大規模アプリにおけるXcode Previews実用化までの道のり

「iOSDC Japan 2025」での発表資料です #iosdc #c

- https://iosdc.jp/2025/
- https://fortee.jp/iosdc-japan-2025/proposal/8283dd4a-8df4-49ea-ad77-b231139adff0

Transcript

1. େن໛ΞϓϦʹ͓͚Δ Xcode Previews࣮༻Խ ·ͰͷಓͷΓ @ikesyo / Sho Ikeda iOSDC Japan 2025 2025-09-20 Sat (day1) #iosdc #c 1
2. @ikesyo / Sho Ikeda • ͍͚͠ΐʔʗ஑ా ᠳ • LINEϠϑʔגࣜձࣾ / MDX Team of LINE app • https://github.com/ikesyo • Swift Contributor / Various OSS Contributor • iOSDCొஃ • LT5ճʢ2016-2019ɺ2023ʣ • ϨΪϡϥʔτʔΫ͸ࠓճ͕ॳΊͯ 2
4. େن໛ΞϓϦ = LINE 4
5. ΞδΣϯμ 1. LINE iOSΞϓϦͷഎܠͱ՝୊ 2. Static FrameworkͱXcode 16 3. ࣮༻Խ·Ͱͷ՝୊ͱղܾࡦ 4. ݱࡏͷঢ়گͱࠓޙͷల๬ 5
6. LINE iOSΞϓϦͷഎܠͱ՝୊ 6
7. LINE iOSΞϓϦͷಛ௃ • ϚϧνϞδϡʔϧߏ੒: ਺ඦͷϞδϡʔϧ • Static Framework: ߴ଎ىಈͷͨΊͷબ୒ • ڊେͳΞϓϦέʔγϣϯλʔήοτ: Previewʹ͸ෆ޲͖ 7
8. LINE iOSͷ։ൃن໛ʢ2025೥9݄ݱࡏʣ ߲໨ ਺ ίʔυߦ਺ 250ສߦҎ্ XcodeϓϩδΣΫτ਺ 600Ҏ্ Xcodeλʔήοτ਺ ʢ˞ςετΛআ͘ʣ 800Ҏ্ ϏϧυࡁΈϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ਺ 150Ҏ্ 8
9. LINE iOSͱStatic Framework • ඇৗʹଟ͘ͷϞδϡʔϧ͕͋ΔͷͰɺDynamic LinkͩͱΞϓϦͷىಈ ͕࣌ؒ஗͘ͳͬͯ͠·͏ • → Static FrameworkԽͯ͠࢖༻ • ͔͠͠Xcode 15.x·Ͱ͸Dynamic FrameworkͰͳ͍ͱͦͷϞδϡʔ ϧΛPreviewͰ͖ͳ͔ͬͨ • Xcode Previewsͷ࣮ߦΤϯδϯͷ੍ݶ • → LINE iOSΞϓϦͰ͸ࣄ্࣮Preview͕࢖͑ͳ͔ͬͨ 9
10. Static FrameworkͱXcode 16 10
11. Static FrameworkͱXcode 16 • Xcode 15·Ͱ: Dynamic FrameworkͰ͔͠Preview͕ಈ͔ ͳ͍ • Xcode 16.0Ͱ͍ͭʹStatic Frameworkͷαϙʔτ͕௥Ճ͞Ε ͨ͜ͱΛ೺Ѳ͠ɺݕূΛ։࢝ • https://developer.apple.com/ documentation/xcode-release- notes/xcode-16-release-notes 11
12. Static FrameworkͱXcode 16 • ·ͣ͸طଘͷϞδϡʔϧͰ͸ͳ͘ɺඞཁ ࠷খݶͷϞδϡʔϧΛ࡞ͬͯࢼͯ͠ΈΔ • ͔֬ʹStatic FrameworkͰ΋Preview ͕ಈ͘͜ͱΛ֬ೝ ! • ͨͩ͠ɺ৽͍࣮͠ߦΤϯδϯΛ࢖͏ ඞཁ͕͋Δ • Editor → Canvas → Use Legacy Previews Execution ΛΦϑʹ͢ ΔʢແޮԽʣ 12
