ContainerCon North America – Cloud Anti-Patterns

1. Cloud Anti-Patterns @caseywest 1 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
2. A word about consent… Please do: Take pictures, tweet, take notes. Please don't: Record or live stream without my explicit consent. 2 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
3. Cloud Anti-Patterns • Twitter @caseywest • Email casey@geeknest.com • Web http://caseywest.com 3 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
4. Thanks, Pivotal 4 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
5. Act One The five stages of cloud-native 5 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
6. The five stages of cloud- native 1. Denial 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance 6 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
7. Have a seat on the couch 7 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
8. Whatever makes you comfortable 8 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
9. Now for some basic ground rules 9 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
10. Rules We will talk about your delivery pipeline 10 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
11. Rules We will talk about your architecture 11 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
12. Rules We will talk about your automation 12 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
13. ⏰ 13 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
14. "Deploying my apps to 'the cloud' is paintful. Why?" 14 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
15. Denial 15 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
16. Denial Containers are just like tiny virtual machines 16 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
17. Denial We don't need to automate continuous delivery 17 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
18. Anger 18 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
19. Anger Works on my machine 19 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
20. Anger Dev is just #YOLO-ing shit to production 20 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
21. Bargaining 21 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
22. Bargaining We crammed this monolith into a container and called it a microservice 22 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
23. Bargaining "Bi-Modal IT" 23 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
24. Bargaining What if we create "microservices" that all talk to the same data source? 24 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
25. Depression 25 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
26. Depression We made 200 microservices and forgot to set up jenkins 26 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
27. Depression We have an automated build pipeline but release twice a year 27 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
28. Acceptance 28 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
29. Acceptance All software sucks 29 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
30. Acceptance Respect CAP Theorem 30 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
31. Acceptance Respect Conway's Law 31 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
32. Acceptance Small batch size works for replatforming, too 32 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
33. Acceptance Automate everything 33 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
34. ⏰'s up 34 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
35. What have we learned? 35 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
36. Cloud-native operability is* 1. Microservices Architecture 2. Devops Culture 3. Continuous Delivery Pick Any Three * Not always true. 36 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
37. Act Two The twelve-factor container 37 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
38. You must be this tall to ride this ride 38 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
39. Audience Participation • Containers? • Schedulers? • Cloud? 39 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
40. Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker Docker 40 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
41. The factors http://12factor.net 41 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
42. 1: One codebase tracked in revision control, many deploys 42 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
43. Anti-pattern Building separate images for staging and production 43 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
44. Anti-pattern Tags for dev and prod 44 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
45. Best Practice Use the environment and/or feature flags 45 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
46. 2: Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies 46 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
47. 2: Explicitly declare and isolate dependencies 47 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
48. Anti-pattern latest 48 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
49. Best Practice Declare version numbers of upstream dependencies 49 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
50. Best Practice Depend on base images for default filesystem and runtimes 50 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
51. 3: Store config in the environment 51 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
52. Anti-pattern config.yml 52 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
53. Anti-pattern properties.xml 53 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
54. Anti-pattern Hard-coded feature flags 54 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
55. Best Practice This one is literally about environment variables 55 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
56. Best Practice This one is literally about environment variables ! ‑ 56 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
57. 4: Treat backing services as attached resources 57 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
58. Anti-pattern Local disk 58 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
59. Anti-pattern Local disk 59 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
60. Anti-pattern Local disk 60 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
61. Best Practice Connect to network- attached services using connection info from the environment 61 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
62. 5: Strictly separate build and run stages 62 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
63. Anti-pattern Install on deploy 63 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
64. Best Practice Build immutable images then run those images 64 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
65. Painfully Obvious Best Practices 1. Eat when hungry 2. Sleep when tired 3. Book Casey West for speaking gigs 65 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
66. Best Practice Respect the lifecycle: build, run, destroy 66 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
67. 6: Execute the app as one or more stateless processes 67 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
68. Best Practice Schedule LRPs by distributing them across a cluster of physical hardware 68 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
69. Anti-pattern NFS 69 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
70. Anti-pattern NFS Need I say more? 70 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
71. 7: Export services via port binding 71 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
72. Best Practice port = Env.fetch(:PORT) 72 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
73. Best Practice my $port = $ENV{PORT}; 73 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
74. Best Practice private String getPort() { Map<String, String> env = System.getenv(); return env.get("PORT"); } 74 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
75. Best Practice let port = env::var("PORT").unwrap() 75 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
76. 8: Scale out via the process model 76 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
77. Best Practice Horizontally scale by adding instances 77 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
78. 9: Maximize robustness with fast startup and graceful shutdown 78 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
79. 10: Keep development, staging, and production as similar as possible 79 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
80. Best Practice Run containers in development 80 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
81. 11: Treat logs as event streams 81 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
82. Anti-pattern Random log files #yolo'd all over the file system 82 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
83. Best Practice STDOUT STDOUT STDOUT STDOUT 83 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
84. 12: Run admin/ management tasks as one-off processes 84 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
85. Anti-pattern Custom containers for tasks 85 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
86. Best Practice Reuse application images with specific entrypoints for tasks 86 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
87. More factors? • API first • Secrets management • Health metrics • Global distribution 87 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
88. You are now cloud-native 88 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
89. Repeatability Reliability Resiliency 89 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry
90. @caseywest Let's be friends ! 90 ! @caseywest #containercon #linuxcon #containers #realworld #sorrynotsorry