The Power of Vim

The idea behind this slides is to provide overview and reference of most useful vim commands, many of which are not known to or forgotten by an average vim user. It also describes a "must have" and "best of" vim plugins (general-purpose and targeted for C/C++ programming) of my choice.

Transcript

1. The Power of V!M by Dima Chumak chumakd@gmail.com February 10, 2013
3. Links • vim.org - main site: docs, plugin search • vim.wikia.com - vim tips collection • ru.wikibooks.org/wiki/Vim • vimcasts.org - collection of video tutorials • vim-scripts.org - all vim plugins under git • rayninfo.co.uk/vimtips.html Best of Vim Tips by David Rayner a.k.a. zzapper, 15 years with Vim and still learning ;) • derekwyatt.org/vim/vim-tutorial-videos Derek Wyatt's Vim video totorial
4. Documentation :help help-context :help :h :help $ vimtutor vimdoc.sf.net/htmldoc
5. Core functionality
6. . .
7. Modes
8. i I gi a A o O R gh gH v_Ctrl-g v V Ctrl-v
9. Motion commands
11. h j k l H M L ( ) { } w W b B e E ge gE 0 $ ^ g_ g0 g$ gj gk f F t T ; , | gm / ? * # g* g# n N gg G ` ' [ ] %
12. Change operators
13. c d y ~ g~ gu gU ! = < > gq gw g?
14. Change commands
15. r R dl x D dd Y yy p P [p [P s S C cc J
16. Text objects
17. iw iW aw aW is as ip ap it at ib ab i( a( i) a) iB aB i{ a{ i} a} i< a< i> a> i" i' i` a" a' a`
18. Undo/Redo
19. u Ctrl-r U g+ g-
20. Text completion
21. i_Ctrl-x_Ctrl-l i_Ctrl-x_Ctrl-n i_Ctrl-x_Ctrl-k i_Ctrl-x_Ctrl-t i_Ctrl-x_Ctrl-i i_Ctrl-x_Ctrl-] i_Ctrl-x_Ctrl-f i_Ctrl-x_Ctrl-d i_Ctrl-x_Ctrl-v i_Ctrl-x_Ctrl-u i_Ctrl-x_Ctrl-o i_Ctrl-x_s i_Ctrl-n
22. Macros
23. q{0-9a-zA-Z"} q @{0-9a-z".=*} @@
24. Search/Replace
25. / ? n N * g* # g# :s/XXX/YYY/flags & g& :g/XXX/command
26. Scrolling
27. Ctrl-f Ctrl-b Ctrl-d Ctrl-u Ctrl-e Ctrl-y zt zz zb zl zh zL zH
28. Buffers
29. :ls :bN :bufdo Ctrl-^
30. Windows
31. Ctrl-w_n Ctrl-w_c Ctrl-w_o Ctrl-w_s Ctrl-w_v Ctrl-w_f Ctrl-w_F Ctrl-w_{hjkl} Ctrl-w_{HJKL} Ctrl-w_{+-<>_|=} :windo
32. Tabs
33. :tabedit :tabnew gt gT Ctrl-w_gf Ctrl-w_gF :tabdo
34. Jumps
35. Ctrl-o Ctrl-i g; g, gf gF
36. Marks
37. two ways of jumping: ` '
38. named marks (user): `{a-z} `{A-Z} [` ]` special marks (auto): `{0-9} `` `" `^ `. `[ `] `< `> `( `) `{ `}
39. Folding
40. :set foldmethod=syntax zo zO zc zC za zA zr zR zm zM zv zj zk [z ]z
41. Moving through source code [ ] %
42. { Code blocks }
43. function(int a) +-> { | if (a) | +-> { [[ | | for (;;) --+ | | +-> { | | [{ | | foo(32); | --+ | | [{ | if (bar(a)) --+ | ]} | +-- | +-- break; | ]} | | | } <-+ | | ][ +-- foobar(a) | | } <-+ | } <-+
44. Functions()
45. int func1(void) { return 1; +----------> } | [] | int func2(void) | +-> { | [[ | if (flag) start +-- +-- return flag; | ][ | return 2; | +-> } ]] | | int func3(void) +----------> { return 3; }
46. ( Braces )
47. [( <-------------------------------- <------- if (a == b && (c == d || (e > f)) && x > y) --------------> --------------------------------> ])
48. /* Comments */