13. Static FrameworkͱXcode 16 • ͔͠͠طଘͷϞδϡʔϧͰ΋ݕূͯ͠ΈΔͱɺavailableΛ࢖͏ͱ Preview͕Ϋϥογϡ͢Δ͜ͱΛൃݟ • Өڹൣғ͕େ͖͘ɺ͜ͷ໰୊͕௚Βͳ͍ͱLINEΞϓϦͰ͸࣮༻Ͱ͖ ͳ͍Ϩϕϧ • AppleʹFeedbackΛग़ͨ͠ͷͰɺमਖ਼Λ଴ͭ೔ʑ • FB16037528: Xcode Previews in static frameworks (using the new Execution) failed to run if availability checking is used 13
14. FB16037528 import SwiftUI struct MyLabel: View { var body: some View { if #available(iOS 18, *) { Text("aaa") } } } #Preview { MyLabel() } 14
15. Static FrameworkͱXcode 16 • Xcode 16.3Ͱ͍ͭʹͦͷόά ͕मਖ਼͞ΕΔ ! • https:// developer.apple.com/ documentation/xcode- release-notes/xcode-16_3- release-notes Fixed: Previews in static libraries that used @availability annotations would fail with a symbol not found error. This should now be resolved but if you continue to experience this please file a new feedback with fresh diagnostics since we’ve added new logging for triage. (140898299) (FB16037528) 15
17. ΊͰͨ͠ΊͰͨ͠ 17
18. ׬ 18
19. ͦΜͳ༁͸ͳ͍ 19
20. ࣮༻Խ·Ͱͷ՝୊ͱղܾࡦ 20
21. ࣮༻Խ·Ͱͷ՝୊ͱղܾࡦ • ϏϧυεΩʔϜ؅ཧ • ϓϨϏϡʔର৅͔Βґଘؔ܎ΛݮΒ͢ • ը૾΍ϩʔΧϦθʔγϣϯͳͲͷϦιʔεͷಡΈࠐΈ 21
22. ϏϧυεΩʔϜ؅ཧ 22
23. ϏϧυεΩʔϜ؅ཧ • ಛఆͷUIϞδϡʔϧʢϓϨϏϡʔର ৅ʣΛϓϨϏϡʔ͢ΔɾϏϧυ͢Δ ʹ͸ɺͦͷϞδϡʔϧʢʹλʔήο τʣ༻ͷϏϧυεΩʔϜΛ༻ҙ͢Δ ඞཁ͕͋Δ 23
24. ϏϧυεΩʔϜ؅ཧ • ͔͠͠Ϟδϡʔϧ͕਺ඦݸ͋ΔͷͰɺ͢΂ͯͷλʔήοτͷϏϧυ εΩʔϜΛ࡞੒͢Δͷ͸ඇݱ࣮తʢϏϧυεΩʔϜબ୒ͷUI͕࢖͍ ෺ʹͳΒͳ͍ʣ • UIϞδϡʔϧʹߜͬͨͱͯ͠΋·ͩ਺͕ଟ͍ • جຊతʹνʔϜຖʹ୲౰͢ΔϞδϡʔϧ͕෼͔Ε͍ͯΔͷͰɺ ࣗνʔϜʹؔ܎ͳ͍Ϗϧυ͕͋ΔͱϊΠζʹͳͬͯ͠·͏ → ඞཁͳϏϧυεΩʔϜ͚ͩΛ࡞੒ɾදࣔͰ͖ΔΑ͏ͳ࢓૊Έ͕ඞཁ 24
