Introduction to Chef - Scale 10x

Transcript

1. Introduction to Chef for SCALE 10x someara@opscode.com www.opscode.com @someara Thursday, January 19, 2012
2. Thursday, January 19, 2012
3. • U has a cloud • Now what? http://www.flickr.com/photos/ian_munroe/4758240536/ Congratulations!!! Thursday, January 19, 2012
4. APIs are awesome • You can provision compute resources in seconds • You can provision storage resources in seconds • That’s cool. http://www.flickr.com/photos/jdhancock/3634246981/ Thursday, January 19, 2012
5. Chef can help with that • knife ec2 server create • knife rackspace server create • knife terremark server create • knife voxel server create • knife gandi server create • knife cloudstack server create • knife vsphere server create • knife eucalyptus server create • knife openstack server create http://www.flickr.com/photos/kyz/3122499444/ Thursday, January 19, 2012
6. But then what? http://www.flickr.com/photos/doctorow/2698336843 Thursday, January 19, 2012
7. You need to configure them Thursday, January 19, 2012
8. Applications http://www.flickr.com/photos/steffenz/337700069/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/kky/704056791/ Thursday, January 19, 2012
9. http://www.flickr.com/photos/sbh/462754460/ Infrastructure Thursday, January 19, 2012
10. Collection of Resources • Nodes • Networking • Files • Directories • Symlinks • Mounts • Routes • Users • Groups • Tasks • Packages • Software • Services • Configurations • Stuff http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevekeys/3123167585/ Thursday, January 19, 2012
11. Acting in concert http://www.flickr.com/photos/glowjangles/4081048126/ Thursday, January 19, 2012
12. http://www.flickr.com/photos/28309157@N08/3743455858/ To provide a Service Thursday, January 19, 2012
13. http://www.flickr.com/photos/16339684@N00/2681435235/ And it evolves Thursday, January 19, 2012
14. Application See Node Thursday, January 19, 2012
15. Application Application Database See Nodes Thursday, January 19, 2012
16. Application App Databases See Nodes Grow Thursday, January 19, 2012
17. App Servers App Databases See Nodes Grow Thursday, January 19, 2012
18. App LB App Servers App Databases See Nodes Grow Thursday, January 19, 2012
19. App LBs App Servers App Databases See Nodes Grow Thursday, January 19, 2012
20. App LBs App Servers App DB Cache App DBs See Nodes Grow Thursday, January 19, 2012
21. App LBs App Servers App DB Cache App DBs Stitched together with configs Thursday, January 19, 2012
22. App LB App Servers App DB Cache App DBs Floating IP? Your Infrastructure is a snow flake Thursday, January 19, 2012
23. App LBs App Servers NoSQL DB slaves Cache DB Cache DBs Complexity increases quickly Thursday, January 19, 2012
24. Complexity increases very quickly DC1 DC3 DC2 Thursday, January 19, 2012
25. Configuration Management http://www.flickr.com/photos/philliecasablanca/3354734116/ Thursday, January 19, 2012
26. Golden Images are not the answer • Gold is heavy • Hard to transport • Hard to mold • Easy to lose configuration detail http://www.flickr.com/photos/garysoup/2977173063/ Thursday, January 19, 2012
27. Jboss App Memcache Postgres Slaves Postgres Master Typical Boring Infrastructure Nagios Graphite Thursday, January 19, 2012
28. Jboss App Memcache Postgres Slaves Postgres Master New Compliance Mandate Nagios Graphite • Move SSH off port 22 • Lets put it on 2022 Thursday, January 19, 2012
29. Jboss App Memcache Postgres Slaves Postgres Master 6 Golden Image Updates Nagios Graphite • edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config 1 2 3 4 5 6 Thursday, January 19, 2012
30. Jboss App Memcache Postgres Slaves Postgres Master 12 Instance Replacements Nagios Graphite • Delete, launch 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 • Repeat • Typically manually Thursday, January 19, 2012
31. Done in Maintenance Windows • Don’t break anything! • Bob just got fired =( 5 Jboss App Memcache Postgres Slaves Postgres Master Nagios Graphite 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 Thursday, January 19, 2012
32. Jboss App Memcache Postgres Slaves Postgres Master Different IP Addresses? Nagios Graphite • Invalid configs! Thursday, January 19, 2012