49. +-> +-> /* | [/ | * A comment about --+ [/ | +-- * wonderful life. | ]/ | */ <-+ | +-- foo = bar * 3; --+ | ]/ /* a short comment */ <-+
50. #ifdefs
51. +-> #ifdef USE_POPEN [# | fd = popen("ls", "r") % +-- #else ]# | fd = fopen("tmp", "w") +-> #endif
52. Code investigation
53. :set path+=your_project_includes [I [i ]I ]i [D [d ]D ]d [<Tab> ]<Tab>
54. ctags/cscope
55. Ctrl-] v_Ctrl-] Ctrl-t g] v_g] g_Ctrl-] Ctrl-w_] Ctrl-w_f Ctrl-w_F Ctrl-w_gf Ctrl-w_gF
56. Quickfix
57. :copen :close :cwindow :cnext :cprev :make :grep makeprg
58. Diff mode
59. $ vimdiff :diffsplit :vertical diffsplit :diffthis :diffpatch [c ]c do dp
60. Versatile ][ motions
61. [[ ]] [] ][ [{ ]} [( ]) [c ]c [m ]m [s ]s [z ]z [' ]' [# ]# [/ ]/
62. Magic g modifier
63. g# g& g< gd gD gJ gR g] ga go gp gv gw
64. Command line
65. : q: c_Ctrl-c c_Ctrl-i c_Ctrl-d c_Ctrl-p c_Ctrl-n
66. Multi-language input
67. i_Ctrl-^ langmap
68. Minimal recommended config
69. :filetype plugin on :filetype indent on :syntax enable :set nocompatible :set ignorecase smartcase :set hlsearch incsearch nowrapscan :set foldmethod=syntax :set autoindent nocindent nosmartindent :set tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 expandtab :set laststatus=2 :set showmode showcmd wildmenu :set listchars=eol:$,tab:>-,trail:. :set nowrap winminheight=0 novisualbell :set backup backupdir=~/.vim/backup :set undofile undodir=~/.vim/undo :set relativenumber :set confirm nohidden :set history=5000
70. Plugin extentions
71. Vim directory structure ~/.vim |-- after |-- autoload |-- colors |-- doc |-- ftplugin |-- plugin `-- syntax
72. Manual plugin management is not convenient
73. pathogen Revolution in vim plugin management Makes it super easy to install plugins in their own private directories Check out the how to and video tutorial on vimcasts.org
74. vundle Takes ideas behind pathogen and brings it to the next level Inspired by Ruby's bundler gem
75. vim-scripts.org Mirrors all vim plugins under git on Github vim-scripts.org + git submodules + pathogen OR vim-scripts.org + vundle = automatic plugin management, updates and synchronization
76. General purpose plugins
77. buffexplorer Quickly and easily switch between buffers
78. NERDTree Allows you to explore your filesystem and to open files and directories
79. Gundo Visualize your Vim undo tree
80. MRU Provides an easy access to a list of Most Recently Used files
81. FuzzyFinder Provides convenient ways to quickly reach the buffer, file, command, bookmark, tag you want, using fuzzy pattern matching
82. powerline Vim statusline on steroids:
83. grep Powerful integration with system's *grep utilities, including ability to grep through Vim buffers
84. yankstack Lightweight implementation of the Emacs 'kill ring' for Vim. It allows you to yank and delete things without worrying about losing the text that you yanked previously. It effectively turns your default register into a stack, and lets you cycle through the items in the stack after doing a paste.