25. ղܾࡦ: XcodeGenͷScheme Managementͷshared/ isShown • https://github.com/yonaskolb/XcodeGen/blob/master/Docs/ProjectSpec.md#scheme- management • shared: Bool - indicates whether the scheme is shared • isShown: Bool - indicates whether the scheme is shown in the scheme list • sharedͳϏϧυεΩʔϜͱͯ͠࡞੒ɾڞ༗ͭͭ͠ɺσϑΥϧτͰ͸ඇදࣔͷঢ়ଶʹ͓ͯ͘͠ • → ֘౰ͷϞδϡʔϧΛ։ൃɾϓϨϏϡʔ͍ͨ͠։ൃऀ͕ࣗ෼ͷखݩͰ͚ͩදࣔঢ়ଶʹมߋ͢ Δ • ϏϧυεΩʔϜͷදࣔɾඇදࣔͷঢ়ଶ͸Ϣʔβʔ͝ͱʹ؅ཧ͞ΕΔ • *.xcodeproj/xcuserdata/*.xcuserdatad/xcschemes/xcschememanagement.plist 25
27. ղܾࡦ: XcodeGenͷScheme Managementͷshared/ isShown ͜ͷઃఆΛߦ͏ͨΊͷXcodeGenͷςϯϓϨʔτΛ༻ҙ͠ɺϓϨϏϡʔ ͍ͨ͠ϞδϡʔϧͰࢦఆ͢Δɻ # templates.yml targetTemplates: PreviewableTarget: scheme: management: shared: true isShown: false # project.yml targets: SomeUIModule: templates: - Framework - PreviewableTarget 27
28. ϓϨϏϡʔର৅͔Βґଘؔ܎ΛݮΒ͢ 28
29. ϓϨϏϡʔର৅͔Βґଘؔ܎ΛݮΒ͢ LINEͷϚϧνϞδϡʔϧߏ੒ 29
30. ϓϨϏϡʔର৅͔Βґଘؔ܎ ΛݮΒ͢ • UIϞδϡʔϧ͕LogicϞδϡʔϧʹґଘ͢ Δߏ੒ • LogicϞδϡʔϧ͕େྔͷґଘΛ࣋ͪࠐ Ή͜ͱ͕͋Δ • UIϞδϡʔϧͰͷPreview࣮ߦ࣌ʹ ϏϧυΤϥʔ΍ϨϯμϦϯά໰୊͕ى͖ Δ͜ͱ͕͋Δ • Previewը໘͕ϩʔσΟϯάͷ··Կ ΋ى͖ͳ͍ 30
31. ղܾࡦ: PreviewableUIϞδϡʔϧ • PreviewableUI: ϩδοΫϨεͳUIί ϯϙʔωϯτͷΈ • ґଘੑ஫ೖ: ϩδοΫ΍ΞΫγϣϯ͸ Ϋϩʔδϟ΍όΠϯσΟϯάͰ஫ೖ • ܰྔԽ: UIίϯϙʔωϯτߏங༻ͷ࠷ খݶͷґଘʹཹΊΔ → ґଘ͕ଟ͍طଘϞδϡʔϧͰϓϨϏ ϡʔΛ࢖͍͍ͨ࣌΍ɺ৽نͷϞδϡʔϧ ʹରͯ͠ਪ঑ 31
32. ը૾΍ϩʔΧϦθʔγϣϯͳͲͷ ϦιʔεͷಡΈࠐΈ 32
33. ը૾΍ϩʔΧϦθʔγϣϯͳ ͲͷϦιʔεͷಡΈࠐΈ ΞϓϦશମɾଟ਺ͷϞδϡʔϧͰڞ༗͢ Δը૾΍ϩʔΧϦθʔγϣϯϦιʔε͸ ΞϓϦຊମʹຒΊࠐ·Ε͍ͯΔɻ • جຊతʹ͸ Bundle.main ͰΞΫηε ͢Δ • ͨͩ͠ίʔυੜ੒͍ͯ͠ΔΞΫηα ʔίʔυ͸ڞ௨Ϟδϡʔϧͱͯ͠ఆٛ ͍ͯ͠Δ 33
34. ը૾΍ϩʔΧϦθʔγϣϯͳ ͲͷϦιʔεͷಡΈࠐΈ → ͜ΕͩͱɺͦΕΒͷϦιʔεΛ࢖༻͢ΔUI ϞδϡʔϧͷPreviewͰΫϥογϡͨ͠Γɺϩ ʔΧϥΠζ͕ਖ਼͘͠දࣔ͞Εͳ͘ͳΔɻ • Xcode Previewsͷ࣮ߦ؀ڥ͸ XCPreviewAgent.app ͱ͍͏ΞϓϦ͕ϗε τʹͳ͍ͬͯͯɺ Bundle.main ͸͜ͷΞϓ ϦΛࢦ͢ • → ͜ͷΞϓϦʹ͸౰વඞཁͳϦιʔε͕ຒ Ίࠐ·Ε͍ͯͳ͍ͷͰɺϦιʔε͕ݟ͔ͭΒ ͳ͍ 34
