module • State •
Theme
Base
html { background-color: #FFF; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;
} body { margin: 0; padding: 0; } h1, h2, h3 { margin: 1em 0; }
Layout
None
Sidebar Content Header Footer
None
Sidebar Content Header
None
None
Module
Customized List Button Tabs
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
Sub-modules
Large Search Dark Small
None
None
Sub-components
None
None
State
Active State Default State Disabled State Default State
Theme
None
None
None
Have your CSS (and HTML)... Do one thing and one
thing only
http://snk.ms/1r The Single Responsibility Theory
<div class="grid"> <div class="col module">...</div> </div>
.grid {} .col { float:left; } .col:nth-child(2n) { clear:left; }
.module { display:inline-block; }
<div class="grid"> <div class="col"> <div class="module">...</div> </div> </div>
<ul class="grid"> <li class="module">...</li> </ul>
.grid {} .grid > li { float:left; } .grid >
li:nth-child(2n) { clear:left; } .module { display:inline-block; }
<ul class="grid"> <li> <div class="module">...</div> </li> </ul>
<ul class="grid"> <li> {{item}} </li> </ul>
<li class="module">...</li> <div class="module">...</div>
Categorization is about Isolation
2 Naming Convention
None
Naming Convention Naming convention clari es intent
Use Class over ID Don’t use a grenade to dig
a hole when a shovel will do.
Specificity Inline ID Class (pseudo-classes and attribute selectors) Element (pseudo-
elements) style="..." #article .article :hover [attr=val] a : rst-child
Specificity Inline ID Class (pseudo-classes and attribute selectors) Element (pseudo-
elements) style="..." #article .article :hover [attr=val] a : rst-child
a { color: #039; } .subdued { color: #666; }
#cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
None
a { color: #039; } .subdued { color: #666 !important;
} #cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
Specificity Buster! !important
Specificity Buster! !important
a { color: #039; } .subdued, #cancel.subdued { color: #666;
} #cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
a { color: #039; } .subdued { color: #666; }
.cancel { color: #900; } <a href="...">Link</a> <a href="..." class="subdued">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="cancel">Link</a> <a href="..." id="cancel" class="subdued">Link</a>
.btn {} .btn-large {} .btn-small {} .btn-default {} .btn-search {}
.btn {} .is-btn-active {} .is-btn-disabled {}
.theme-header {} .theme-border {} .theme-background {}
.text-plus1 {} .text-minus1 {}
.modulename .modulename-submodule .modulename-subcomponent No hyphens Always a root node No
hyphens No difference from submodule
.module-name .module-name--submodule .module-name__subcomponent allows for hyphens Always a root node
Alternatives underscores hyphens
.moduleName .moduleName-subModule .moduleName--subComponent camelCase Alternatives double hyphen single hyphen
Naming Convention • Pick a system that works for you
and your team • Be consistent • Consider: • Root node • Sub-modules • Sub-components
3 Decoupling CSS from HTML
.nav { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .nav
li { float: left; } .nav li a { display: block; padding: 5px 10px; background-color: blue; }
<ul class="nav"> <li><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/products">Products</a></li> <li><a href="/contact">Contact Us</a></li> </ul>
<ul class="nav"> <li><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/products">Products</a> <ul> <li><a href="/products/shoes">Shoes</a></li> <li><a
href="/products/jackets">Jackets</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/contact">Contact Us</a></li> </ul>
.nav ul { margin: 0; padding:0; list-style:none; } .nav li
li { float: none; } .nav li li a { padding: 2px; background-color: red; }
.nav { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; } .nav
> li { float: left; } .nav > li > a { display: block; padding: 5px 10px; background-color: blue; }
.menu { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none } .menu
> li > a { display: block; padding: 2px; background-color: red; }
Please. Use child selectors
<div class="box"> <h2>Sites I Like</h2> <ul> <li><a href="http://smashingconf.com/">Smashing!</a></li> <li><a href="http://smacss.com/">SMACSS</a></li>
</ul> </div>
.box { border: 1px solid #333; } .box h2 {
margin: 0; padding: 5px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #333; background-color: #CCC; } .box ul { margin: 10px; }
<div class="box"> <h2>Sites I Like</h2> <ul> <li><a href="http://smashingconf.com/">Smashing!</a></li> <li><a href="http://smacss.com/">SMACSS</a></li>
</ul> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>About Us</h2> <p>The Fancy Pants Company is all about fancy pants.</p> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>Sponsored By</h2> <div><img src="http://example.com/img.png" alt="..."></div> </div>
.box { border: 1px solid #333; } .box h2 {
margin: 0; padding: 5px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #333; background-color: #CCC; } .box ul, .box p, .box div { margin: 10px; }
.box { border: 1px solid #333; } .box h2 {
margin: 0; padding: 5px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #333; background-color: #CCC; } .box-body { margin: 10px; }
<div class="box"> <h2>Sites I Like</h2> <ul class="box-body"> <li><a href="http://smashingconf.com/">Smashing!</a></li> <li><a
href="http://smacss.com/">SMACSS</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>About Us</h2> <p class="box-body">The Fancy Pants Company is all about fancy pants.</p> </div> <div class="box"> <h2>Sponsored By</h2> <div class="box-body"><img src="..." alt="..."></div> </div>
when the HTML can’t or won’t be predictable Apply a
class
What does it mean?
Shift your thinking
Don’t code CSS for the page. Code it for the
system.
State-based Design
State-based Design • A layout or module style • Sub-modules
• JavaScript-driven states • Pseudo-class states • Media query states
CSS Panic http://snk.ms/15
.enemys { z-index:3; position:absolute; top:0px; left:0; width:49px; height:93px; display:block; -webkit-appearance:
button; -moz-appearance: button; background-position:0px 0px; background-repeat:no-repeat; -webkit-animation-iteration-count:infinite cursor:pointer; opacity:0.9; border:none;
.enemys { z-index:3; position:absolute; top:0px; left:0; width:49px; height:93px; display:block; -webkit-appearance:
button; -moz-appearance: button; background-position:0px 0px; background-repeat:no-repeat; -webkit-animation-iteration-count:infinite cursor:pointer; opacity:0.9; border:none;
.enemys:checked{ overflow:hidden; -webkit-animation-name: none; -webkit-pointer-events: none; pointer-events: none; opacity:0; }
.enemys:checked{ overflow:hidden; -webkit-animation-name: none; -webkit-pointer-events: none; pointer-events: none; opacity:0; }
3 Categorization Naming Convention Decouple HTML/CSS