33. http://www.flickr.com/photos/francoforeshock/5716969942/ Configuration Desperation Thursday, January 19, 2012
34. Chef Solves This Problem • But you already guessed that, didn’t you? Thursday, January 19, 2012
35. • Generate configurations directly on nodes • Reduce management complexity • Version control the programs http://www.flickr.com/photos/ssoosay/5126146763/ Programs! Thursday, January 19, 2012
36. Declarative Interface to Resources • Define policy • Say what, not how • Pull not Push http://www.flickr.com/photos/bixentro/2591838509/ Thursday, January 19, 2012
37. Chef is Infrastructure as Code http://www.flickr.com/photos/louisb/4555295187/ • Programmatically provision and configure • Treat like any other code base • Reconstruct business from code repository, data backup, and bare metal resources. Thursday, January 19, 2012
38. package "ntp" do action :install end service "ntpd" do action [:enable,:start] end template "/etc/ntpd.conf" do source "ntpd.conf.erb" owner "root" group "root" mode 0644 action :create variables(:time_server => “time.example.com”) notifies :restart, “service[ntpd]” end That looks like this Thursday, January 19, 2012
39. package "net-snmp" do action :install end service "snmpd" do action [:enable,:start] end template "/etc/snmpd.conf" do source "snmpd.conf.erb" owner "root" group "root" mode 0644 action :create variables(:community_string => “not_public”) notifies :restart, “service[snmpd]” end Or this Thursday, January 19, 2012
40. "memory": { "swap": { "cached": "0kB", "total": "4128760kB", "free": "4128760kB" }, "total": "2055676kB", "free": "1646524kB", "buffers": "35032kB", "cached": "210276kB", "active": "125336kB", "inactive": "142884kB", "dirty": "8kB", "writeback": "0kB", "anon_pages": "22976kB", "mapped": "8416kB", "slab": "121512kB", "slab_reclaimable": "41148kB", "slab_unreclaim": "80364kB", "page_tables": "1784kB", "nfs_unstable": "0kB", "bounce": "0kB", "commit_limit": "5156596kB", "committed_as": "74980kB", "vmalloc_total": "34359738367kB", "vmalloc_used": "274512kB", "vmalloc_chunk": "34359449936kB" }, Ohai! "block_device": { "ram0": { "size": "32768", "removable": "0" }, "ram1": { "size": "32768", "removable": "0" }, "ram2": { "size": "32768", "removable": "0" }, "hostname": "server-1", "fqdn": "server-1.example.com", "domain": "example.com", "network": { "interfaces": { "eth0": { "type": "eth", "number": "0", "encapsulation": "Ethernet", "addresses": { "00:0C:29:43:26:C5": { "family": "lladdr" }, "192.168.177.138": { "family": "inet", "broadcast": "192.168.177.255", "netmask": "255.255.255.0" }, "fe80::20c:29ff:fe43:26c5": { "family": "inet6", "prefixlen": "64", "scope": "Link" } }, Thursday, January 19, 2012
41. execute "load sysctl" do command "/sbin/sysctl -p" action :nothing end bytes = node[‘memory’][‘total’].split("kB")[0].to_i * 1024 / 3, pages = node[‘memory’][‘total’].split("kB")[0].to_i * 1024 / 3 / 2048 # adjust shared memory and semaphores template "/etc/sysctl.conf" do source "sysctl.conf.erb" variables( :shmmax_in_bytes => bytes, :shmall_in_pages => pages ) notifies :run, "execute[load sysctl]", :immediately end Decide what to declare Thursday, January 19, 2012
42. size = ((2 * 3) * 4) / 2 99.downto(1) do |i| beer_bottle "bottle-#{i}" do oz size action [ :take_down, :pass_around ] end end Multiphase Execution Thursday, January 19, 2012
43. Recipes and Cookbooks • Recipes are collections of Resources • Cookbooks contain recipes, templates, files, custom resources, etc • Code re-use and modularity http://www.flickr.com/photos/shutterhacks/4474421855/ Thursday, January 19, 2012
44. Run Lists Server Server Server Server chef-server API chef-client recipe[ntp::client] node ntp client.rb Thursday, January 19, 2012
45. Run Lists Server Server Server Server chef-server API chef-client “ntp::client”, “openssh::server” node ntp client.rb openssh server.rb Thursday, January 19, 2012
46. Run Lists Server Server Server Server chef-server API chef-client “recipe[ntp::client]”, “recipe[openssh::server]”, “recipe[apache]”, “recipe[php]” node ntp client.rb openssh server.rb apache default.rb php default.rb Thursday, January 19, 2012