35. ղܾࡦ: Development AssetsΛ࢖ͬͯΞΫηαʔίʔυͷڞ ௨ϞδϡʔϧʹϦιʔεΛຒΊࠐΉ • https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xcode/ previewing-your-apps-interface-in-xcode#Reduce-your-app- size-with-development-assets • Preview༻ͷը૾Ϧιʔε΍ϞοΫσʔλͳͲͷɺ੡඼൛ͷΞϓ Ϧʹ͸ؚΊͳ͍Ξηοτ΍ιʔείʔυͷύεΛࢦఆ͢Δ΋ͷ • ArchiveϏϧυʢxcodebuild ͷ archive ΞΫγϣϯʣ࣌ʹ͸Ϗ ϧυର৅͔Βআ֎͞ΕΔ 35
36. ղܾࡦ: Development AssetsΛ࢖ͬ ͯΞΫηαʔίʔυͷڞ௨Ϟδϡʔϧʹ ϦιʔεΛຒΊࠐΉ • Xcode GUI: ϓϩδΣΫτ಺ͷ֤λʔ ήοτͷઃఆͷ General → Development Assets • DEVELOPMENT_ASSET_PATHS ͱ͍͏ Build SettingͰ΋ઃఆՄೳ 36
37. ղܾࡦ: Development AssetsΛ࢖ͬ ͯΞΫηαʔίʔυͷڞ௨Ϟδϡʔϧʹ ϦιʔεΛຒΊࠐΉ • ͜ΕΛ࢖͍ɺීஈ͸ΞϓϦຊମʹຒ Ίࠐ·Ε͍ͯΔϦιʔεΛɺΞΫηα ʔίʔυͷڞ௨Ϟδϡʔϧࣗମʹຒ ΊࠐΜͰ͠·͏ • ·ͨੜ੒ίʔυͰ Bundle.main ʹ ΞΫηε͢Δ෦෼Λɺڞ௨Ϟδϡ ʔϧࣗମͷBundleʹஔ͖׵͑Δ 37
38. ղܾࡦ: Development AssetsΛ࢖ͬͯΞΫηαʔίʔυͷڞ ௨ϞδϡʔϧʹϦιʔεΛຒΊࠐΉ #if DEBUG let isInPreviews = ProcessInfo.processInfo.environment["XCODE_RUNNING_FOR_PREVIEWS"] == "1" if isInPreviews { // Xcode Previewsͷ࣮ߦ؀ڥͰ͸ `Bundle(for: BundleFinder.self)` ͕ // Derived Dataͷதͷ `Debug-iphonesimulator` (`BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR` ૬౰) Λฦ͢ɻ if let bundle = Bundle(for: BundleFinder.self) .url(forResource: "SharedUICommonMediaAssets", withExtension: "framework") .flatMap(Bundle.init(url:)) { return bundle } } return Bundle.main #else return Bundle.main #endif 38
39. ղܾࡦ: Development AssetsΛ࢖ͬͯΞΫηαʔίʔυͷڞ ௨ϞδϡʔϧʹϦιʔεΛຒΊࠐΉ Ұ෦ͷϞδϡʔϧͰΞΫηαʔίʔυͷڞ௨Ϟδϡʔϧܦ༝Ͱ͸ͳ͘ɺ UIImage(named: ...) Ͱ௚઀ Bundle.main Λࢀর͍ͯͨ͠΋ͷ΋௚͢ɻ // NG: σϑΥϧτͷ `in bundle: Bundle? = nil` ͩͱ // `Bundle.main` ͕࢖ΘΕͯ͠·͏ɻ UIImage(named: "button_type_lightgreen_normal") // → nil // OK: PreviewͰ͸ࠩ͠ସ͑ͨBundle͕࢖ΘΕΔɻ // `UIImage(named: "button_type_lightgreen_normal", in: bundle)` UIImage.buttonTypeLightgreenNormal 39
40. ݱࡏͷঢ়گͱࠓޙͷల๬ 40