85. EasyMotion Highlights all possible motion choices and allows you to press one key to jump directly to the target
86. MultipleSearch Display multiple searches at the same time with different color highlights
87. surround Easily delete, change and add surroundings in pairs (parentheses, brackets, quotes, XML tags, and more)
88. repeat Allows to repeat complex plugin's actions (for example surround) by remapping . command
89. Align Easily align text and program code in various ways, using multitude of predefined align-schemas or powerful manual control
90. DirDiff Performs a recursive diff on two directories and generates a diff window, similar to GUI diff tools like Kdiff3 or Kompare
91. SudoEdit Allows to read/write a file from inside vim with sudo privileges
92. gnupg Transparent editing of gpg encrypted files
93. file-line Allows to open files as file:line and place a cursor on chosen line
94. greplace Global Replace plugin allows you to search and replace a pattern across multiple files
95. VisIncr Facilitates making a column of increasing or decreasing numbers, dates, or day names
96. man Allows to read man pages directly from vim with :Man command This plugin is part of default vim distribution and can be enabled with runtime! ftplugin/man.vim command in .vimrc
97. info GNU info documentation browser
98. Programming related plugins
99. a Alternate between source files quickly, like .c ⇐⇒ .h etc.
100. Taglist Provides an overview of the structure of source code files and allows you to efficiently browse through source code files for many programming languages
101. Tagbar Similar to the Taglist plugin, but is superior in some ways and provides an ability to sort tags by scope
102. Tagselect A better :tselect and Ctrl-] commands Shows matched tags in a separate window, which can be searched and scrolled with ordinary vim commands
103. cscope_macros Handy mappings and commands to search tags with cscope
104. fugitive An awesome git integration into vim
105. OmniCppComplete C/C++ omni-completion with ctags database, a kind of intellisense for vim
106. clang-complete Uses Clang for completing C, C++, Objective-C and Objective-C++ You don't need any ctags for it to work It can complete complex things, which OmniCppComplete can't
107. EnhCommentify Automatically comment/uncomment lines of code in various programming languages
108. NERDCommenter Another one nice commenter, it complements EnhCommentify, adding some features which the latter doesn't have
109. snipMate Brings TextMate's snippets features in Vim for various programming languages
110. delimitMate Provides automatic closing of quotes, parenthesis, brackets, etc., besides some other related features that should make your time in insert mode a little bit easier
111. errormarker Highlights and sets error markers for lines with compile errors
112. camelcasemotion Motion through CamelCaseWords and underscore_notation
113. argtextobj Text-object like motion for function's arguments
114. BlockDiff Shows diff between two arbitrary blocks of text
115. DoxygenToolkit Simplify creation of Doxygen documentation in C/C++ projects
116. Conque-Shell Run interactive commands, such as bash, inside a Vim buffer
117. Syntastic It's a syntax checking plugin that runs files through external syntax checkers and displays any resulting errors to the user This can be done automatically or on demand
118. git_patch_tags Provides shortcuts for adding tag lines for git commits, like Reviewed-by: Tested-by: etc. with automatic user-name and email substitution
119. patchreview Simplify the process of reviewing multi-file patches, by showing each file changes in a diffsplit in separate vim tab
120. Other mics plugins
121. Marks-Browser Shows list of set marks (including special) for the current file in a separate window
122. ShowMarks Visually shows the location of marks by placing a sign in the leftmost column of the buffer
123. diffchanges Show changes, made to current buffer since the last save, in a diff mode
124. xml.vim Makes editing xml (and html) files a kid's play
125. DrawIt Ascii drawing plugin: lines, ellipses, arrows, fills, and more
126. deb Allows to browse debian package in the same way you can browse .tar and .zip files
127. Eternal question:
128. Vim vs Emacs . .
129. It doesn't matter, just choose one of them but vim is better anyway ; )
130. Give it a try ;) Check out my .vimrc config on github To try my vim configuration just do the following: $ git clone git://github.com/chumakd/vim-runtime.git $ cd vim-runtime $ git submodule update --init $ cd .. $ MYVIMRC=./vim-runtime/vimrc VIMHOME=./vim-runtime \ gvim ./vim-runtime/vimrc
131. F!N