47. Roles name "base" description "base" run_list [ "recipe[selinux::disabled]", "recipe[etchosts]", "recipe[yum::epel]", "recipe[debugtools]" ] name "webserver" description "webserver server" run_list [ "role[base]", "recipe[nginx::server]" ] Thursday, January 19, 2012
48. Roles Role Recipe Recipe Recipe Role Role Recipe Recipe Recipe Role Recipe Server Server Server Server chef-server API Knife Thursday, January 19, 2012
49. Run Lists Server Server Server Server chef-server API chef-client “recipe[ntp::client]”, “recipe[openssh::server]”, “recipe[apache]”, “recipe[php]” node ntp client.rb openssh server.rb apache default.rb php default.rb Thursday, January 19, 2012
50. Server Server Server Server chef-server API chef-client “role[base]”, “role[webserver]” node ntp client.rb openssh server.rb apache default.rb php default.rb Roles Thursday, January 19, 2012
51. Server Server Server Server chef-server API chef-client “role[webserver]” node ntp client.rb openssh server.rb apache default.rb php default.rb Roles chef-client “role[database]” node ntp client.rb openssh server.rb mysql server.rb Thursday, January 19, 2012
52. http://www.flickr.com/photos/kathycsus/2686772625 Search • IP addresses • Hostnames • FQDNs • Search for nodes with Roles • Find configuration data Thursday, January 19, 2012
53. pool_members = search("node","role:webserver”) template "/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg" do source "haproxy-app_lb.cfg.erb" owner "root" group "root" mode 0644 variables :pool_members => pool_members.uniq notifies :restart, "service[haproxy]" end Search for nodes Thursday, January 19, 2012
54. # Set up application listeners here. listen application 0.0.0.0:80 balance roundrobin <% @pool_members.each do |member| -%> server <%= member[:hostname] %> <%= member[:ipaddress] %>:> weight 1 maxconn 1 check <% end -%> <% if node["haproxy"]["enable_admin"] -%> listen admin 0.0.0.0:22002 mode http stats uri / <% end -%> Pass results into Templates Thursday, January 19, 2012
55. munin::server example node.set[:munin][:server] = true munin_clients = search(:node, "munin_client:true") cookbook_file "/etc/cron.d/munin" do source "munin-cron" mode "0644" owner "root" group "root" end template "/etc/munin/munin.conf" do source "munin.conf.erb" mode 0644 variables(:munin_clients => munin_clients) end Thursday, January 19, 2012
56. munin::client example node.set[:munin][:client] = true munin_servers = search(:node, "munin_server:true") unless munin_servers.empty? package "munin-node" do action :install end template "/etc/munin/munin-node.conf" do source "munin-node.conf.erb" mode 0644 variables :munin_servers => munin_servers notifies :restart, "service[munin-node]" end service "munin-node" do supports :restart => true action [ :enable, :start ] end end Thursday, January 19, 2012
57. Jboss App Memcache Postgres Slaves Postgres Master So when this Nagios Graphite Thursday, January 19, 2012
58. Jboss App Memcache Postgres Slaves Postgres Master Nagios Graphite Becomes this Thursday, January 19, 2012
59. Jboss App Memcache Postgres Slaves Postgres Master Nagios Graphite This can happen automatically Thursday, January 19, 2012
60. Nagios Graphite Count the resources Jboss App Memcache Postgres Slaves • Load balancer config • Nagios host ping • Nagios host ssh • Nagios host HTTP • Nagios host app health • Graphite CPU • Graphite Memory • Graphite Disk • Graphite SNMP • Memcache firewall • Postgres firewall • Postgres authZ config • 12+ resource changes for 1 node addition Thursday, January 19, 2012
61. http://www.flickr.com/photos/evelynishere/2798236471/ CLONING CANNOT COPE WITH THIS • Chef can. Thursday, January 19, 2012
62. Build anything • Simple internal applications • Complex internal applications • Workstations • Hadoop clusters • IaaS applications • PaaS applications • SaaS applications • Storage systems • You name it http://www.flickr.com/photos/hyku/245010680/ Thursday, January 19, 2012
63. And manage it simply http://www.flickr.com/photos/helico/404640681/ • Automatically reconfigure everything • Load balancers • Metrics collection systems • Monitoring systems • Whatever • Cloud migrations become trivial Thursday, January 19, 2012
64. Questions? sales@opscode.com www.opscode.com Thursday, January 19, 2012