41. ݱࡏͷঢ়گ • ✅ Static FrameworkͰͷಈ࡞ݕূ • ✅ ʢຊ೔঺հͨ͠Α͏ͳʣ༷ʑͳԼ४උ • ✅ ΨΠυϥΠϯͷ࡞੒ • ✅ ։ൃνʔϜ΁ͷΞφ΢ϯε • " ֤։ൃνʔϜɾػೳ։ൃͰͷ࣮ફ • ݱ࣌఺ͰPreviewableTarget͸5݅ʢΞφ΢ϯε͔Β3݅૿Ճʣ 41
42. ࠓޙͷల๬ • Xcode Previewsͷӹʑͷൃలʢػೳ௥Ճͱ҆ఆੑվળʣ΁ͷظ଴ • ։ൃνʔϜ͔Βͷٙ໰ɾ࣭໰΁ͷճ౴ˠΨΠυϥΠϯ΁ͷ൓ө • ࣾ಺ษڧձͰͷൃදɺϫʔΫγϣοϓͷ࣮ࢪͳͲ • ׆༻ঢ়گͷτϥοΩϯά • PreviewableTargetͷ਺ɺιʔείʔυதͷPreviewͷ਺ɺͳͲ • ͦͷͨΊͷܭଌπʔϧͷ࡞੒΍ఆظ࣮ߦ 42
43. ࠓޙͷల๬ • Mergeable Libraryͷݕ౼ • Static FrameworkͰ͋Δ͕ނʹɺґଘϞδϡʔϧͷଟ͞ʹΑͬͯPreview ͷಈ࡞͕ෆ҆ఆʹͳͬͨΓɺϞδϡʔϧ෼ׂΛڧ͍ΒΕͨΓ͍ͯ͠Δ ʢՄೳੑ͕͋Δʣ • → Mergeable LibraryΛಋೖ͢ΔͱɺDebugϏϧυͰ͸Dynamic Linkʹ ͳΔͷͰɺϦϯΫىҼͷ໰୊ΛܰݮͰ͖Δ͔΋͠Εͳ͍ • ৄ͘͠͸ Mergeable LibraryͰ ߴ଎ͳΞϓϦىಈΛ࣮ݱ͠Α͏ʂ Λࢀর ʢ@giginetʣ 43
44. ·ͱΊ 44
45. ·ͱΊ • LINE iOSΞϓϦͱ͍͏େن໛ͳΞϓϦͷ։ൃʹXcode PreviewsΛಋೖ࢝͠Ίͨ • ͲͷΑ͏ͳ՝୊͕͋Δͷ͔Λચ͍ग़͠ɺͦΕΒΛௐࠪɾղܾ͠ɺXcodeʹ΋ϑΟʔυ όοΫͯ͠όάΛमਖ਼ͯ͠΋Βͬͨ • Static FrameworkͰXcode PreviewsΛ׆༻͢Δʹ͸·ͩ·ͩϋʔυϧ͕͋Δ • Previewsࣗମͷಈ࡞҆ఆੑͷ໰୊ʢ৽͍࣮͠ߦΤϯδϯͷJITίϯύΠϧɾϦϯΫʣ • Ϧιʔεόϯυϧͷѻ͍ • Mergeable Library͕վળࡦʹͳΓಘΔͷͰௐࠪɾݕ౼ΛਐΊ͍ͯ͘ • Զͨͪͷઓ͍͸͜Ε͔Βͩʂ 45
46. ࢀߟࢿྉ • Previews in Xcode | Apple Developer Documentation • Development Assets • Build settings reference | Apple Developer Documentation • Previewing your app’s interface in Xcode | Apple Developer Documentation • XcodeͷDevelopment Assets୳๚ @ikesyo • WWDC Videos • Build programmatic UI with Xcode Previews - WWDC23 - Videos - Apple Developer • Structure your app for SwiftUI previews - WWDC20 - Videos - Apple Developer • Mastering Xcode Previews - WWDC19 - Videos - Apple Developer • Mergeable Library • Configuring your project to use mergeable libraries | Apple Developer Documentation • Mergeable LibraryͰ ߴ଎ͳΞϓϦىಈΛ࣮ݱ͠Α͏ʂ @giginet 46
47. ! Happy Xcode Previews 47
48. Thank you @ikesyo / Sho Ikeda 48